The Role of Nrf2 and Cytoprotection in Regulating Chemotherapy Resistance of Human Leukemia Cells
The Nrf2 anti-oxidant response element (ARE) pathway plays an important role in regulating cellular anti-oxidants. Under normal cellular conditions Nrf2 can be described as an anti-tumor molecule due to its induction of cytoprotective genes which protect cells from electrophile and oxidative damage....
| Main Authors: | , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2011-03-01
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| Series: | Cancers |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.mdpi.com/2072-6694/3/2/1605/ |
| _version_ | 1797762333157621760 |
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| author | David J. MacEwan Stuart A. Rushworth |
| author_facet | David J. MacEwan Stuart A. Rushworth |
| author_sort | David J. MacEwan |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The Nrf2 anti-oxidant response element (ARE) pathway plays an important role in regulating cellular anti-oxidants. Under normal cellular conditions Nrf2 can be described as an anti-tumor molecule due to its induction of cytoprotective genes which protect cells from electrophile and oxidative damage. However in cancerous cells, Nrf2 takes on a pro-tumoral identity as the same cytoprotective genes can enhance resistance of those cancer cells to chemotherapeutic drugs. Such Nrf2-regulated cytoprotective genes include heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), which has been shown to protect human leukemia cells from apoptotic signals. Moreover, a relationship between Nrf2 and the nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) signaling pathway has been recently identified, and is now recognized as an important cross-talk mechanism by which Nrf2 can overcome apoptosis and provide cells with reduced sensitivity towards chemotherapeutic agents. In recent years a number of important research papers have highlighted the role of Nrf2 in providing protection against both current and new chemotherapeutic drugs in blood cancer. This review will provide a synopsis of these research papers with an aim to carefully consider if targeting Nrf2 in combination with current or new chemotherapeutics is a viable strategy in the more effective treatment of blood cancers. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-12T19:25:50Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-909ed8ed355d446abc51f4d4713298f1 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2072-6694 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-12T19:25:50Z |
| publishDate | 2011-03-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Cancers |
| spelling | doaj.art-909ed8ed355d446abc51f4d4713298f12023-08-02T04:51:28ZengMDPI AGCancers2072-66942011-03-01321605162110.3390/cancers3021605The Role of Nrf2 and Cytoprotection in Regulating Chemotherapy Resistance of Human Leukemia CellsDavid J. MacEwanStuart A. RushworthThe Nrf2 anti-oxidant response element (ARE) pathway plays an important role in regulating cellular anti-oxidants. Under normal cellular conditions Nrf2 can be described as an anti-tumor molecule due to its induction of cytoprotective genes which protect cells from electrophile and oxidative damage. However in cancerous cells, Nrf2 takes on a pro-tumoral identity as the same cytoprotective genes can enhance resistance of those cancer cells to chemotherapeutic drugs. Such Nrf2-regulated cytoprotective genes include heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), which has been shown to protect human leukemia cells from apoptotic signals. Moreover, a relationship between Nrf2 and the nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) signaling pathway has been recently identified, and is now recognized as an important cross-talk mechanism by which Nrf2 can overcome apoptosis and provide cells with reduced sensitivity towards chemotherapeutic agents. In recent years a number of important research papers have highlighted the role of Nrf2 in providing protection against both current and new chemotherapeutic drugs in blood cancer. This review will provide a synopsis of these research papers with an aim to carefully consider if targeting Nrf2 in combination with current or new chemotherapeutics is a viable strategy in the more effective treatment of blood cancers.http://www.mdpi.com/2072-6694/3/2/1605/leukemiaAMLCLLapoptosistranscription factorNrf2, antioxidantHO-1NQO1glutathionechemotherapyNF-κBacute myeloid leukemia |
| spellingShingle | David J. MacEwan Stuart A. Rushworth The Role of Nrf2 and Cytoprotection in Regulating Chemotherapy Resistance of Human Leukemia Cells Cancers leukemia AML CLL apoptosis transcription factor Nrf2, antioxidant HO-1 NQO1 glutathione chemotherapy NF-κB acute myeloid leukemia |
| title | The Role of Nrf2 and Cytoprotection in Regulating Chemotherapy Resistance of Human Leukemia Cells |
| title_full | The Role of Nrf2 and Cytoprotection in Regulating Chemotherapy Resistance of Human Leukemia Cells |
| title_fullStr | The Role of Nrf2 and Cytoprotection in Regulating Chemotherapy Resistance of Human Leukemia Cells |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Role of Nrf2 and Cytoprotection in Regulating Chemotherapy Resistance of Human Leukemia Cells |
| title_short | The Role of Nrf2 and Cytoprotection in Regulating Chemotherapy Resistance of Human Leukemia Cells |
| title_sort | role of nrf2 and cytoprotection in regulating chemotherapy resistance of human leukemia cells |
| topic | leukemia AML CLL apoptosis transcription factor Nrf2, antioxidant HO-1 NQO1 glutathione chemotherapy NF-κB acute myeloid leukemia |
| url | http://www.mdpi.com/2072-6694/3/2/1605/ |
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