Chemical Fingerprinting, Aorta Endothelium Relaxation Effect, and Enzymatic Inhibition of Canelo (<i>Drimys winteri</i> J. R. Forst. & G. Forst, (D.C) A. Gray, Family Winteraceae) Fruits
<i>Drimys winteri</i> J.R. Forst. & G. Forst (D.C) G. Gray, var. <i>chilensis</i> (canelo) is an endemic tree from Chile. Since pre-Columbian times, it has produced a fruit known as the canelo pepper, (pimienta de canelo) or Foye pepper, which can be used as a spice. The...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2023-07-01
|
| Series: | Foods |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2304-8158/12/13/2580 |
| _version_ | 1797591714542649344 |
|---|---|
| author | Ruth E. Barrientos Javier Romero-Parra Fredi Cifuentes Javier Palacios Néstor Jaime Romero-Jola Adrián Paredes Gabriel Vargas-Arana Mario J. Simirgiotis |
| author_facet | Ruth E. Barrientos Javier Romero-Parra Fredi Cifuentes Javier Palacios Néstor Jaime Romero-Jola Adrián Paredes Gabriel Vargas-Arana Mario J. Simirgiotis |
| author_sort | Ruth E. Barrientos |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <i>Drimys winteri</i> J.R. Forst. & G. Forst (D.C) G. Gray, var. <i>chilensis</i> (canelo) is an endemic tree from Chile. Since pre-Columbian times, it has produced a fruit known as the canelo pepper, (pimienta de canelo) or Foye pepper, which can be used as a spice. The chemical and biological analysis of canelo fruits is reported for the first time in this study, that is, its phenolic fingerprinting by UHPLC-PDA- Q-orbitrap MS, the antioxidant activity, the enzymatic inhibitory activity, and its relaxation effects on rat aorta. The proximal composition and the mineral content (Ca: 1.45 ± 0.03 mg/100 g; Mg: 7.72 ± 0.03 mg/100 g; Fe: 4.54 ± 0.21 mg/100 g; Zn: 2.99 ± 0.02 mg/100 g; Mn: 1.08 ± 0.03 mg/100 g; Cu: 0.82 ± 0.02 mg/100 g; K: 53.03 ± 0.20 mg/100 g; Na: 0.087 ± 0.00 mg/100 g) are also reported. The canelo fruits showed a total phenolic content of 57.33 ± 0.82 mg GAE/g dry weight. In addition, the total flavonoid content was 38.42 ± 1.32 mg equivalent of QE/g dry weight. The antioxidant activity was evaluated by employing DPPH and ABTS methods (IC<sub>50</sub> of 6.65 ± 0.5 and 9.5 ± 0.05 μg/mL, respectively), ORAC (25.33 ± 1.2 μmol Trolox/g dry plant) and FRAP (45.56 ± 1.32 μmol Trolox/g dry plant). The enzymatic inhibition of acetylcholinesterase, butyrylcholinesterase, and tyrosinase (IC<sub>50</sub>: 1.94 ± 0.07, 2.73 ± 0.05, and 9.92 ± 0.05 µg extract/mL, respectively) is also reported. Canelo extract led to an 89% relaxation of rat aorta. Our results confirm that <i>D. winteri</i> fruits are a rich source of secondary metabolites and can inhibit enzymes associated with neurodegenerative diseases; the results also suggest that canelo may induce a potentially hypotensive effect in rat aorta. The study demonstrates the medicinal properties of canelo fruit and spice. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T01:41:12Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-914def33bc0b4adabf661dab126e7fc6 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2304-8158 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T01:41:12Z |
| publishDate | 2023-07-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Foods |
| spelling | doaj.art-914def33bc0b4adabf661dab126e7fc62023-11-18T16:34:36ZengMDPI AGFoods2304-81582023-07-011213258010.3390/foods12132580Chemical Fingerprinting, Aorta Endothelium Relaxation Effect, and Enzymatic Inhibition of Canelo (<i>Drimys winteri</i> J. R. Forst. & G. Forst, (D.C) A. Gray, Family Winteraceae) FruitsRuth E. Barrientos0Javier Romero-Parra1Fredi Cifuentes2Javier Palacios3Néstor Jaime Romero-Jola4Adrián Paredes5Gabriel Vargas-Arana6Mario J. Simirgiotis7Instituto de Farmacia, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia 5090000, ChileDepartamento de Química Orgánica y Fisicoquímica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 6640022, ChileLaboratorio de Fisiología Experimental, Instituto Antofagasta, Universidad de Antofagasta, Antofagasta 1270300, ChileLaboratorio de Bioquímica Aplicada, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Arturo Prat, Iquique 1110939, ChileDepartamento de Sanidad Animal, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad del Tolima, Ibagué 730001, ColombiaLaboratorio de Química Biológica, Instituto Antofagasta, Universidad de Antofagasta, Antofagasta 1270300, ChileLaboratorio de Química de Productos Naturales, Instituto de Investigaciones de la Amazonía Peruana, Avenue Abelardo Quiñones, Iquitos 16001, PeruInstituto de Farmacia, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia 5090000, Chile<i>Drimys winteri</i> J.R. Forst. & G. Forst (D.C) G. Gray, var. <i>chilensis</i> (canelo) is an endemic tree from Chile. Since pre-Columbian times, it has produced a fruit known as the canelo pepper, (pimienta de canelo) or Foye pepper, which can be