Analysis of Wine-Producing <em>Vitis vinifera</em> L. Biotypes, Autochthonous to Crete (Greece), Employing Ampelographic and Microsatellite Markers
<i>Vitis vinifera</i> ssp. <i>vinifera</i> (domesticated grapevine) includes thousands of cultivars, which are classified according to their main uses, as wines, fresh fruits or dried raisins and sultanas since ancient times. Evidence showed that Crete grapevine cultivars and...
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MDPI AG
2023-01-01
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| author | Evangelia V. Avramidou Ioannis Masaoutis Theodora D. Pitsoli Aliki Kapazoglou Maria Pikraki Emmanouil A. Trantas Michael Nikolantonakis Andreas G. Doulis |
| author_facet | Evangelia V. Avramidou Ioannis Masaoutis Theodora D. Pitsoli Aliki Kapazoglou Maria Pikraki Emmanouil A. Trantas Michael Nikolantonakis Andreas G. Doulis |
| author_sort | Evangelia V. Avramidou |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <i>Vitis vinifera</i> ssp. <i>vinifera</i> (domesticated grapevine) includes thousands of cultivars, which are classified according to their main uses, as wines, fresh fruits or dried raisins and sultanas since ancient times. Evidence showed that Crete grapevine cultivars and winemaking date back to 2300 BC. In this study, fifty-one genotypes belonging to seven different traditional <i>Vitis vinifera</i> cultivars, presumed autochthonous to the island of Crete, were selected for their wine-producing potential and classified by 51 ampelographic descriptors. In addition, five genotypes belonging to two non-autochthonous cultivars were included as out-group controls. Subsequently, in order to characterize genetic diversity, establish genetic relationships within and between cultivars and solve accession-labeling problems, genotypes were fingerprinted employing Simple Sequence Repeat (SSR or microsatellite) markers. Four of the autochthonous cultivars namely ‘Vidiano’, ‘Vilana’, ‘Plyto’, and ‘Moschato Spinas’ are used in the local economy for blanc (white) wine production while the rest, namely ‘Kotsifali’, ‘Liatiko’ and ‘Mantilari’ for Noir (red) wines. The two cultivars employed as out-group were ‘Moschato Samou’ and ‘Moschato Alexandrias’: both white wine producers. Ampelography-based clustering grouped the majority of genotypes along cultivar-specific clusters. All three Moschato cultivars formed a distinct clade pointing to the non-autochthonous origin of ‘Moschato Spinas’. A total of one hundred and thirteen (113) SSR alleles were amplified from thirteen (13) SSR loci, with an average number of alleles per locus equal to 10.23 revealing ample genetic polymorphism. The cumulative probability of identity was also quite high (3.389 × 10<sup>−16</sup>). The overall observed heterozygosity was 0.837 while for twenty-nine of the examined genotypes, at least one private SSR allele was detected. The majority of genotypes were grouped in cultivar-specific clusters. The results of this paper pave the way for the certification and registration of clones of some of the most important wine-producing cultivars in Crete. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T11:55:42Z |
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| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T11:55:42Z |
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| series | Life |
| spelling | doaj.art-910688e0d1234bf9b7be3b0862ec764f2023-11-30T23:09:39ZengMDPI AGLife2075-17292023-01-0113122010.3390/life13010220Analysis of Wine-Producing <em>Vitis vinifera</em> L. Biotypes, Autochthonous to Crete (Greece), Employing Ampelographic and Microsatellite MarkersEvangelia V. Avramidou0Ioannis Masaoutis1Theodora D. Pitsoli2Aliki Kapazoglou3Maria Pikraki4Emmanouil A. Trantas5Michael Nikolantonakis6Andreas G. Doulis7Hellenic Agricultural Organization ELGO “DIMITRA” (ex. NAGREF), Institute of Mediterranean Forest Ecosystems, Terma Alkmanos, Ilissia, 11528 Athens, GreeceWinery of Agrunion of Heraklion, Inatou 32, 71303 Heraklion, GreeceInstitute of Olive Tree, Subtropical Plants and Viticulture (IOSV), Department of Grapevine, Hellenic Agricultural Organization ELGO “DIMITRA” (ex. NAGREF), Lykovrissi, 14123 Athens, GreeceInstitute of Olive Tree, Subtropical Plants and Viticulture (IOSV), Department of Grapevine, Hellenic Agricultural Organization ELGO “DIMITRA” (ex. NAGREF), Lykovrissi, 14123 Athens, GreeceInstitute of Olive Tree, Subtropical Plants and Viticulture (IOSV), Laboratory of Plant Biotechnology & Genomic