Physiological and life history responses in a mayfly (Callibaetis floridanus) inhabiting ponds with saltwater intrusion
Freshwater salinity varies in natural systems and plays a role in species distribution. Anthropogenic alterations to freshwater salinity regimes include sea level rise and subsequent intrusion of saline waters to inland habitats. While mayflies are generalized to be sensitive to increasing salinity,...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2023-03-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fevo.2023.1135924/full |
| _version_ | 1797855012844470272 |
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| author | Jamie K. Cochran David H. Funk David B. Buchwalter |
| author_facet | Jamie K. Cochran David H. Funk David B. Buchwalter |
| author_sort | Jamie K. Cochran |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Freshwater salinity varies in natural systems and plays a role in species distribution. Anthropogenic alterations to freshwater salinity regimes include sea level rise and subsequent intrusion of saline waters to inland habitats. While mayflies are generalized to be sensitive to increasing salinity, we still know remarkably little about the physiological processes (and their plasticity) that determine the performance of species in a changing world. Here, we explored life-history outcomes and physiological plasticity in a population of Callibaetis floridanus (Ephemeroptera: Baetidae) from a coastal pond that routinely experiences saltwater intrusion. We reared naiads from egg hatch to adulthood across a gradient of increasing salinities (113, 5,020, 9,921 μS/cm). Radiotracer flux studies (22Na, 35SO4, and 45Ca) were conducted in naiads reared at each salinity, revealing a positive association between ionic concentration and uptake rates. However, the influence of rearing history on ionic influx rates was apparent when naiads were transferred from their respective rearing water to the other experimental conditions. For example, we observed that naiads reared in the low salinity treatment (113 μS/cm) had 10.8-fold higher Na uptake rates than naiads reared at 9,921 μS/cm and transferred to 113 μS/cm. Additionally, naiads acclimated to the higher salinity water exhibited reduced uptake in ion-rich water relative to those reared in more dilute conditions (e.g., in 9,921 μS/cm water, 113 and 5,020 μS/cm acclimated naiads had 1.5- and 1.1-fold higher Na uptake rates than 9,921 μS/cm acclimated naiads, respectively). We found no significant changes in survival (80 ± 4.4%, mean ± s.e.m.) or naiad development time (24 ± 0.3 days, mean ± s.e.m.) across these treatments but did observe a 27% decrease in subimago female body weight in the most dilute condition. This reduction in female weight was associated with higher oxygen consumption rates in naiads relative to the other rearing conditions. Collectively, these data suggests that saline adapted C. floridanus may be more energetically challenged in dilute conditions, which differs from previous observations in other mayfly species. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-09T20:15:32Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-90c6aa3f871347b193f04182aeb85b88 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2296-701X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-09T20:15:32Z |
| publishDate | 2023-03-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
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| series | Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution |
| spelling | doaj.art-90c6aa3f871347b193f04182aeb85b882023-03-31T08:37:16ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution2296-701X2023-03-011110.3389/fevo.2023.11359241135924Physiological and life history responses in a mayfly (Callibaetis floridanus) inhabiting ponds with saltwater intrusionJamie K. Cochran0David H. Funk1David B. Buchwalter2Department of Biological Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, United StatesStroud Water Research Center, Avondale, PA, United StatesDepartment of Biological Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, United StatesFreshwater salinity varies in natural systems and plays a role in species distribution. Anthropogenic alterations to freshwater salinity regimes include sea level rise and subsequent intrusion of saline waters to inland habitats. While mayflies are generalized to be sensitive to increasing salinity, we still know remarkably little about the physiological processes (and their plasticity) that determine the performance of species in a changing world. Here, we explored life-history outcomes and physiological plasticity in a population of Callibaetis floridanus (Ephemeroptera: Baetidae) from a coastal pond that routinely experiences saltwater intrusion. We reared naiads from egg hatch to adulthood across a gradient of increasing salinities (113, 5,020, 9,921 μS/cm). Radiotracer flux studies (22Na, 35SO4, and 45Ca) were conducted in naiads reared at each salinity, revealing a positive association between ionic concentration and uptake rates. However, the influence of rearing history on ionic influx rates was apparent when naiads were transferred from their respective rearing water to the other experimental conditions. For example, we observed that naiads reared in the low salinity treatment (113 μS/cm) had 10.8-fold higher Na uptake rates than naiads reared at 9,921 μS/cm and transferred to 113 μS/cm. Additionally, naiads acclimated to the higher salinity water exhibited reduced uptake in ion-rich water relative to those reared in more dilute conditions (e.g., in 9,921 μS/cm water, 113 and 5,020 μS/cm acclimated naiads had 1.5- and 1.1-fold higher Na uptake rates than 9,921 μS/cm acclimated naiads, respectively). We found no significant changes in survival (80 ± 4.4%, mean ± s.e.m.) or naiad development time (24 ± 0.3 days, mean ± s.e.m.) across these treatments but did observe a 27% decrease in subimago female body weight in the most dilute condition. This reduction in female weight was associated with higher oxygen consumption rates in naiads relative to the other rearing conditions. Collectively, these data suggests that saline adapted C. floridanus may be more energetically challenged in dilute conditions, which differs from previous observations in other mayfly species.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fevo.2023.1135924/fullmayflysaline adaptationion fluxessaltwater intrusionplasticity |
| spellingShingle | Jamie K. Cochran David H. Funk David B. Buchwalter Physiological and life history responses in a mayfly (Callibaetis floridanus) inhabiting ponds with saltwater intrusion Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution mayfly saline adaptation ion fluxes saltwater intrusion plasticity |
| title | Physiological and life history responses in a mayfly (Callibaetis floridanus) inhabiting ponds with saltwater intrusion |
| title_full | Physiological and life history responses in a mayfly (Callibaetis floridanus) inhabiting ponds with saltwater intrusion |
| title_fullStr | Physiological and life history responses in a mayfly (Callibaetis floridanus) inhabiting ponds with saltwater intrusion |
| title_full_unstemmed | Physiological and life history responses in a mayfly (Callibaetis floridanus) inhabiting ponds with saltwater intrusion |
| title_short | Physiological and life history responses in a mayfly (Callibaetis floridanus) inhabiting ponds with saltwater intrusion |
| title_sort | physiological and life history responses in a mayfly callibaetis floridanus inhabiting ponds with saltwater intrusion |
| topic | mayfly saline adaptation ion fluxes saltwater intrusion plasticity |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fevo.2023.1135924/full |
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