Impact of Temperature on the Bioactive Compound Content of Aqueous Extracts of <i>Humulus lupulus</i> L. with Different Alpha and Beta Acid Content: A New Potential Antifungal Alternative
Hops contain a wide variety of polyphenolic compounds with diverse antimicrobial properties. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of temperature on the bioactive components of samples of aqueous extracts of hops with different characteristics. A central compound rotating design model was used in...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2023-02-01
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| Series: | Microbiology Research |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2036-7481/14/1/17 |
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| author | Ulin A. Basilio-Cortes Olivia Tzintzun-Camacho Onecimo Grimaldo-Juárez Dagoberto Durán-Hernández Adabella Suarez-Vargas Carlos Ceceña Durán Alexis Salazar-Navarro Luis A. González-Anguiano Daniel González-Mendoza |
| author_facet | Ulin A. Basilio-Cortes Olivia Tzintzun-Camacho Onecimo Grimaldo-Juárez Dagoberto Durán-Hernández Adabella Suarez-Vargas Carlos Ceceña Durán Alexis Salazar-Navarro Luis A. González-Anguiano Daniel González-Mendoza |
| author_sort | Ulin A. Basilio-Cortes |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Hops contain a wide variety of polyphenolic compounds with diverse antimicrobial properties. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of temperature on the bioactive components of samples of aqueous extracts of hops with different characteristics. A central compound rotating design model was used in order to obtain optimal conditions of temperature and extract concentration to inhibit <i>Fusarium oxysporum</i> and <i>Alternaria solani</i>. At intermediate temperatures according to the design of experiments, significant effects on antifungal activity were observed. The optimal conditions with antifungal activity were at a concentration of 160 mg/mL and a temperature of 65 °C to obtain mycelial diameters ≤ 25 mm. The bioactive compounds were shown in the FT-IR spectrum after each heat treatment of both samples; significant changes were observed in the bands between 2786 to 3600 cm<sup>−1</sup> and 1022 to 1729 cm<sup>−1</sup>. The content of total phenols and flavonoids showed a concentration increase of 4.54 to 6.24 mg GAE/g and 6.21 to 8.12 mg QE/g from an initial evaluation temperature of 25 °C to 57.5 °C, respectively, benefited by the heating temperature, enhancing antifungal activity. However, when increasing the temperature ≥90 °C, a tendency to decrease the concentration of bioactive compounds was observed, probably due to their denaturation due to the effect of temperature and exposure time, being non-thermolabile compounds at high temperatures. These aqueous extracts are an alternative to effective natural antifungals. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T06:10:31Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-90c788ae66414d8d8940c3de0db87900 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2036-7481 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T06:10:31Z |
| publishDate | 2023-02-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Microbiology Research |
| spelling | doaj.art-90c788ae66414d8d8940c3de0db879002023-11-17T12:41:23ZengMDPI AGMicrobiology Research2036-74812023-02-0114120521710.3390/microbiolres14010017Impact of Temperature on the Bioactive Compound Content of Aqueous Extracts of <i>Humulus lupulus</i> L. with Different Alpha and Beta Acid Content: A New Potential Antifungal AlternativeUlin A. Basilio-Cortes0Olivia Tzintzun-Camacho1Onecimo Grimaldo-Juárez2Dagoberto Durán-Hernández3Adabella Suarez-Vargas4Carlos Ceceña Durán5Alexis Salazar-Navarro6Luis A. González-Anguiano7Daniel González-Mendoza8Instituto de Ciencias Agrícolas, Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, Carretera a Delta, Ejido Nuevo León s/n, Mexicali 21705, Baja California, MexicoInstituto de Ciencias Agrícolas, Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, Carretera a Delta, Ejido Nuevo León s/n, Mexicali 21705, Baja California, MexicoInstituto de Ciencias Agrícolas, Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, Carretera a Delta, Ejido Nuevo León s/n, Mexicali 21705, Baja California, MexicoInstituto de Ciencias Agrícolas, Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, Carretera a Delta, Ejido Nuevo León s/n, Mexicali 21705, Baja California, MexicoAgro-Biotecnological