Prostate Cancer Brain Metastasis: Review of a Rare Complication with Limited Treatment Options and Poor Prognosis
Brain metastases (BM) are perceived as a rare complication of prostate cancer associated with poor outcome. Due to limited published data, we conducted a literature review regarding incidence, clinical characteristics, treatment options, and outcomes of patients with prostate cancer BM. A literature...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-07-01
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| Series: | Journal of Clinical Medicine |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/11/14/4165 |
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| author | Kobisha Rajeswaran Kaitlin Muzio Juan Briones Mary Jane Lim-Fat Chia-Lin Tseng Martin Smoragiewicz Jay Detsky Urban Emmenegger |
| author_facet | Kobisha Rajeswaran Kaitlin Muzio Juan Briones Mary Jane Lim-Fat Chia-Lin Tseng Martin Smoragiewicz Jay Detsky Urban Emmenegger |
| author_sort | Kobisha Rajeswaran |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Brain metastases (BM) are perceived as a rare complication of prostate cancer associated with poor outcome. Due to limited published data, we conducted a literature review regarding incidence, clinical characteristics, treatment options, and outcomes of patients with prostate cancer BM. A literature analysis of the PubMed, MEDLINE, and EMBASE databases was performed for full-text published articles on patients diagnosed with BM from prostate cancer. Eligible studies included four or more patients. Twenty-seven publications were selected and analyzed. The sources of published patient cohorts were retrospective chart reviews, administrative healthcare databases, autopsy records, and case series. BM are rare, with an incidence of 1.14% across publications that mainly focus on intraparenchymal metastases. Synchronous visceral metastasis and rare histological prostate cancer subtypes are associated with an increased rate of BM. Many patients do not receive brain metastasis-directed local therapy and the median survival after BM diagnosis is poor, notably in patients with multiple BM, dural-based metastases, or leptomeningeal dissemination. Overall, prostate cancer BM are rare and associated with poor prognosis. Future research is needed to study the impact of novel prostate cancer therapeutics on BM incidence, to identify patients at risk of BM, and to characterize molecular treatment targets. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T13:37:17Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-9142563ed4c94eb3b658204cd06ad4ee |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2077-0383 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T13:37:17Z |
| publishDate | 2022-07-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Clinical Medicine |
| spelling | doaj.art-9142563ed4c94eb3b658204cd06ad4ee2023-11-30T21:11:24ZengMDPI AGJournal of Clinical Medicine2077-03832022-07-011114416510.3390/jcm11144165Prostate Cancer Brain Metastasis: Review of a Rare Complication with Limited Treatment Options and Poor PrognosisKobisha Rajeswaran0Kaitlin Muzio1Juan Briones2Mary Jane Lim-Fat3Chia-Lin Tseng4Martin Smoragiewicz5Jay Detsky6Urban Emmenegger7Division of Medical Oncology, Odette Cancer Centre, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, 2075 Bayview Avenue, Toronto, ON M4N 3M5, CanadaDivision of Medical Oncology, Odette Cancer Centre, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, 2075 Bayview Avenue, Toronto, ON M4N 3M5, CanadaDepartment of Hematology-Oncology, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, 309 Diagonal Paraguay, Santiago 8330077, ChileDivision of Neurology, Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, 2075 Bayview Avenue, Toronto, ON M4N 3M5, CanadaDepartment of Radiation Oncology, Odette Cancer Centre, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, 2075 Bayview Avenue, Toronto, ON M4N 3M5, CanadaDivision of Medical Oncology, Odette Cancer Centre, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, 2075 Bayview Avenue, Toronto, ON M4N 3M5, CanadaDepartment of Radiation Oncology, Odette Cancer Centre, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, 2075 Bayview Avenue, Toronto, ON M4N 3M5, CanadaDivision of Medical Oncology, Odette Cancer Centre, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, 2075 Bayview Avenue, Toronto, ON M4N 3M5, CanadaBrain metastases (BM) are perceived as a rare complication of prostate cancer associated with poor outcome. Due to limited published data, we conducted a literature review regarding incidence, clinical characteristics, treatment options, and outcomes of patients with prostate cancer BM. A literature analysis of the PubMed, MEDLINE, and EMBASE databases was performed for full-text published articles on patients diagnosed with BM from prostate cancer. Eligible studies included four or more patients. Twenty-seven publications were selected and analyzed. The sources of published patient cohorts were retrospective chart reviews, administrative healthcare databases, autopsy records, and case series. BM are rare, with an incidence of 1.14% across publications that mainly focus on intraparenchymal metastases. Synchronous visceral metastasis and rare histological prostate cancer subtypes are associated with an increased rate of BM. Many patients do not receive brain metastasis-directed local therapy and the median survival after BM diagnosis is poor, notably in patients with multiple BM, dural-based metastases, or leptomeningeal dissemination. Overall, prostate cancer BM are rare and associated with poor prognosis. Future research is needed to study the impact of novel prostate cancer therapeutics on BM incidence, to identify patients at risk of BM, and to characterize molecular treatment targets.https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/11/14/4165prostatic neoplasmsbrain metastasissystematic literature reviewtreatmentoutcome |
| spellingShingle | Kobisha Rajeswaran Kaitlin Muzio Juan Briones Mary Jane Lim-Fat Chia-Lin Tseng Martin Smoragiewicz Jay Detsky Urban Emmenegger Prostate Cancer Brain Metastasis: Review of a Rare Complication with Limited Treatment Options and Poor Prognosis Journal of Clinical Medicine prostatic neoplasms brain metastasis systematic literature review treatment outcome |
| title | Prostate Cancer Brain Metastasis: Review of a Rare Complication with Limited Treatment Options and Poor Prognosis |
| title_full | Prostate Cancer Brain Metastasis: Review of a Rare Complication with Limited Treatment Options and Poor Prognosis |
| title_fullStr | Prostate Cancer Brain Metastasis: Review of a Rare Complication with Limited Treatment Options and Poor Prognosis |
| title_full_unstemmed | Prostate Cancer Brain Metastasis: Review of a Rare Complication with Limited Treatment Options and Poor Prognosis |
| title_short | Prostate Cancer Brain Metastasis: Review of a Rare Complication with Limited Treatment Options and Poor Prognosis |
| title_sort | prostate cancer brain metastasis review of a rare complication with limited treatment options and poor prognosis |
| topic | prostatic neoplasms brain metastasis systematic literature review treatment outcome |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/11/14/4165 |
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