used as a spice. The chemical and biological analysis of canelo fruits is reported for the first time in this study, that is, its phenolic fingerprinting by UHPLC-PDA- Q-orbitrap MS, the antioxidant activity, the enzymatic inhibitory activity, and its relaxation effects on rat aorta. The proximal composition and the mineral content (Ca: 1.45 ± 0.03 mg/100 g; Mg: 7.72 ± 0.03 mg/100 g; Fe: 4.54 ± 0.21 mg/100 g; Zn: 2.99 ± 0.02 mg/100 g; Mn: 1.08 ± 0.03 mg/100 g; Cu: 0.82 ± 0.02 mg/100 g; K: 53.03 ± 0.20 mg/100 g; Na: 0.087 ± 0.00 mg/100 g) are also reported. The canelo fruits showed a total phenolic content of 57.33 ± 0.82 mg GAE/g dry weight. In addition, the total flavonoid content was 38.42 ± 1.32 mg equivalent of QE/g dry weight. The antioxidant activity was evaluated by employing DPPH and ABTS methods (IC<sub>50</sub> of 6.65 ± 0.5 and 9.5 ± 0.05 μg/mL, respectively), ORAC (25.33 ± 1.2 μmol Trolox/g dry plant) and FRAP (45.56 ± 1.32 μmol Trolox/g dry plant). The enzymatic inhibition of acetylcholinesterase, butyrylcholinesterase, and tyrosinase (IC<sub>50</sub>: 1.94 ± 0.07, 2.73 ± 0.05, and 9.92 ± 0.05 µg extract/mL, respectively) is also reported. Canelo extract led to an 89% relaxation of rat aorta. Our results confirm that <i>D. winteri</i> fruits are a rich source of secondary metabolites and can inhibit enzymes associated with neurodegenerative diseases; the results also suggest that canelo may induce a potentially hypotensive effect in rat aorta. The study demonstrates the medicinal properties of canelo fruit and spice.https://www.mdpi.com/2304-8158/12/13/2580endemic plantsanticholinesterase activityhypotensive effectsneglected spicepimientoMapuche |
| spellingShingle | Ruth E. Barrientos Javier Romero-Parra Fredi Cifuentes Javier Palacios Néstor Jaime Romero-Jola Adrián Paredes Gabriel Vargas-Arana Mario J. Simirgiotis Chemical Fingerprinting, Aorta Endothelium Relaxation Effect, and Enzymatic Inhibition of Canelo (<i>Drimys winteri</i> J. R. Forst. & G. Forst, (D.C) A. Gray, Family Winteraceae) Fruits Foods endemic plants anticholinesterase activity hypotensive effects neglected spice pimiento Mapuche |
| title | Chemical Fingerprinting, Aorta Endothelium Relaxation Effect, and Enzymatic Inhibition of Canelo (<i>Drimys winteri</i> J. R. Forst. & G. Forst, (D.C) A. Gray, Family Winteraceae) Fruits |
| title_full | Chemical Fingerprinting, Aorta Endothelium Relaxation Effect, and Enzymatic Inhibition of Canelo (<i>Drimys winteri</i> J. R. Forst. & G. Forst, (D.C) A. Gray, Family Winteraceae) Fruits |
| title_fullStr | Chemical Fingerprinting, Aorta Endothelium Relaxation Effect, and Enzymatic Inhibition of Canelo (<i>Drimys winteri</i> J. R. Forst. & G. Forst, (D.C) A. Gray, Family Winteraceae) Fruits |
| title_full_unstemmed | Chemical Fingerprinting, Aorta Endothelium Relaxation Effect, and Enzymatic Inhibition of Canelo (<i>Drimys winteri</i> J. R. Forst. & G. Forst, (D.C) A. Gray, Family Winteraceae) Fruits |
| title_short | Chemical Fingerprinting, Aorta Endothelium Relaxation Effect, and Enzymatic Inhibition of Canelo (<i>Drimys winteri</i> J. R. Forst. & G. Forst, (D.C) A. Gray, Family Winteraceae) Fruits |
| title_sort | chemical fingerprinting aorta endothelium relaxation effect and enzymatic inhibition of canelo i drimys winteri i j r forst g forst d c a gray family winteraceae fruits |
| topic | endemic plants anticholinesterase activity hypotensive effects neglected spice pimiento Mapuche |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2304-8158/12/13/2580 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT ruthebarrientos chemicalfingerprintingaortaendotheliumrelaxationeffectandenzymaticinhibitionofcaneloidrimyswinteriijrforstgforstdcagrayfamilywinteraceaefruits AT javierromeroparra chemicalfingerprintingaortaendotheliumrelaxationeffectandenzymaticinhibitionofcaneloidrimyswinteriijrforstgforstdcagrayfamilywinteraceaefruits AT fredicifuentes chemicalfingerprintingaortaendotheliumrelaxationeffectandenzymaticinhibitionofcaneloidrimyswinteriijrforstgforstdcagrayfamilywinteraceaefruits AT javierpalacios chemicalfingerprintingaortaendotheliumrelaxationeffectandenzymaticinhibitionofcaneloidrimyswinteriijrforstgforstdcagrayfamilywinteraceaefruits AT nestorjaimeromerojola chemicalfingerprintingaortaendotheliumrelaxationeffectandenzymaticinhibitionofcaneloidrimyswinteriijrforstgforstdcagrayfamilywinteraceaefruits AT adrianparedes chemicalfingerprintingaortaendotheliumrelaxationeffectandenzymaticinhibitionofcaneloidrimyswinteriijrforstgforstdcagrayfamilywinteraceaefruits AT gabrielvargasarana chemicalfingerprintingaortaendotheliumrelaxationeffectandenzymaticinhibitionofcaneloidrimyswinteriijrforstgforstdcagrayfamilywinteraceaefruits AT mariojsimirgiotis chemicalfingerprintingaortaendotheliumrelaxationeffectandenzymaticinhibitionofcaneloidrimyswinteriijrforstgforstdcagrayfamilywinteraceaefruits |