Spatial Reorganization of Liquid Crystalline Domains of Red Blood Cells in Type 2 Diabetic Patients with Peripheral Artery Disease
In this work, we will investigate if red blood cell (RBC) membrane fluidity, influenced by several hyperglycemia-induced pathways, could provide a complementary index of HbA1c to monitor the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM)-related macroangiopathic complications such as Peripheral Arte...
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MDPI AG
2022-09-01
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| Series: | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/23/19/11126 |
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| author | Giada Bianchetti Gaetano Emanuele Rizzo Cassandra Serantoni Alessio Abeltino Alessandro Rizzi Linda Tartaglione Salvatore Caputo Andrea Flex Marco De Spirito Dario Pitocco Giuseppe Maulucci |
| author_facet | Giada Bianchetti Gaetano Emanuele Rizzo Cassandra Serantoni Alessio Abeltino Alessandro Rizzi Linda Tartaglione Salvatore Caputo Andrea Flex Marco De Spirito Dario Pitocco Giuseppe Maulucci |
| author_sort | Giada Bianchetti |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | In this work, we will investigate if red blood cell (RBC) membrane fluidity, influenced by several hyperglycemia-induced pathways, could provide a complementary index of HbA1c to monitor the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM)-related macroangiopathic complications such as Peripheral Artery Disease (PAD). The contextual liquid crystalline (LC) domain spatial organization in the membrane was analysed to investigate the phase dynamics of the transition. Twenty-seven patients with long-duration T2DM were recruited and classified in DM, including 12 non-PAD patients, and DM + PAD, including 15 patients in any stage of PAD. Mean values of RBC generalized polarization (GP), representative of membrane fluidity, together with spatial organization of LC domains were compared between the two groups; <i>p</i>-values < 0.05 were considered statistically significant. Although comparable for anthropometric characteristics, duration of diabetes, and HbA1c, RBC membranes of PAD patients were found to be significantly more fluid (GP: 0.501 ± 0.026) than non-PAD patients (GP: 0.519 ± 0.007). These alterations were shown to be triggered by changes in both LC microdomain composition and distribution. We found a decrease in Feret diameter from 0.245 ± 0.281 μm in DM to 0.183 ± 0.124 μm in DM + PAD, and an increase in circularity. Altered RBC membrane fluidity is correlated to a spatial reconfiguration of LC domains, which, by possibly altering metabolic function, are associated with the development of T2DM-related macroangiopathic complications. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T21:42:17Z |
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| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1661-6596 1422-0067 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T21:42:17Z |
| publishDate | 2022-09-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-91491a2256514eac8955e9e399a5732b2023-11-23T20:27:48ZengMDPI AGInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences1661-65961422-00672022-09-0123191112610.3390/ijms231911126Spatial Reorganization of Liquid Crystalline Domains of Red Blood Cells in Type 2 Diabetic Patients with Peripheral Artery DiseaseGiada Bianchetti0Gaetano Emanuele Rizzo1Cassandra Serantoni2Alessio Abeltino3Alessandro Rizzi4Linda Tartaglione5Salvatore Caputo6Andrea Flex7Marco De Spirito8Dario Pitocco9Giuseppe Maulucci10Department of Neuroscience, Biophysics Section, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, ItalyDiabetes Care Unit, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, ItalyDepartment of Neuroscience, Biophysics Section, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, ItalyDepartment of Neuroscience, Biophysics Section, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, ItalyDiabetes Care Unit, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, ItalyDiabetes Care Unit, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, ItalyFondazione Policlinico Universitario “A. Gemelli”, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), 00168 Rome, ItalyDiabetes Care Unit, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, ItalyDepartment of Neuroscience, Biophysics Section, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, ItalyDiabetes Care Unit, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, ItalyDepartment of Neuroscience, Biophysics Section, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, ItalyIn this work, we will investigate if red blood cell (RBC) membrane fluidity, influenced by several hyperglycemia-induced pathways, could provide a complementary index of HbA1c to monitor the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM)-related macroangiopathic complications such as Peripheral Artery Disease (PAD). The contextual liquid crystalline (LC) domain spatial organization in the membrane was analysed to investigate the phase dynamics of the transition. Twenty-seven patients with long-duration T2DM were recruited and classified in DM, including 12 non-PAD patients, and DM + PAD, including 15 patients in any stage of PAD. Mean values of RBC generalized polarization (GP), representative of membrane fluidity, together with spatial organization of LC domains were compared between the two groups; <i>p</i>-values < 0.05 were considered statistically significant. Although comparable for anthropometric characteristics, duration of diabetes, and HbA1c, RBC membranes of PAD patients were found to be significantly more fluid (GP: 0.501 ± 0.026) than non-PAD patients (GP: 0.519 ± 0.007). These alterations were shown to be triggered by changes in both LC microdomain composition and distribution. We found a decrease in Feret diameter from 0.245 ± 0.281 μm in DM to 0.183 ± 0.124 μm in DM + PAD, and an increase in circularity. Altered RBC membrane fluidity is correlated to a spatial reconfiguration of LC domains, which, by possibly altering metabolic function, are associated with the development of T2DM-related macroangiopathic complications.https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/23/19/11126diabetesred blood cellsmacrovascular complicationsperipheral artery diseasemembrane fluiditymembrane microdomains |
| spellingShingle | Giada Bianchetti Gaetano Emanuele Rizzo Cassandra Serantoni Alessio Abeltino Alessandro Rizzi Linda Tartaglione Salvatore Caputo Andrea Flex Marco De Spirito Dario Pitocco Giuseppe Maulucci Spatial Reorganization of Liquid Crystalline Domains of Red Blood Cells in Type 2 Diabetic Patients with Peripheral Artery Disease International Journal of Molecular Sciences diabetes red blood cells macrovascular complications peripheral artery disease membrane fluidity membrane microdomains |
| title | Spatial Reorganization of Liquid Crystalline Domains of Red Blood Cells in Type 2 Diabetic Patients with Peripheral Artery Disease |
| title_full | Spatial Reorganization of Liquid Crystalline Domains of Red Blood Cells in Type 2 Diabetic Patients with Peripheral Artery Disease |
| title_fullStr | Spatial Reorganization of Liquid Crystalline Domains of Red Blood Cells in Type 2 Diabetic Patients with Peripheral Artery Disease |
| title_full_unstemmed | Spatial Reorganization of Liquid Crystalline Domains of Red Blood Cells in Type 2 Diabetic Patients with Peripheral Artery Disease |
| title_short | Spatial Reorganization of Liquid Crystalline Domains of Red Blood Cells in Type 2 Diabetic Patients with Peripheral Artery Disease |
| title_sort | spatial reorganization of liquid crystalline domains of red blood cells in type 2 diabetic patients with peripheral artery disease |
| topic | diabetes red blood cells macrovascular complications peripheral artery disease membrane fluidity membrane microdomains |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/23/19/11126 |
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