Department, Universidad Tecnológica de Mineral de la Reforma, Camino Providencia—La Calera, No. 1000, Col. Paseos de Chavarría, Chavarria 42186, Hidalgo, MexicoInstituto de Ciencias Agrícolas, Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, Carretera a Delta, Ejido Nuevo León s/n, Mexicali 21705, Baja California, MexicoInstituto de Ciencias Agrícolas, Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, Carretera a Delta, Ejido Nuevo León s/n, Mexicali 21705, Baja California, MexicoInstituto de Ciencias Agrícolas, Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, Carretera a Delta, Ejido Nuevo León s/n, Mexicali 21705, Baja California, MexicoInstituto de Ciencias Agrícolas, Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, Carretera a Delta, Ejido Nuevo León s/n, Mexicali 21705, Baja California, MexicoHops contain a wide variety of polyphenolic compounds with diverse antimicrobial properties. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of temperature on the bioactive components of samples of aqueous extracts of hops with different characteristics. A central compound rotating design model was used in order to obtain optimal conditions of temperature and extract concentration to inhibit <i>Fusarium oxysporum</i> and <i>Alternaria solani</i>. At intermediate temperatures according to the design of experiments, significant effects on antifungal activity were observed. The optimal conditions with antifungal activity were at a concentration of 160 mg/mL and a temperature of 65 °C to obtain mycelial diameters ≤ 25 mm. The bioactive compounds were shown in the FT-IR spectrum after each heat treatment of both samples; significant changes were observed in the bands between 2786 to 3600 cm<sup>−1</sup> and 1022 to 1729 cm<sup>−1</sup>. The content of total phenols and flavonoids showed a concentration increase of 4.54 to 6.24 mg GAE/g and 6.21 to 8.12 mg QE/g from an initial evaluation temperature of 25 °C to 57.5 °C, respectively, benefited by the heating temperature, enhancing antifungal activity. However, when increasing the temperature ≥90 °C, a tendency to decrease the concentration of bioactive compounds was observed, probably due to their denaturation due to the effect of temperature and exposure time, being non-thermolabile compounds at high temperatures. These aqueous extracts are an alternative to effective natural antifungals.https://www.mdpi.com/2036-7481/14/1/17<i>Humulus lupulus</i> L.FT-IRantifungal activityaqueous extractoptimization |
| spellingShingle | Ulin A. Basilio-Cortes Olivia Tzintzun-Camacho Onecimo Grimaldo-Juárez Dagoberto Durán-Hernández Adabella Suarez-Vargas Carlos Ceceña Durán Alexis Salazar-Navarro Luis A. González-Anguiano Daniel González-Mendoza Impact of Temperature on the Bioactive Compound Content of Aqueous Extracts of <i>Humulus lupulus</i> L. with Different Alpha and Beta Acid Content: A New Potential Antifungal Alternative Microbiology Research <i>Humulus lupulus</i> L. FT-IR antifungal activity aqueous extract optimization |
| title | Impact of Temperature on the Bioactive Compound Content of Aqueous Extracts of <i>Humulus lupulus</i> L. with Different Alpha and Beta Acid Content: A New Potential Antifungal Alternative |
| title_full | Impact of Temperature on the Bioactive Compound Content of Aqueous Extracts of <i>Humulus lupulus</i> L. with Different Alpha and Beta Acid Content: A New Potential Antifungal Alternative |
| title_fullStr | Impact of Temperature on the Bioactive Compound Content of Aqueous Extracts of <i>Humulus lupulus</i> L. with Different Alpha and Beta Acid Content: A New Potential Antifungal Alternative |
| title_full_unstemmed | Impact of Temperature on the Bioactive Compound Content of Aqueous Extracts of <i>Humulus lupulus</i> L. with Different Alpha and Beta Acid Content: A New Potential Antifungal Alternative |
| title_short | Impact of Temperature on the Bioactive Compound Content of Aqueous Extracts of <i>Humulus lupulus</i> L. with Different Alpha and Beta Acid Content: A New Potential Antifungal Alternative |
| title_sort | impact of temperature on the bioactive compound content of aqueous extracts of i humulus lupulus i l with different alpha and beta acid content a new potential antifungal alternative |
| topic | <i>Humulus lupulus</i> L. FT-IR antifungal activity aqueous extract optimization |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2036-7481/14/1/17 |
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