Mesoamerican <i>Cypripedium</i>: Mycorrhizal Contributions to Promote Their Conservation as Critically Endangered Species
In the valuable orchid genus <i>Cypripedium</i>, the section Irapeana consists of a distinctive group of Mesoamerican species that is formed by <i>Cypripedium dickinsonianum</i> Hágsater, <i>C. irapeanum</i> Lex., and <i>C. molle</i> Lindl. All lady sl...
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MDPI AG
2022-06-01
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| Series: | Plants |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/11/12/1554 |
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| author | Mauricio Moreno-Camarena María Pilar Ortega-Larrocea |
| author_facet | Mauricio Moreno-Camarena María Pilar Ortega-Larrocea |
| author_sort | Mauricio Moreno-Camarena |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | In the valuable orchid genus <i>Cypripedium</i>, the section Irapeana consists of a distinctive group of Mesoamerican species that is formed by <i>Cypripedium dickinsonianum</i> Hágsater, <i>C. irapeanum</i> Lex., and <i>C. molle</i> Lindl. All lady slipper orchids exhibit different distributions and abundances. Data analysis that used herbarium accessions and field investigations indicated that the habitats of these three species have been dramatically reduced. Prospecting for suitable habitats based on climatic, vegetation, and soil parameters allows us to predict potential distributions. Conservation strategies, such as ex situ propagation by asymbiotic and symbiotic approaches, have indicated that the culture media used are a determining factor for seedling development. Mycorrhizal isolates play a main role in the compatibility and further development of germinated seeds. The fungi isolated from adult plants belong to two different families, which makes it possible that widely distributed <i>C. irapeanum</i> populations will be fungal-specific as well as restricted for <i>C. molle</i>. Root mycorrhization patterns occur high on the secondary roots. In contrast with other species of the genus, in situ germination can occur over a short period of two months, but we have documented periods as long as ten years. <i>Cypripedium</i> is a highly problematic genus for ex situ conservation because the germination requirements and cultures are poorly documented, and there is great urgency for in situ conservation to develop strategies for identifying hotspot habitats and actualize the protection status to avoid extinction of this genus. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T22:42:41Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-912c9b9a5a7f41a9a6454eb2b7ffbf22 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2223-7747 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T22:42:41Z |
| publishDate | 2022-06-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Plants |
| spelling | doaj.art-912c9b9a5a7f41a9a6454eb2b7ffbf222023-11-23T18:34:29ZengMDPI AGPlants2223-77472022-06-011112155410.3390/plants11121554Mesoamerican <i>Cypripedium</i>: Mycorrhizal Contributions to Promote Their Conservation as Critically Endangered SpeciesMauricio Moreno-Camarena0María Pilar Ortega-Larrocea1Posgrado en Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City 04510, MexicoDepartamento de Ciencias Ambientales y del Suelo, Instituto de Geología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City 04510, MexicoIn the valuable orchid genus <i>Cypripedium</i>, the section Irapeana consists of a distinctive group of Mesoamerican species that is formed by <i>Cypripedium dickinsonianum</i> Hágsater, <i>C. irapeanum</i> Lex., and <i>C. molle</i> Lindl. All lady slipper orchids exhibit different distributions and abundances. Data analysis that used herbarium accessions and field investigations indicated that the habitats of these three species have been dramatically reduced. Prospecting for suitable habitats based on climatic, vegetation, and soil parameters allows us to predict potential distributions. Conservation strategies, such as ex situ propagation by asymbiotic and symbiotic approaches, have indicated that the culture media used are a determining factor for seedling development. Mycorrhizal isolates play a main role in the compatibility and further development of germinated seeds. The fungi isolated from adult plants belong to two different families, which makes it possible that widely distributed <i>C. irapeanum</i> populations will be fungal-specific as well as restricted for <i>C. molle</i>. Root mycorrhization patterns occur high on the secondary roots. In contrast with other species of the genus, in situ germination can occur over a short period of two months, but we have documented periods as long as ten years. <i>Cypripedium</i> is a highly problematic genus for ex situ conservation because the germination requirements and cultures are poorly documented, and there is great urgency for in situ conservation to develop strategies for identifying hotspot habitats and actualize the protection status to avoid extinction of this genus.https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/11/12/1554habitat destructionin vitro germinationorchid conservationorchid mycorrhiza |
| spellingShingle | Mauricio Moreno-Camarena María Pilar Ortega-Larrocea Mesoamerican <i>Cypripedium</i>: Mycorrhizal Contributions to Promote Their Conservation as Critically Endangered Species Plants habitat destruction in vitro germination orchid conservation orchid mycorrhiza |
| title | Mesoamerican <i>Cypripedium</i>: Mycorrhizal Contributions to Promote Their Conservation as Critically Endangered Species |
| title_full | Mesoamerican <i>Cypripedium</i>: Mycorrhizal Contributions to Promote Their Conservation as Critically Endangered Species |
| title_fullStr | Mesoamerican <i>Cypripedium</i>: Mycorrhizal Contributions to Promote Their Conservation as Critically Endangered Species |
| title_full_unstemmed | Mesoamerican <i>Cypripedium</i>: Mycorrhizal Contributions to Promote Their Conservation as Critically Endangered Species |
| title_short | Mesoamerican <i>Cypripedium</i>: Mycorrhizal Contributions to Promote Their Conservation as Critically Endangered Species |
| title_sort | mesoamerican i cypripedium i mycorrhizal contributions to promote their conservation as critically endangered species |
| topic | habitat destruction in vitro germination orchid conservation orchid mycorrhiza |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/11/12/1554 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT mauriciomorenocamarena mesoamericanicypripediumimycorrhizalcontributionstopromotetheirconservationascriticallyendangeredspecies AT mariapilarortegalarrocea mesoamericanicypripediumimycorrhizalcontributionstopromotetheirconservationascriticallyendangeredspecies |