AKSF1 Isolated From the Rice-Virulent Strain Acidovorax avenae K1 Is a Novel Effector That Suppresses PAMP-Triggered Immunity in Rice
Microbial pathogens deliver effectors into plant cells to suppress plant immune responses and modulate host metabolism in order to support infection processes. We sought to determine if the Acidovorax avenae rice-virulent K1 strain can suppress pathogen-associated molecular pattern–triggered immunit...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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The American Phytopathological Society
2021-01-01
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| Series: | Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1094/MPMI-10-20-0271-R |
| _version_ | 1818609095279640576 |
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| author | Takemasa Kawaguchi Minami Nakamura Hiroyuki Hirai Takehito Furukawa Machiko Kondo Fang-Sik Che |
| author_facet | Takemasa Kawaguchi Minami Nakamura Hiroyuki Hirai Takehito Furukawa Machiko Kondo Fang-Sik Che |
| author_sort | Takemasa Kawaguchi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Microbial pathogens deliver effectors into plant cells to suppress plant immune responses and modulate host metabolism in order to support infection processes. We sought to determine if the Acidovorax avenae rice-virulent K1 strain can suppress pathogen-associated molecular pattern–triggered immunity (PTI) induced by flagellin isolated from the rice-avirulent N1141 strain. The flagellin-triggered PTI, including H2O2 generation, callose deposition, and expression of several immune-related genes were strongly suppressed in K1 preinoculated cultured rice cells in a type III secretion system (T3SS)-dependent manner. By screening 4,562 transposon-tagged mutants based on their suppression ability, we found that 156 transposon-tagged K1 mutants lost the ability to suppress PTI induction. Mutant sequence analysis, comprehensive expression analysis using RNA sequencing, and the prediction of secretion through T3SS showed that a protein named A. avenae K1 suppression factor 1 (AKSF1) suppresses flagellin-triggered PTI in rice. Translocation of AKSF1 protein into rice cells is dependent on the T3SS during infection, an AKSF1-disruption mutant lost the ability to suppress PTI responses, and expression of AKSF1 in the AKSF1-disruption mutant complemented the suppression activity. When AKSF1-disruption mutants were inoculated into the host rice plant, reduction of the disease symptoms and suppression of bacterial growth were observed. Taken together, our results demonstrate that AKSF1 is a novel effector that can suppress the PTI in a host rice plant. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-16T14:53:05Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-9117f1a9753e481c8675bcabf68a3391 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 0894-0282 1943-7706 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-16T14:53:05Z |
| publishDate | 2021-01-01 |
| publisher | The American Phytopathological Society |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions |
| spelling | doaj.art-9117f1a9753e481c8675bcabf68a33912022-12-21T22:27:33ZengThe American Phytopathological SocietyMolecular Plant-Microbe Interactions0894-02821943-77062021-01-0134218619710.1094/MPMI-10-20-0271-RAKSF1 Isolated From the Rice-Virulent Strain Acidovorax avenae K1 Is a Novel Effector That Suppresses PAMP-Triggered Immunity in RiceTakemasa KawaguchiMinami NakamuraHiroyuki HiraiTakehito FurukawaMachiko KondoFang-Sik CheMicrobial pathogens deliver effectors into plant cells to suppress plant immune responses and modulate host metabolism in order to support infection processes. We sought to determine if the Acidovorax avenae rice-virulent K1 strain can suppress pathogen-associated molecular pattern–triggered immunity (PTI) induced by flagellin isolated from the rice-avirulent N1141 strain. The flagellin-triggered PTI, including H2O2 generation, callose deposition, and expression of several immune-related genes were strongly suppressed in K1 preinoculated cultured rice cells in a type III secretion system (T3SS)-dependent manner. By screening 4,562 transposon-tagged mutants based on their suppression ability, we found that 156 transposon-tagged K1 mutants lost the ability to suppress PTI induction. Mutant sequence analysis, comprehensive expression analysis using RNA sequencing, and the prediction of secretion through T3SS showed that a protein named A. avenae K1 suppression factor 1 (AKSF1) suppresses flagellin-triggered PTI in rice. Translocation of AKSF1 protein into rice cells is dependent on the T3SS during infection, an AKSF1-disruption mutant lost the ability to suppress PTI responses, and expression of AKSF1 in the AKSF1-disruption mutant complemented the suppression activity. When AKSF1-disruption mutants were inoculated into the host rice plant, reduction of the disease symptoms and suppression of bacterial growth were observed. Taken together, our results demonstrate that AKSF1 is a novel effector that can suppress the PTI in a host rice plant.https://doi.org/10.1094/MPMI-10-20-0271-R |
| spellingShingle | Takemasa Kawaguchi Minami Nakamura Hiroyuki Hirai Takehito Furukawa Machiko Kondo Fang-Sik Che AKSF1 Isolated From the Rice-Virulent Strain Acidovorax avenae K1 Is a Novel Effector That Suppresses PAMP-Triggered Immunity in Rice Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions |
| title | AKSF1 Isolated From the Rice-Virulent Strain Acidovorax avenae K1 Is a Novel Effector That Suppresses PAMP-Triggered Immunity in Rice |
| title_full | AKSF1 Isolated From the Rice-Virulent Strain Acidovorax avenae K1 Is a Novel Effector That Suppresses PAMP-Triggered Immunity in Rice |
| title_fullStr | AKSF1 Isolated From the Rice-Virulent Strain Acidovorax avenae K1 Is a Novel Effector That Suppresses PAMP-Triggered Immunity in Rice |
| title_full_unstemmed | AKSF1 Isolated From the Rice-Virulent Strain Acidovorax avenae K1 Is a Novel Effector That Suppresses PAMP-Triggered Immunity in Rice |
| title_short | AKSF1 Isolated From the Rice-Virulent Strain Acidovorax avenae K1 Is a Novel Effector That Suppresses PAMP-Triggered Immunity in Rice |
| title_sort | aksf1 isolated from the rice virulent strain acidovorax avenae k1 is a novel effector that suppresses pamp triggered immunity in rice |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1094/MPMI-10-20-0271-R |
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