Tellurium Corrosion of Type 304/304L Stainless Steel, Iron, Chromium, and Nickel in High-Temperature Liquid Sodium
Investigating tellurium (Te) corrosion on structural materials is crucial for sodium-cooled fast reactors (SFRs) due to radionuclide presence and knowledge gaps. In this study, Type 304/304L stainless steel (SS304), chromium (Cr), iron (Fe), and nickel (Ni) samples were immersed in low-oxygen enviro...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2023-10-01
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/16/20/6798 |
| _version_ | 1797573098999906304 |
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| author | Yi Xie |
| author_facet | Yi Xie |
| author_sort | Yi Xie |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Investigating tellurium (Te) corrosion on structural materials is crucial for sodium-cooled fast reactors (SFRs) due to radionuclide presence and knowledge gaps. In this study, Type 304/304L stainless steel (SS304), chromium (Cr), iron (Fe), and nickel (Ni) samples were immersed in low-oxygen environments with Te in liquid sodium at 773 K for 30 days. At 10 ppm oxygen, SS304 showed multiple oxide layers, including a compact NaCrO<sub>2</sub> interlayer and porous Na-Fe-Ni-O outer layers. Tellurium penetrated through the porous layers but was hindered by the NaCrO<sub>2</sub> interlayer. At 0.01 ppm oxygen, Cr had no oxide layer, while Fe and Ni had unstable ones. Tellurium-induced pitting was deeper in Fe and Ni compared to Cr. Oxygen levels and Cr composition are critical factors affecting stable oxide compound layer formation and mitigating Te-induced pitting. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T21:05:55Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-90fe58e8386548a293b6db5912e640e6 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1996-1944 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T21:05:55Z |
| publishDate | 2023-10-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Materials |
| spelling | doaj.art-90fe58e8386548a293b6db5912e640e62023-11-19T17:12:31ZengMDPI AGMaterials1996-19442023-10-011620679810.3390/ma16206798Tellurium Corrosion of Type 304/304L Stainless Steel, Iron, Chromium, and Nickel in High-Temperature Liquid SodiumYi Xie0School of Nuclear Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USAInvestigating tellurium (Te) corrosion on structural materials is crucial for sodium-cooled fast reactors (SFRs) due to radionuclide presence and knowledge gaps. In this study, Type 304/304L stainless steel (SS304), chromium (Cr), iron (Fe), and nickel (Ni) samples were immersed in low-oxygen environments with Te in liquid sodium at 773 K for 30 days. At 10 ppm oxygen, SS304 showed multiple oxide layers, including a compact NaCrO<sub>2</sub> interlayer and porous Na-Fe-Ni-O outer layers. Tellurium penetrated through the porous layers but was hindered by the NaCrO<sub>2</sub> interlayer. At 0.01 ppm oxygen, Cr had no oxide layer, while Fe and Ni had unstable ones. Tellurium-induced pitting was deeper in Fe and Ni compared to Cr. Oxygen levels and Cr composition are critical factors affecting stable oxide compound layer formation and mitigating Te-induced pitting.https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/16/20/6798liquid sodiumtellurium attackstainless steelsodium-cooled nuclear reactor |
| spellingShingle | Yi Xie Tellurium Corrosion of Type 304/304L Stainless Steel, Iron, Chromium, and Nickel in High-Temperature Liquid Sodium Materials liquid sodium tellurium attack stainless steel sodium-cooled nuclear reactor |
| title | Tellurium Corrosion of Type 304/304L Stainless Steel, Iron, Chromium, and Nickel in High-Temperature Liquid Sodium |
| title_full | Tellurium Corrosion of Type 304/304L Stainless Steel, Iron, Chromium, and Nickel in High-Temperature Liquid Sodium |
| title_fullStr | Tellurium Corrosion of Type 304/304L Stainless Steel, Iron, Chromium, and Nickel in High-Temperature Liquid Sodium |
| title_full_unstemmed | Tellurium Corrosion of Type 304/304L Stainless Steel, Iron, Chromium, and Nickel in High-Temperature Liquid Sodium |
| title_short | Tellurium Corrosion of Type 304/304L Stainless Steel, Iron, Chromium, and Nickel in High-Temperature Liquid Sodium |
| title_sort | tellurium corrosion of type 304 304l stainless steel iron chromium and nickel in high temperature liquid sodium |
| topic | liquid sodium tellurium attack stainless steel sodium-cooled nuclear reactor |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/16/20/6798 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT yixie telluriumcorrosionoftype304304lstainlesssteelironchromiumandnickelinhightemperatureliquidsodium |