Possibility of Japanese Cedar Pollen Causing False Positives in the Deep Mycosis Test
Because Japanese cedar pollen (JCP) contains beta-1,3-<span style="font-variant: small-caps;">d</span>-glucan (BG), there is concern that its lingering presence in the atmosphere, especially during its scattering period, may cause false positives in the factor-G-based Limulus a...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2021-02-01
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| Series: | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/22/4/2135 |
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| author | Takashi Kanno Changmin Kim Daisuke Yamanaka Ken-ichi Ishibashi Hiroshi Tanaka Naohito Ohno Yoshiyuki Adachi |
| author_facet | Takashi Kanno Changmin Kim Daisuke Yamanaka Ken-ichi Ishibashi Hiroshi Tanaka Naohito Ohno Yoshiyuki Adachi |
| author_sort | Takashi Kanno |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Because Japanese cedar pollen (JCP) contains beta-1,3-<span style="font-variant: small-caps;">d</span>-glucan (BG), there is concern that its lingering presence in the atmosphere, especially during its scattering period, may cause false positives in the factor-G-based Limulus amebocyte lysate (LAL) assay used to test for deep mycosis (i.e., G-test). Hence, we examined whether the LAL assay would react positively with substances contained in JCP by using the G-test to measure JCP particles and extracts. BG was purified from the JCP extract on a BG-specific affinity column, and the percentage extractability was measured using three different BG-specific quantitative methods. The G-test detected 0.4 pg BG in a single JCP particle and 10 fg from a single particle in the extract. The percentage extractability of JCP-derived BG was not significantly different among the three quantitative methods. As the JCP particles should technically have been removed during serum separation, they should be less likely to be a direct false-positive factor. However, given that the LAL-assay-positive substances in the JCP extract were not distinguishable by the three BG-specific quantitative methods, we conclude that they may cause the background to rise. Therefore, in Japan false positives arising from JCP contamination should be considered when testing patients for deep mycosis. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T00:40:48Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-912358c6883d4e328800cb4b1a439fa7 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1661-6596 1422-0067 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T00:40:48Z |
| publishDate | 2021-02-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-912358c6883d4e328800cb4b1a439fa72023-12-11T17:52:48ZengMDPI AGInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences1661-65961422-00672021-02-01224213510.3390/ijms22042135Possibility of Japanese Cedar Pollen Causing False Positives in the Deep Mycosis TestTakashi Kanno0Changmin Kim1Daisuke Yamanaka2Ken-ichi Ishibashi3Hiroshi Tanaka4Naohito Ohno5Yoshiyuki Adachi6Laboratory for Immunopharmacology of Microbial Products, School of Pharmacy, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, 1432-1 Horinouchi Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0392, JapanLaboratory for Immunopharmacology of Microbial Products, School of Pharmacy, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, 1432-1 Horinouchi Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0392, JapanLaboratory for Immunopharmacology of Microbial Products, School of Pharmacy, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, 1432-1 Horinouchi Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0392, JapanDepartment of Host Defense and Responses, Kagawa Nutrition University, 3-9-21 Chiyoda, Sakado, Saitama 350-0288, JapanDepartment of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1-H101, Oookayama, Meguro, Tokyo 152-8552, JapanLaboratory for Immunopharmacology of Microbial Products, School of Pharmacy, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, 1432-1 Horinouchi Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0392, JapanLaboratory for Immunopharmacology of Microbial Products, School of Pharmacy, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, 1432-1 Horinouchi Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0392, JapanBecause Japanese cedar pollen (JCP) contains beta-1,3-<span style="font-variant: small-caps;">d</span>-glucan (BG), there is concern that its lingering presence in the atmosphere, especially during its scattering period, may cause false positives in the factor-G-based Limulus amebocyte lysate (LAL) assay used to test for deep mycosis (i.e., G-test). Hence, we examined whether the LAL assay would react positively with substances contained in JCP by using the G-test to measure JCP particles and extracts. BG was purified from the JCP extract on a BG-specific affinity column, and the percentage extractability was measured using three different BG-specific quantitative methods. The G-test detected 0.4 pg BG in a single JCP particle and 10 fg from a single particle in the extract. The percentage extractability of JCP-derived BG was not significantly different among the three quantitative methods. As the JCP particles should technically have been removed during serum separation, they should be less likely to be a direct false-positive factor. However, given that the LAL-assay-positive substances in the JCP extract were not distinguishable by the three BG-specific quantitative methods, we conclude that they may cause the background to rise. Therefore, in Japan false positives arising from JCP contamination should be considered when testing patients for deep mycosis.https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/22/4/2135beta-<span style="font-variant: small-caps">d</span>-glucanglucan-binding proteinLimulus amebocyte lysate assaypollen |
| spellingShingle | Takashi Kanno Changmin Kim Daisuke Yamanaka Ken-ichi Ishibashi Hiroshi Tanaka Naohito Ohno Yoshiyuki Adachi Possibility of Japanese Cedar Pollen Causing False Positives in the Deep Mycosis Test International Journal of Molecular Sciences beta-<span style="font-variant: small-caps">d</span>-glucan glucan-binding protein Limulus amebocyte lysate assay pollen |
| title | Possibility of Japanese Cedar Pollen Causing False Positives in the Deep Mycosis Test |
| title_full | Possibility of Japanese Cedar Pollen Causing False Positives in the Deep Mycosis Test |
| title_fullStr | Possibility of Japanese Cedar Pollen Causing False Positives in the Deep Mycosis Test |
| title_full_unstemmed | Possibility of Japanese Cedar Pollen Causing False Positives in the Deep Mycosis Test |
| title_short | Possibility of Japanese Cedar Pollen Causing False Positives in the Deep Mycosis Test |
| title_sort | possibility of japanese cedar pollen causing false positives in the deep mycosis test |
| topic | beta-<span style="font-variant: small-caps">d</span>-glucan glucan-binding protein Limulus amebocyte lysate assay pollen |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/22/4/2135 |
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