Cytological, hormonal, and ovarian hemodynamic alteration during the normal oestrus and split heat cycles in bitches
Hormonal levels, particularly progesterone (P4), could be used to predict the day of luteinizing hormone (LH) surge, which is important not only for optimum ovulation but also for the detection of some abnormalities such as split heat. This study aimed to determine cytological, hormonal, and ovaria...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Assiut University
2024-02-01
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| Series: | Journal of Advanced Veterinary Research |
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| Online Access: | https://advetresearch.com/index.php/AVR/article/view/1564 |
| _version_ | 1797295750442385408 |
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| author | Asmaa A. Abdallah Elshymaa A. Abdelnaby Said Amin Hossam R. El-Sherbiny Ibrahim A. Emam Fatma M. Ibrahim |
| author_facet | Asmaa A. Abdallah Elshymaa A. Abdelnaby Said Amin Hossam R. El-Sherbiny Ibrahim A. Emam Fatma M. Ibrahim |
| author_sort | Asmaa A. Abdallah |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description |
Hormonal levels, particularly progesterone (P4), could be used to predict the day of luteinizing hormone (LH) surge, which is important not only for optimum ovulation but also for the detection of some abnormalities such as split heat. This study aimed to determine cytological, hormonal, and ovarian vascularity changes in normal cyclic and split heat bitches during proestrus and estrous phases. Pluriparous females (n=40) were categorized into two groups as follows: Group A (n=35; with a normal sequence of oestrus cycle) and Group B (n=5; split heat females with a short duration of proestrus). Doppler and hormonal assessments were performed daily from day 0 until day 15. Compared to Group B, both ovarian arteries (OA) Doppler indices decreased in Group A, with the most significant decline occurring between days 7 and 12. While peak velocity (PSV; cm/sec) was elevated in Group A compared to its value in Group B. In Group A, estradiol (E2) levels were higher (P 0.05) than in Group B, with the most significant increase observed between days 7-12. Group A showed an increase in nitric oxide (NO) from days 8 to 12 with no change in split heat bitches (P<0.05). P4 levels were slightly elevated (P<0.05) until they reached 3.5±0.09 and 8.25±0.22 ng/ml on days 10 and 15, respectively. Nevertheless, bitches showed split heat in Group B, P4 level was low. In Group A, IGF-1 levels were elevated in the proestrus phase until day 9 (155.32±5.26) and in the estrous phase until day 15 (175.56±3.66) compared to other groups. In Group B, the dominance of small intermediate cells and RBCs on all days remained unchanged on all days, in contrast to Group A, where cornified cells began to dominate on day 15. In conclusion, these data suggested that the evaluation of ovarian hemodynamics, in addition to hormonal and cytological assessments, could be critical parameters not only for the optimum ovulation prediction by progesterone assay related to LH but also for the detection of any abnormalities such as split heat or irregular estrous interval.
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| first_indexed | 2024-03-07T21:52:29Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-90e5059110d94fc6a9e75d4223fdc5a3 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2090-6269 2090-6277 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-07T21:52:29Z |
| publishDate | 2024-02-01 |
| publisher | Assiut University |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Advanced Veterinary Research |
| spelling | doaj.art-90e5059110d94fc6a9e75d4223fdc5a32024-02-25T05:01:24ZengAssiut UniversityJournal of Advanced Veterinary Research2090-62692090-62772024-02-01142Cytological, hormonal, and ovarian hemodynamic alteration during the normal oestrus and split heat cycles in bitchesAsmaa A. Abdallah0Elshymaa A. Abdelnaby1Said Amin2Hossam R. El-Sherbiny3Ibrahim A. Emam4Fatma M. Ibrahim5Theriogenology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt.Theriogenology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza 12211, Egypt.Theriogenology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt.Theriogenology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza 12211, Egypt.Department of Surgery, and Radiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt.Theriogenology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt. Hormonal levels, particularly progesterone (P4), could be used to predict the day of luteinizing hormone (LH) surge, which is important not only for optimum ovulation but also for the detection of some abnormalities such as split heat. This study aimed to determine cytological, hormonal, and ovarian vascularity changes in normal cyclic and split heat bitches during proestrus and estrous phases. Pluriparous females (n=40) were categorized into two groups as follows: Group A (n=35; with a normal sequence of oestrus cycle) and Group B (n=5; split heat females with a short duration of proestrus). Doppler and hormonal assessments were performed daily from day 0 until day 15. Compared to Group B, both ovarian arteries (OA) Doppler indices decreased in Group A, with the most significant decline occurring between days 7 and 12. While peak velocity (PSV; cm/sec) was elevated in Group A compared to its value in Group B. In Group A, estradiol (E2) levels were higher (P 0.05) than in Group B, with the most significant increase observed between days 7-12. Group A showed an increase in nitric oxide (NO) from days 8 to 12 with no change in split heat bitches (P<0.05). P4 levels were slightly elevated (P<0.05) until they reached 3.5±0.09 and 8.25±0.22 ng/ml on days 10 and 15, respectively. Nevertheless, bitches showed split heat in Group B, P4 level was low. In Group A, IGF-1 levels were elevated in the proestrus phase until day 9 (155.32±5.26) and in the estrous phase until day 15 (175.56±3.66) compared to other groups. In Group B, the dominance of small intermediate cells and RBCs on all days remained unchanged on all days, in contrast to Group A, where cornified cells began to dominate on day 15. In conclusion, these data suggested that the evaluation of ovarian hemodynamics, in addition to hormonal and cytological assessments, could be critical parameters not only for the optimum ovulation prediction by progesterone assay related to LH but also for the detection of any abnormalities such as split heat or irregular estrous interval. https://advetresearch.com/index.php/AVR/article/view/1564Canine Doppler Split heat Female fertility Reproductive hormones |
| spellingShingle | Asmaa A. Abdallah Elshymaa A. Abdelnaby Said Amin Hossam R. El-Sherbiny Ibrahim A. Emam Fatma M. Ibrahim Cytological, hormonal, and ovarian hemodynamic alteration during the normal oestrus and split heat cycles in bitches Journal of Advanced Veterinary Research Canine Doppler Split heat Female fertility Reproductive hormones |
| title | Cytological, hormonal, and ovarian hemodynamic alteration during the normal oestrus and split heat cycles in bitches |
| title_full | Cytological, hormonal, and ovarian hemodynamic alteration during the normal oestrus and split heat cycles in bitches |
| title_fullStr | Cytological, hormonal, and ovarian hemodynamic alteration during the normal oestrus and split heat cycles in bitches |
| title_full_unstemmed | Cytological, hormonal, and ovarian hemodynamic alteration during the normal oestrus and split heat cycles in bitches |
| title_short | Cytological, hormonal, and ovarian hemodynamic alteration during the normal oestrus and split heat cycles in bitches |
| title_sort | cytological hormonal and ovarian hemodynamic alteration during the normal oestrus and split heat cycles in bitches |
| topic | Canine Doppler Split heat Female fertility Reproductive hormones |
| url | https://advetresearch.com/index.php/AVR/article/view/1564 |
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