Resources, Hellenic Agricultural Organization ELGO “DIMITRA” (ex. NAGREF), Kastorias 32A, 71307 Heraklion, GreeceDepartment of Agriculture, Laboratory of Biological and Biotechnological Applications, Hellenic Mediterranean University, 73133 Heraklion, GreeceInstitute of Olive Tree, Subtropical Plants and Viticulture (IOSV), Laboratory of Plant Biotechnology & Genomic Resources, Hellenic Agricultural Organization ELGO “DIMITRA” (ex. NAGREF), Kastorias 32A, 71307 Heraklion, GreeceInstitute of Olive Tree, Subtropical Plants and Viticulture (IOSV), Laboratory of Plant Biotechnology & Genomic Resources, Hellenic Agricultural Organization ELGO “DIMITRA” (ex. NAGREF), Kastorias 32A, 71307 Heraklion, Greece<i>Vitis vinifera</i> ssp. <i>vinifera</i> (domesticated grapevine) includes thousands of cultivars, which are classified according to their main uses, as wines, fresh fruits or dried raisins and sultanas since ancient times. Evidence showed that Crete grapevine cultivars and winemaking date back to 2300 BC. In this study, fifty-one genotypes belonging to seven different traditional <i>Vitis vinifera</i> cultivars, presumed autochthonous to the island of Crete, were selected for their wine-producing potential and classified by 51 ampelographic descriptors. In addition, five genotypes belonging to two non-autochthonous cultivars were included as out-group controls. Subsequently, in order to characterize genetic diversity, establish genetic relationships within and between cultivars and solve accession-labeling problems, genotypes were fingerprinted employing Simple Sequence Repeat (SSR or microsatellite) markers. Four of the autochthonous cultivars namely ‘Vidiano’, ‘Vilana’, ‘Plyto’, and ‘Moschato Spinas’ are used in the local economy for blanc (white) wine production while the rest, namely ‘Kotsifali’, ‘Liatiko’ and ‘Mantilari’ for Noir (red) wines. The two cultivars employed as out-group were ‘Moschato Samou’ and ‘Moschato Alexandrias’: both white wine producers. Ampelography-based clustering grouped the majority of genotypes along cultivar-specific clusters. All three Moschato cultivars formed a distinct clade pointing to the non-autochthonous origin of ‘Moschato Spinas’. A total of one hundred and thirteen (113) SSR alleles were amplified from thirteen (13) SSR loci, with an average number of alleles per locus equal to 10.23 revealing ample genetic polymorphism. The cumulative probability of identity was also quite high (3.389 × 10<sup>−16</sup>). The overall observed heterozygosity was 0.837 while for twenty-nine of the examined genotypes, at least one private SSR allele was detected. The majority of genotypes were grouped in cultivar-specific clusters. The results of this paper pave the way for the certification and registration of clones of some of the most important wine-producing cultivars in Crete.https://www.mdpi.com/2075-1729/13/1/220<i>Vitis vinifera</i> L.SSR markersCreteampelographic descriptors |
| spellingShingle | Evangelia V. Avramidou Ioannis Masaoutis Theodora D. Pitsoli Aliki Kapazoglou Maria Pikraki Emmanouil A. Trantas Michael Nikolantonakis Andreas G. Doulis Analysis of Wine-Producing <em>Vitis vinifera</em> L. Biotypes, Autochthonous to Crete (Greece), Employing Ampelographic and Microsatellite Markers Life <i>Vitis vinifera</i> L. SSR markers Crete ampelographic descriptors |
| title | Analysis of Wine-Producing <em>Vitis vinifera</em> L. Biotypes, Autochthonous to Crete (Greece), Employing Ampelographic and Microsatellite Markers |
| title_full | Analysis of Wine-Producing <em>Vitis vinifera</em> L. Biotypes, Autochthonous to Crete (Greece), Employing Ampelographic and Microsatellite Markers |
| title_fullStr | Analysis of Wine-Producing <em>Vitis vinifera</em> L. Biotypes, Autochthonous to Crete (Greece), Employing Ampelographic and Microsatellite Markers |
| title_full_unstemmed | Analysis of Wine-Producing <em>Vitis vinifera</em> L. Biotypes, Autochthonous to Crete (Greece), Employing Ampelographic and Microsatellite Markers |
| title_short | Analysis of Wine-Producing <em>Vitis vinifera</em> L. Biotypes, Autochthonous to Crete (Greece), Employing Ampelographic and Microsatellite Markers |
| title_sort | analysis of wine producing em vitis vinifera em l biotypes autochthonous to crete greece employing ampelographic and microsatellite markers |
| topic | <i>Vitis vinifera</i> L. SSR markers Crete ampelographic descriptors |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-1729/13/1/220 |
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