Knowledge, attitude, performance, and determinant factors of Vitamin D deficiency prevention behaviours among Iranian pregnant women
Abstract Background Pregnancy is a high-risk period for vitamin D (Vit D) deficiency, and there is a direct relationship between Vit D deficiency during this period and maternal and fetal complications. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the knowledge, attitude, and practice of pregnant women con...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMC
2021-12-01
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| Series: | Archives of Public Health |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s13690-021-00712-2 |
| _version_ | 1829487429197758464 |
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| author | Farideh Aghaei Alireza Heidarnia Hamid Allahverdipour Mohammad Eslami Saeideh Ghaffarifar |
| author_facet | Farideh Aghaei Alireza Heidarnia Hamid Allahverdipour Mohammad Eslami Saeideh Ghaffarifar |
| author_sort | Farideh Aghaei |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Pregnancy is a high-risk period for vitamin D (Vit D) deficiency, and there is a direct relationship between Vit D deficiency during this period and maternal and fetal complications. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the knowledge, attitude, and practice of pregnant women concerning the adoption of behaviors to prevent Vit D deficiency and identify the determinant factors of such behaviors. Methods In this cross-sectional study, 185 pregnant women with a mean age of 27.52 ± 5.9 years were selected from the Health Centers in Tabriz, Iran, using the stratified random sampling between 2018 September 23 and 2019 June 21. Data were collected using a researcher-made questionnaires comprising demographic information, knowledge, attitude, and practice of pregnant women towards Vit D deficiency. The chi-square test and Fisher’s exact test were used to determine the relationship between the demographics of pregnant women and their knowledge and attitude. Moreover, the general linear model test was used to determine the predictors of performance. The p-value< 0.05 was considered to be significant in this study. Results The findings showed that 85.6% of pregnant women were well aware of the importance and role of Vit D in pregnancy. In addition, 76.7 and 75% of the participants had good knowledge of getting enough Vit D from sunlight and preventing Vit D deficiency in pregnancy, respectively. Moreover, 91.7% of the pregnant women believed that Vit D has a vital role in maternal and fetal health, and 61.1% showed a high level of perceived self-efficiency in preventing Vit D deficiency. In addition, 67.2% of women regarded the unpleasant taste and price of Vit D rich foods, such as seafood, as barriers to get Vit D, and 91.7% mentioned the lack of public places specific to women and living in apartments as barriers to getting enough Vit D from sunlight. According to the results, 57.8 and 79.4% of pregnant women performed at a moderate level in getting Vit D from food and sunlight, respectively. In general, educational attainment (Pvalue = 0.02, B = 0.56), pregnancy age (Pvalue = 0.04, B = -0.26), parity (Pvalue = 0.03, B = -0.45), and perceived self-efficacy of mothers (Pvalue < 0.001, B = 0.340) were the determinant factors of getting Vit D from food and sunlight as behaviours to prevent Vit D deficiency in pregnancy. Conclusion The findings of the current study revealed that despite the good knowledge of women about the Vit D deficiency during pregnancy, their performance was moderate. The unpleasant taste and high price of seafood were barriers to using them, and the lack of public places specific to women and living in apartments, were barriers to using sunlight. The most important determinant of preventive behaviours was perceived self-efficacy. Developing an awareness program to promote best practices in pregnant women is essential to prevent vitamin D deficiency. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-14T23:26:52Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-90ac08b44fdc4e359333796bbc506575 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2049-3258 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-14T23:26:52Z |
| publishDate | 2021-12-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Archives of Public Health |
