A Three-Dimensional Electrochemical Process for the Removal of Carbamazepine
The scientific community is increasingly concerned about the presence of pharmaceuticals in the aquatic environment, which is a consequence of their high consumption and inefficient removal by wastewater-treatment plants. The search for an effective and sustainable tertiary treatment is therefore ne...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2021-07-01
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| Series: | Applied Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/11/14/6432 |
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| author | Luísa Correia-Sá Cristina Soares Olga Matos Freitas Manuela Maria Moreira Henri Petrus Antonius Nouws Manuela Correia Paula Paíga António José Rodrigues Carlos Miguel Oliveira Sónia Adriana Figueiredo Cristina Delerue-Matos |
| author_facet | Luísa Correia-Sá Cristina Soares Olga Matos Freitas Manuela Maria Moreira Henri Petrus Antonius Nouws Manuela Correia Paula Paíga António José Rodrigues Carlos Miguel Oliveira Sónia Adriana Figueiredo Cristina Delerue-Matos |
| author_sort | Luísa Correia-Sá |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The scientific community is increasingly concerned about the presence of pharmaceuticals in the aquatic environment, which is a consequence of their high consumption and inefficient removal by wastewater-treatment plants. The search for an effective and sustainable tertiary treatment is therefore needed to enhance their removal. For this purpose, the combination of electrochemical and adsorption processes into three-dimensional (3D) electrochemical systems has been proposed. In this study, a 3D system was studied to remove carbamazepine, an antiepileptic, consumed in high doses and very persistent in the environment. The influences of the following parameters on its removal were evaluated: anode and cathode materials and distance between them, electrolyte (NaCl) concentration and pH, and the (carbon-based) adsorbent material used as the particulate electrode. The obtained results demonstrated that the introduction of the particulate electrode improved the removal efficiency. This can be attributed to the simultaneous occurrence of different phenomena, such as adsorption/electrosorption, electrocoagulation, oxidation, and catalytic degradation. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T09:47:04Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-9129cb41b39347d99882f867821a6539 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-3417 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T09:47:04Z |
| publishDate | 2021-07-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Applied Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-9129cb41b39347d99882f867821a65392023-11-22T03:09:35ZengMDPI AGApplied Sciences2076-34172021-07-011114643210.3390/app11146432A Three-Dimensional Electrochemical Process for the Removal of CarbamazepineLuísa Correia-Sá0Cristina Soares1Olga Matos Freitas2Manuela Maria Moreira3Henri Petrus Antonius Nouws4Manuela Correia5Paula Paíga6António José Rodrigues7Carlos Miguel Oliveira8Sónia Adriana Figueiredo9Cristina Delerue-Matos10REQUIMTE/LAQV, Instituto Superior de Engenharia do Porto, Politécnico do Porto, 4200-072 Porto, PortugalREQUIMTE/LAQV, Instituto Superior de Engenharia do Porto, Politécnico do Porto, 4200-072 Porto, PortugalREQUIMTE/LAQV, Instituto Superior de Engenharia do Porto, Politécnico do Porto, 4200-072 Porto, PortugalREQUIMTE/LAQV, Instituto Superior de Engenharia do Porto, Politécnico do Porto, 4200-072 Porto, PortugalREQUIMTE/LAQV, Instituto Superior de Engenharia do Porto, Politécnico do Porto, 4200-072 Porto, PortugalREQUIMTE/LAQV, Instituto Superior de Engenharia do Porto, Politécnico do Porto, 4200-072 Porto, PortugalREQUIMTE/LAQV, Instituto Superior de Engenharia do Porto, Politécnico do Porto, 4200-072 Porto, PortugalVentilAQUA, SA, Antanhol, 3040-575 Coimbra, PortugalVentilAQUA, SA, Antanhol, 3040-575 Coimbra, PortugalREQUIMTE/LAQV, Instituto Superior de Engenharia do Porto, Politécnico do Porto, 4200-072 Porto, PortugalREQUIMTE/LAQV, Instituto Superior de Engenharia do Porto, Politécnico do Porto, 4200-072 Porto, PortugalThe scientific community is increasingly concerned about the presence of pharmaceuticals in the aquatic environment, which is a consequence of their high consumption and inefficient removal by wastewater-treatment plants. The search for an effective and sustainable tertiary treatment is therefore needed to enhance their removal. For this purpose, the combination of electrochemical and adsorption processes into three-dimensional (3D) electrochemical systems has been proposed. In this study, a 3D system was studied to remove carbamazepine, an antiepileptic, consumed in high doses and very persistent in the environment. The influences of the following parameters on its removal were evaluated: anode and cathode materials and distance between them, electrolyte (NaCl) concentration and pH, and the (carbon-based) adsorbent material used as the particulate electrode. The obtained results demonstrated that the introduction of the particulate electrode improved the removal efficiency. This can be attributed to the simultaneous occurrence of different phenomena, such as adsorption/electrosorption, electrocoagulation, oxidation, and catalytic degradation.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/11/14/6432adsorptionadvanced oxidation techniquesbiocharpharmaceuticalsstainless steel cathodemixed metal oxide anode |
| spellingShingle | Luísa Correia-Sá Cristina Soares Olga Matos Freitas Manuela Maria Moreira Henri Petrus Antonius Nouws Manuela Correia Paula Paíga António José Rodrigues Carlos Miguel Oliveira Sónia Adriana Figueiredo Cristina Delerue-Matos A Three-Dimensional Electrochemical Process for the Removal of Carbamazepine Applied Sciences adsorption advanced oxidation techniques biochar pharmaceuticals stainless steel cathode mixed metal oxide anode |
| title | A Three-Dimensional Electrochemical Process for the Removal of Carbamazepine |
| title_full | A Three-Dimensional Electrochemical Process for the Removal of Carbamazepine |
| title_fullStr | A Three-Dimensional Electrochemical Process for the Removal of Carbamazepine |
| title_full_unstemmed | A Three-Dimensional Electrochemical Process for the Removal of Carbamazepine |
| title_short | A Three-Dimensional Electrochemical Process for the Removal of Carbamazepine |
| title_sort | three dimensional electrochemical process for the removal of carbamazepine |
| topic | adsorption advanced oxidation techniques biochar pharmaceuticals stainless steel cathode mixed metal oxide anode |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/11/14/6432 |
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