Undernutrition is feeding the tuberculosis pandemic: A perspective
Tuberculosis (TB) is a major cause of death worldwide, with 1.5 million deaths in 2020. While TB incidence and mortality had previously been on a downwards trend, in 2020, TB mortality actually rose for the first time in a decade, largely due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Undernutrition is the leading r...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2022-05-01
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| Series: | Journal of Clinical Tuberculosis and Other Mycobacterial Diseases |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S240557942200016X |
| _version_ | 1818242477774077952 |
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| author | Madeline E. Carwile Natasha S. Hochberg Pranay Sinha |
| author_facet | Madeline E. Carwile Natasha S. Hochberg Pranay Sinha |
| author_sort | Madeline E. Carwile |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Tuberculosis (TB) is a major cause of death worldwide, with 1.5 million deaths in 2020. While TB incidence and mortality had previously been on a downwards trend, in 2020, TB mortality actually rose for the first time in a decade, largely due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Undernutrition is the leading risk factor for TB, with a population attributable fraction (PAF) of 15%, compared to 7.6% for HIV. Individuals who are undernourished are more likely to develop active TB compared to those with a healthy bodyweight. They are also more likely to have greater severity of TB, and less likely to have successful TB treatment outcomes. The likelihood of TB mortality significantly increases as weight decreases. Nutritional interventions are likely to improve both nutritional status and TB treatment success, thereby decreasing TB mortality. However, many previous studies focusing on nutritional interventions have provided insufficient calories or been underpowered. Nutritional supplementation will be particularly important as factors such as the COVID-19 pandemic, climate change, and political conflict further threaten food security. The global TB elimination effort can no longer afford to ignore undernutrition. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-12T13:45:52Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-910ecb44bf734428a2be90e8c5a15641 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2405-5794 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-12T13:45:52Z |
| publishDate | 2022-05-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Clinical Tuberculosis and Other Mycobacterial Diseases |
| spelling | doaj.art-910ecb44bf734428a2be90e8c5a156412022-12-22T00:22:41ZengElsevierJournal of Clinical Tuberculosis and Other Mycobacterial Diseases2405-57942022-05-0127100311Undernutrition is feeding the tuberculosis pandemic: A perspectiveMadeline E. Carwile0Natasha S. Hochberg1Pranay Sinha2Section of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA; Corresponding author at: Internal Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA.Section of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA; Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Epidemiology, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USASection of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA; Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA, USATuberculosis (TB) is a major cause of death worldwide, with 1.5 million deaths in 2020. While TB incidence and mortality had previously been on a downwards trend, in 2020, TB mortality actually rose for the first time in a decade, largely due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Undernutrition is the leading risk factor for TB, with a population attributable fraction (PAF) of 15%, compared to 7.6% for HIV. Individuals who are undernourished are more likely to develop active TB compared to those with a healthy bodyweight. They are also more likely to have greater severity of TB, and less likely to have successful TB treatment outcomes. The likelihood of TB mortality significantly increases as weight decreases. Nutritional interventions are likely to improve both nutritional status and TB treatment success, thereby decreasing TB mortality. However, many previous studies focusing on nutritional interventions have provided insufficient calories or been underpowered. Nutritional supplementation will be particularly important as factors such as the COVID-19 pandemic, climate change, and political conflict further threaten food security. The global TB elimination effort can no longer afford to ignore undernutrition.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S240557942200016XTuberculosisUndernutritionBMINutritional interventions |
| spellingShingle | Madeline E. Carwile Natasha S. Hochberg Pranay Sinha Undernutrition is feeding the tuberculosis pandemic: A perspective Journal of Clinical Tuberculosis and Other Mycobacterial Diseases Tuberculosis Undernutrition BMI Nutritional interventions |
| title | Undernutrition is feeding the tuberculosis pandemic: A perspective |
| title_full | Undernutrition is feeding the tuberculosis pandemic: A perspective |
| title_fullStr | Undernutrition is feeding the tuberculosis pandemic: A perspective |
| title_full_unstemmed | Undernutrition is feeding the tuberculosis pandemic: A perspective |
| title_short | Undernutrition is feeding the tuberculosis pandemic: A perspective |
| title_sort | undernutrition is feeding the tuberculosis pandemic a perspective |
| topic | Tuberculosis Undernutrition BMI Nutritional interventions |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S240557942200016X |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT madelineecarwile undernutritionisfeedingthetuberculosispandemicaperspective AT natashashochberg undernutritionisfeedingthetuberculosispandemicaperspective AT pranaysinha undernutritionisfeedingthetuberculosispandemicaperspective |