HIV RNA/DNA Levels at Diagnosis Can Predict Immune Reconstitution: A Longitudinal Analysis
Background: HIV DNA mirrors the number of infected cells and the size of the HIV viral reservoir. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of pre-cART HIV DNA levels as a predictive marker of immune reconstitution and on the post-cART CD4 counts trends. Methods: HIV DNA was isolated from PBM...
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MDPI AG
2023-06-01
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| Series: | Microorganisms |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/11/6/1510 |
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| author | Dimitrios Basoulis Nikos Pantazis Dimitrios Paraskevis Panos Iliopoulos Martha Papadopoulou Karolina Akinosoglou Angelos Hatzakis George L. Daikos Mina Psichogiou |
| author_facet | Dimitrios Basoulis Nikos Pantazis Dimitrios Paraskevis Panos Iliopoulos Martha Papadopoulou Karolina Akinosoglou Angelos Hatzakis George L. Daikos Mina Psichogiou |
| author_sort | Dimitrios Basoulis |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background: HIV DNA mirrors the number of infected cells and the size of the HIV viral reservoir. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of pre-cART HIV DNA levels as a predictive marker of immune reconstitution and on the post-cART CD4 counts trends. Methods: HIV DNA was isolated from PBMCs and quantified by real-time PCR. Immune reconstitution was assessed up to four years. Piecewise-linear mixed models were used to describe CD4 count changes. Results: 148 people living with HIV (PLWH) were included. The highest rate of immune reconstitution was observed during the first trimester. There was a trend showing that high HIV RNA level resulted in greater increase in CD4 count, especially during the first trimester of cART (difference above vs. below median 15.1 cells/μL/month; 95% CI −1.4–31.5; <i>p</i> = 0.073). Likewise, higher HIV DNA level would predict greater CD4 increases, especially after the first trimester (difference above vs. below median 1.2 cells/μL/month; 95% CI −0.1–2.6; <i>p</i> = 0.071). Higher DNA and RNA levels combined were significantly associated with greater CD4 increase past the first trimester (difference high/high vs. low/low 2.1 cells/μL/month; 95% CI 0.3–4.0; <i>p</i> = 0.024). In multivariable analysis, lower baseline CD4 counts predicted a greater CD4 rise. Conclusions: In successfully treated PLWH, pre-cART HIV DNA and HIV RNA levels are predictors of immune reconstitution. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T02:08:25Z |
| format | Article |
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| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-2607 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T02:08:25Z |
| publishDate | 2023-06-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Microorganisms |
| spelling | doaj.art-90c38977181e4178882266094c36e6a22023-11-18T11:42:53ZengMDPI AGMicroorganisms2076-26072023-06-01116151010.3390/microorganisms11061510HIV RNA/DNA Levels at Diagnosis Can Predict Immune Reconstitution: A Longitudinal AnalysisDimitrios Basoulis0Nikos Pantazis1Dimitrios Paraskevis2Panos Iliopoulos3Martha Papadopoulou4Karolina Akinosoglou5Angelos Hatzakis6George L. Daikos7Mina Psichogiou81st Department of Internal Medicine, Laiko General Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, GreeceDepartment of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, GreeceDepartment of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, GreeceDepartment of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece1st Department of Internal Medicine, Laiko General Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, GreeceDepartment of Internal Medicine and Infectious Diseases, University General Hospital of Patras, Medical School, University of Patras, 26504 Patras, GreeceDepartment of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece1st Department of Internal Medicine, Laiko General Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece1st Department of Internal Medicine, Laiko General Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, GreeceBackground: HIV DNA mirrors the number of infected cells and the size of the HIV viral reservoir. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of pre-cART HIV DNA levels as a predictive marker of immune reconstitution and on the post-cART CD4 counts trends. Methods: HIV DNA was isolated from PBMCs and quantified by real-time PCR. Immune reconstitution was assessed up to four years. Piecewise-linear mixed models were used to describe CD4 count changes. Results: 148 people living with HIV (PLWH) were included. The highest rate of immune reconstitution was observed during the first trimester. There was a trend showing that high HIV RNA level resulted in greater increase in CD4 count, especially during the first trimester of cART (difference above vs. below median 15.1 cells/μL/month; 95% CI −1.4–31.5; <i>p</i> = 0.073). Likewise, higher HIV DNA level would predict greater CD4 increases, especially after the first trimester (difference above vs. below median 1.2 cells/μL/month; 95% CI −0.1–2.6; <i>p</i> = 0.071). Higher DNA and RNA levels combined were significantly associated with greater CD4 increase past the first trimester (difference high/high vs. low/low 2.1 cells/μL/month; 95% CI 0.3–4.0; <i>p</i> = 0.024). In multivariable analysis, lower baseline CD4 counts predicted a greater CD4 rise. Conclusions: In successfully treated PLWH, pre-cART HIV DNA and HIV RNA levels are predictors of immune reconstitution.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/11/6/1510HIV DNAimmune reconstitutionviral latency |
| spellingShingle | Dimitrios Basoulis Nikos Pantazis Dimitrios Paraskevis Panos Iliopoulos Martha Papadopoulou Karolina Akinosoglou Angelos Hatzakis George L. Daikos Mina Psichogiou HIV RNA/DNA Levels at Diagnosis Can Predict Immune Reconstitution: A Longitudinal Analysis Microorganisms HIV DNA immune reconstitution viral latency |
| title | HIV RNA/DNA Levels at Diagnosis Can Predict Immune Reconstitution: A Longitudinal Analysis |
| title_full | HIV RNA/DNA Levels at Diagnosis Can Predict Immune Reconstitution: A Longitudinal Analysis |
| title_fullStr | HIV RNA/DNA Levels at Diagnosis Can Predict Immune Reconstitution: A Longitudinal Analysis |
| title_full_unstemmed | HIV RNA/DNA Levels at Diagnosis Can Predict Immune Reconstitution: A Longitudinal Analysis |
| title_short | HIV RNA/DNA Levels at Diagnosis Can Predict Immune Reconstitution: A Longitudinal Analysis |
| title_sort | hiv rna dna levels at diagnosis can predict immune reconstitution a longitudinal analysis |
| topic | HIV DNA immune reconstitution viral latency |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/11/6/1510 |
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