Nanomaterials for mRNA‐based therapeutics: Challenges and opportunities
Abstract Messenger RNA (mRNA) holds great potential in developing immunotherapy, protein replacement, and genome editing. In general, mRNA does not have the risk of being incorporated into the host genome and does not need to enter the nucleus for transfection, and it can be expressed even in nondiv...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wiley
2023-05-01
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| Series: | Bioengineering & Translational Medicine |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1002/btm2.10492 |
| _version_ | 1797825399318642688 |
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| author | De‐feng Li Qi‐song Liu Mei‐feng Yang Hao‐ming Xu Min‐zheng Zhu Yuan Zhang Jing Xu Cheng‐mei Tian Jun Yao Li‐sheng Wang Yu‐jie Liang |
| author_facet | De‐feng Li Qi‐song Liu Mei‐feng Yang Hao‐ming Xu Min‐zheng Zhu Yuan Zhang Jing Xu Cheng‐mei Tian Jun Yao Li‐sheng Wang Yu‐jie Liang |
| author_sort | De‐feng Li |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Messenger RNA (mRNA) holds great potential in developing immunotherapy, protein replacement, and genome editing. In general, mRNA does not have the risk of being incorporated into the host genome and does not need to enter the nucleus for transfection, and it can be expressed even in nondividing cells. Therefore, mRNA‐based therapeutics provide a promising strategy for clinical treatment. However, the efficient and safe delivery of mRNA remains a crucial constraint for the clinical application of mRNA therapeutics. Although the stability and tolerability of mRNA can be enhanced by directly retouching the mRNA structure, there is still an urgent need to improve the delivery of mRNA. Recently, significant progress has been made in nanobiotechnology, providing tools for developing mRNA nanocarriers. Nano‐drug delivery system is directly used for loading, protecting, and releasing mRNA in the biological microenvironment and can be used to stimulate the translation of mRNA to develop effective intervention strategies. In the present review, we summarized the concept of emerging nanomaterials for mRNA delivery and the latest progress in enhancing the function of mRNA, primarily focusing on the role of exosomes in mRNA delivery. Moreover, we outlined its clinical applications so far. Finally, the key obstacles of mRNA nanocarriers are emphasized, and promising strategies to overcome these obstacles are proposed. Collectively, nano‐design materials exert functions for specific mRNA applications, provide new perception for next‐generation nanomaterials, and thus revolution of mRNA technology. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-13T10:53:29Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-91679ce8d3624d419733815d98106ed8 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2380-6761 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-13T10:53:29Z |
| publishDate | 2023-05-01 |
| publisher | Wiley |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Bioengineering & Translational Medicine |
| spelling | doaj.art-91679ce8d3624d419733815d98106ed82023-05-17T07:33:11ZengWileyBioengineering & Translational Medicine2380-67612023-05-0183n/an/a10.1002/btm2.10492Nanomaterials for mRNA‐based therapeutics: Challenges and opportunitiesDe‐feng Li0Qi‐song Liu1Mei‐feng Yang2Hao‐ming Xu3Min‐zheng Zhu4Yuan Zhang5Jing Xu6Cheng‐mei Tian7Jun Yao8Li‐sheng Wang9Yu‐jie Liang10Department of Gastroenterology Shenzhen People's Hospital (the Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University; the First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology) Shenzhen Guangdong ChinaNational Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases Shenzhen Third People's Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology Shenzhen ChinaDepartment of Hematology Yantian District People's Hospital Shenzhen Guangdong ChinaDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Guangzhou Digestive Disease Center, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology Guangzhou ChinaDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology the Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology Guangzhou Guangdong ChinaDepartment of Medical Administration Huizhou Institute of Occupational Diseases Control and Prevention Huizhou Guangdong ChinaDepartment of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Guangzhou Digestive Disease Center, Guangzhou First People's Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology Guangzhou ChinaDepartment of Emergency Shenzhen People's Hospital (the Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University; the First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology) Shenzhen Guangdong ChinaDepartment of Gastroenterology Shenzhen People's Hospital (the Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University; the First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology) Shenzhen Guangdong ChinaDepartment of Gastroenterology Shenzhen People's Hospital (the Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University; the First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology) Shenzhen Guangdong ChinaDepartment of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Shenzhen Kangning Hospital, Shenzhen Mental Health Center Shenzhen ChinaAbstract Messenger RNA (mRNA) holds great potential in developing immunotherapy, protein replacement, and genome editing. In general, mRNA does not have the risk of being incorporated into the host genome and does not need to enter the nucleus for transfection, and it can be expressed even in nondividing cells. Therefore, mRNA‐based therapeutics provide a promising strategy for clinical treatment. However, the efficient and safe delivery of mRNA remains a crucial constraint for the clinical application of mRNA therapeutics. Although the stability and tolerability of mRNA can be enhanced by directly retouching the mRNA structure, there is still an urgent need to improve the delivery of mRNA. Recently, significant progress has been made in nanobiotechnology, providing tools for developing mRNA nanocarriers. Nano‐drug delivery system is directly used for loading, protecting, and releasing mRNA in the biological microenvironment and can be used to stimulate the translation of mRNA to develop effective intervention strategies. In the present review, we summarized the concept of emerging nanomaterials for mRNA delivery and the latest progress in enhancing the function of mRNA, primarily focusing on the role of exosomes in mRNA delivery. Moreover, we outlined its clinical applications so far. Finally, the key obstacles of mRNA nanocarriers are emphasized, and promising strategies to overcome these obstacles are proposed. Collectively, nano‐design materials exert functions for specific mRNA applications, provide new perception for next‐generation nanomaterials, and thus revolution of mRNA technology.https://doi.org/10.1002/btm2.10492ExosomesGene editingGene therapymRNA deliverymRNA vaccineNanocarriers |
| spellingShingle | De‐feng Li Qi‐song Liu Mei‐feng Yang Hao‐ming Xu Min‐zheng Zhu Yuan Zhang Jing Xu Cheng‐mei Tian Jun Yao Li‐sheng Wang Yu‐jie Liang Nanomaterials for mRNA‐based therapeutics: Challenges and opportunities Bioengineering & Translational Medicine Exosomes Gene editing Gene therapy mRNA delivery mRNA vaccine Nanocarriers |
| title | Nanomaterials for mRNA‐based therapeutics: Challenges and opportunities |
| title_full | Nanomaterials for mRNA‐based therapeutics: Challenges and opportunities |
| title_fullStr | Nanomaterials for mRNA‐based therapeutics: Challenges and opportunities |
| title_full_unstemmed | Nanomaterials for mRNA‐based therapeutics: Challenges and opportunities |
| title_short | Nanomaterials for mRNA‐based therapeutics: Challenges and opportunities |
| title_sort | nanomaterials for mrna based therapeutics challenges and opportunities |
| topic | Exosomes Gene editing Gene therapy mRNA delivery mRNA vaccine Nanocarriers |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1002/btm2.10492 |
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