| spelling | doaj.art-90ac08b44fdc4e359333796bbc5065752022-12-21T22:43:46ZengBMCArchives of Public Health2049-32582021-12-0179111210.1186/s13690-021-00712-2Knowledge, attitude, performance, and determinant factors of Vitamin D deficiency prevention behaviours among Iranian pregnant womenFarideh Aghaei0Alireza Heidarnia1Hamid Allahverdipour2Mohammad Eslami3Saeideh Ghaffarifar4Department of Health Education and Health Promotion, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares UniversityDepartment of Health Education and Health Promotion, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares UniversityDepartment of Health Education and Promotion, School of HealthDepartment of Population Health, Family and Schools Office, Ministry of Health and Medical EducationMedical Education Research Center, Health Management and Safety Promotion Research Institute, Tabriz University of Medical SciencesAbstract Background Pregnancy is a high-risk period for vitamin D (Vit D) deficiency, and there is a direct relationship between Vit D deficiency during this period and maternal and fetal complications. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the knowledge, attitude, and practice of pregnant women concerning the adoption of behaviors to prevent Vit D deficiency and identify the determinant factors of such behaviors. Methods In this cross-sectional study, 185 pregnant women with a mean age of 27.52 ± 5.9 years were selected from the Health Centers in Tabriz, Iran, using the stratified random sampling between 2018 September 23 and 2019 June 21. Data were collected using a researcher-made questionnaires comprising demographic information, knowledge, attitude, and practice of pregnant women towards Vit D deficiency. The chi-square test and Fisher’s exact test were used to determine the relationship between the demographics of pregnant women and their knowledge and attitude. Moreover, the general linear model test was used to determine the predictors of performance. The p-value< 0.05 was considered to be significant in this study. Results The findings showed that 85.6% of pregnant women were well aware of the importance and role of Vit D in pregnancy. In addition, 76.7 and 75% of the participants had good knowledge of getting enough Vit D from sunlight and preventing Vit D deficiency in pregnancy, respectively. Moreover, 91.7% of the pregnant women believed that Vit D has a vital role in maternal and fetal health, and 61.1% showed a high level of perceived self-efficiency in preventing Vit D deficiency. In addition, 67.2% of women regarded the unpleasant taste and price of Vit D rich foods, such as seafood, as barriers to get Vit D, and 91.7% mentioned the lack of public places specific to women and living in apartments as barriers to getting enough Vit D from sunlight. According to the results, 57.8 and 79.4% of pregnant women performed at a moderate level in getting Vit D from food and sunlight, respectively. In general, educational attainment (Pvalue = 0.02, B = 0.56), pregnancy age (Pvalue = 0.04, B = -0.26), parity (Pvalue = 0.03, B = -0.45), and perceived self-efficacy of mothers (Pvalue < 0.001, B = 0.340) were the determinant factors of getting Vit D from food and sunlight as behaviours to prevent Vit D deficiency in pregnancy. Conclusion The findings of the current study revealed that despite the good knowledge of women about the Vit D deficiency during pregnancy, their performance was moderate. The unpleasant taste and high price of seafood were barriers to using them, and the lack of public places specific to women and living in apartments, were barriers to using sunlight. The most important determinant of preventive behaviours was perceived self-efficacy. Developing an awareness program to promote best practices in pregnant women is essential to prevent vitamin D deficiency.https://doi.org/10.1186/s13690-021-00712-2Vitamin D statusKnowledgeOpinionPracticePregnancyPredictors |
| spellingShingle | Farideh Aghaei Alireza Heidarnia Hamid Allahverdipour Mohammad Eslami Saeideh Ghaffarifar Knowledge, attitude, performance, and determinant factors of Vitamin D deficiency prevention behaviours among Iranian pregnant women Archives of Public Health Vitamin D status Knowledge Opinion Practice Pregnancy Predictors |
| title | Knowledge, attitude, performance, and determinant factors of Vitamin D deficiency prevention behaviours among Iranian pregnant women |
| title_full | Knowledge, attitude, performance, and determinant factors of Vitamin D deficiency prevention behaviours among Iranian pregnant women |
| title_fullStr | Knowledge, attitude, performance, and determinant factors of Vitamin D deficiency prevention behaviours among Iranian pregnant women |
| title_full_unstemmed | Knowledge, attitude, performance, and determinant factors of Vitamin D deficiency prevention behaviours among Iranian pregnant women |
| title_short | Knowledge, attitude, performance, and determinant factors of Vitamin D deficiency prevention behaviours among Iranian pregnant women |
| title_sort | knowledge attitude performance and determinant factors of vitamin d deficiency prevention behaviours among iranian pregnant women |
| topic | Vitamin D status Knowledge Opinion Practice Pregnancy Predictors |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s13690-021-00712-2 |
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