Emerging Nano- and Micro-Technologies Used in the Treatment of Type-1 Diabetes
Type-1 diabetes is characterized by high blood glucose levels due to a failure of insulin secretion from beta cells within pancreatic islets. Current treatment strategies consist of multiple, daily injections of insulin or transplantation of either the whole pancreas or isolated pancreatic islets. W...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2020-04-01
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| Series: | Nanomaterials |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-4991/10/4/789 |
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| author | Rosita Primavera Bhavesh D Kevadiya Ganesh Swaminathan Rudilyn Joyce Wilson Angelo De Pascale Paolo Decuzzi Avnesh S Thakor |
| author_facet | Rosita Primavera Bhavesh D Kevadiya Ganesh Swaminathan Rudilyn Joyce Wilson Angelo De Pascale Paolo Decuzzi Avnesh S Thakor |
| author_sort | Rosita Primavera |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Type-1 diabetes is characterized by high blood glucose levels due to a failure of insulin secretion from beta cells within pancreatic islets. Current treatment strategies consist of multiple, daily injections of insulin or transplantation of either the whole pancreas or isolated pancreatic islets. While there are different forms of insulin with tunable pharmacokinetics (fast, intermediate, and long-acting), improper dosing continues to be a major limitation often leading to complications resulting from hyper- or hypo-glycemia. Glucose-responsive insulin delivery systems, consisting of a glucose sensor connected to an insulin infusion pump, have improved dosing but they still suffer from inaccurate feedback, biofouling and poor patient compliance. Islet transplantation is a promising strategy but requires multiple donors per patient and post-transplantation islet survival is impaired by inflammation and suboptimal revascularization. This review discusses how nano- and micro-technologies, as well as tissue engineering approaches, can overcome many of these challenges and help contribute to an artificial pancreas-like system. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T20:21:25Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-91195f58f5dd449f9bf7d8a08ce15f7b |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2079-4991 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T20:21:25Z |
| publishDate | 2020-04-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Nanomaterials |
| spelling | doaj.art-91195f58f5dd449f9bf7d8a08ce15f7b2023-11-19T22:09:43ZengMDPI AGNanomaterials2079-49912020-04-0110478910.3390/nano10040789Emerging Nano- and Micro-Technologies Used in the Treatment of Type-1 DiabetesRosita Primavera0Bhavesh D Kevadiya1Ganesh Swaminathan2Rudilyn Joyce Wilson3Angelo De Pascale4Paolo Decuzzi5Avnesh S Thakor6Interventional Regenerative Medicine and Imaging Laboratory, Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USAInterventional Regenerative Medicine and Imaging Laboratory, Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USAInterventional Regenerative Medicine and Imaging Laboratory, Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USAInterventional Regenerative Medicine and Imaging Laboratory, Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USAUnit of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine & Medical Specialist (DIMI), University of Genoa, 16163 Genoa, ItalyLaboratory of Nanotechnology for Precision Medicine, Fondazione Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, 16163 Genoa, ItalyInterventional Regenerative Medicine and Imaging Laboratory, Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA 94304, USAType-1 diabetes is characterized by high blood glucose levels due to a failure of insulin secretion from beta cells within pancreatic islets. Current treatment strategies consist of multiple, daily injections of insulin or transplantation of either the whole pancreas or isolated pancreatic islets. While there are different forms of insulin with tunable pharmacokinetics (fast, intermediate, and long-acting), improper dosing continues to be a major limitation often leading to complications resulting from hyper- or hypo-glycemia. Glucose-responsive insulin delivery systems, consisting of a glucose sensor connected to an insulin infusion pump, have improved dosing but they still suffer from inaccurate feedback, biofouling and poor patient compliance. Islet transplantation is a promising strategy but requires multiple donors per patient and post-transplantation islet survival is impaired by inflammation and suboptimal revascularization. This review discusses how nano- and micro-technologies, as well as tissue engineering approaches, can overcome many of these challenges and help contribute to an artificial pancreas-like system.https://www.mdpi.com/2079-4991/10/4/789diabetesglucose sensornanoparticlesmicroparticlestissue engineering |
| spellingShingle | Rosita Primavera Bhavesh D Kevadiya Ganesh Swaminathan Rudilyn Joyce Wilson Angelo De Pascale Paolo Decuzzi Avnesh S Thakor Emerging Nano- and Micro-Technologies Used in the Treatment of Type-1 Diabetes Nanomaterials diabetes glucose sensor nanoparticles microparticles tissue engineering |
| title | Emerging Nano- and Micro-Technologies Used in the Treatment of Type-1 Diabetes |
| title_full | Emerging Nano- and Micro-Technologies Used in the Treatment of Type-1 Diabetes |
| title_fullStr | Emerging Nano- and Micro-Technologies Used in the Treatment of Type-1 Diabetes |
| title_full_unstemmed | Emerging Nano- and Micro-Technologies Used in the Treatment of Type-1 Diabetes |
| title_short | Emerging Nano- and Micro-Technologies Used in the Treatment of Type-1 Diabetes |
| title_sort | emerging nano and micro technologies used in the treatment of type 1 diabetes |
| topic | diabetes glucose sensor nanoparticles microparticles tissue engineering |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-4991/10/4/789 |
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