Prevalence and Antimicrobial Resistance of <i>Campylobacter jejuni</i> and <i>Campylobacter coli</i> in Wild Birds from a Wildlife Rescue Centre

Climate change, excessive exploitation of agricultural land which reduces natural habitats, wildlife shooting, and the use of pesticides all cause difficulties for wildlife, with considerable numbers of animals being brought to wildlife rescue centres. Although the efforts of staff involved in wildl...

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Main Authors: Gaia Casalino, Francesco D’Amico, Francesca Rita Dinardo, Giancarlo Bozzo, Valeria Napoletano, Antonio Camarda, Antonella Bove, Roberto Lombardi, Francesco Paolo D’Onghia, Elena Circella
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2022-10-01
Series:Animals
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/12/20/2889
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author Gaia Casalino
Francesco D’Amico
Francesca Rita Dinardo
Giancarlo Bozzo
Valeria Napoletano
Antonio Camarda
Antonella Bove
Roberto Lombardi
Francesco Paolo D’Onghia
Elena Circella
author_facet Gaia Casalino
Francesco D’Amico
Francesca Rita Dinardo
Giancarlo Bozzo
Valeria Napoletano
Antonio Camarda
Antonella Bove
Roberto Lombardi
Francesco Paolo D’Onghia
Elena Circella
author_sort Gaia Casalino
collection DOAJ
description Climate change, excessive exploitation of agricultural land which reduces natural habitats, wildlife shooting, and the use of pesticides all cause difficulties for wildlife, with considerable numbers of animals being brought to wildlife rescue centres. Although the efforts of staff involved in wildlife management at these centres usually focus on therapeutic treatments to reintroduce them into the wild, the monitoring of pathogens that may be transmitted to humans is of relevance. <i>Campylobacter</i> (<i>C.</i>) <i>jejuni</i> and <i>C. coli</i> are frequently carried by animals without inducing clinical signs and are responsible for enteric disorders and more rarely extra-intestinal disease in humans. Farm species and poultry, in particular, are the main reservoirs of <i>C. jejuni</i> and <i>C. coli</i>, but wild animals may also be carriers. The aim of this paper was to investigate the presence of <i>C. jejuni</i> and <i>C. coli</i> in wild birds housed at a wildlife rescue centre and to evaluate the sensitivity of the detected strains to antibiotics. <i>Campylobacter</i> was found in 52 out of 209 (24.88%) birds from 33 different species. <i>C. jejuni</i> was more prevalent, while <i>C. coli</i> was only detected in three Long-eared Owls (<i>Asio otus</i>). The incidence of the infection was particularly high (72.22%) among omnivorous species. Infection rates were higher in birds housed indoors (57.14%) than outdoors (31.74%). Moreover, <i>Campylobacter</i> was not detected in species whose mean temperature body is below 40 °C or higher than 42.2 °C. The most common antibiotic resistance in the tested strains was against trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, ciprofloxacin and enrofloxacin. In addition, multi-drug resistance was also found. The results highlight the need to increase biosecurity measures at rescue centres so as to reduce health-related risks to workers involved in wildlife management.
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spelling doaj.art-916be47f8a57410ba5313b5bc2f432312023-11-23T22:33:42ZengMDPI AGAnimals2076-26152022-10-011220288910.3390/ani12202889Prevalence and Antimicrobial Resistance of <i>Campylobacter jejuni</i> and <i>Campylobacter coli</i> in Wild Birds from a Wildlife Rescue CentreGaia Casalino0Francesco D’Amico1Francesca Rita Dinardo2Giancarlo Bozzo3Valeria Napoletano4Antonio Camarda5Antonella Bove6Roberto Lombardi7Francesco Paolo D’Onghia8Elena Circella9Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, S.P. Casamassima km. 3, 70010 Valenzano, ItalyDepartment of Veterinary Medicine, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, S.P. Casamassima km. 3, 70010 Valenzano, ItalyDepartment of Veterinary Medicine, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, S.P. Casamassima km. 3, 70010 Valenzano, ItalyDepartment of Veterinary Medicine, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, S.P. Casamassima km. 3, 70010 Valenzano, ItalyDepartment of Veterinary Medicine, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, S.P. Casamassima km. 3, 70010 Valenzano, ItalyDepartment of Veterinary Medicine, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, S.P. Casamassima km. 3, 70010 Valenzano, ItalyDepartment of Veterinary Medicine, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, S.P. Casamassima km. 3, 70010 Valenzano, ItalyDepartment of Veterinary Medicine, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, S.P. Casamassima km. 3, 70010 Valenzano, ItalyDepartment of Veterinary Medicine, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, S.P. Casamassima km. 3, 70010 Valenzano, ItalyDepartment of Veterinary Medicine, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, S.P. Casamassima km. 3, 70010 Valenzano, ItalyClimate change, excessive exploitation of agricultural land which reduces natural habitats, wildlife shooting, and the use of pesticides all cause difficulties for wildlife, with considerable numbers of animals being brought to wildlife rescue centres. Although the efforts of staff involved in wildlife management at these centres usually focus on therapeutic treatments to reintroduce them into the wild, the monitoring of pathogens that may be transmitted to humans is of relevance. <i>Campylobacter</i> (<i>C.</i>) <i>jejuni</i> and <i>C. coli</i> are frequently carried by animals without inducing clinical signs and are responsible for enteric disorders and more rarely extra-intestinal disease in humans. Farm species and poultry, in particular, are the main reservoirs of <i>C. jejuni</i> and <i>C. coli</i>, but wild animals may also be carriers. The aim of this paper was to investigate the presence of <i>C. jejuni</i> and <i>C. coli</i> in wild birds housed at a wildlife rescue centre and to evaluate the sensitivity of the detected strains to antibiotics. <i>Campylobacter</i> was found in 52 out of 209 (24.88%) birds from 33 different species. <i>C. jejuni</i> was more prevalent, while <i>C. coli</i> was only detected in three Long-eared Owls (<i>Asio otus</i>). The incidence of the infection was particularly high (72.22%) among omnivorous species. Infection rates were higher in birds housed indoors (57.14%) than outdoors (31.74%). Moreover, <i>Campylobacter</i> was not detected in species whose mean temperature body is below 40 °C or higher than 42.2 °C. The most common antibiotic resistance in the tested strains was against trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, ciprofloxacin and enrofloxacin. In addition, multi-drug resistance was also found. The results highlight the need to increase biosecurity measures at rescue centres so as to reduce health-related risks to workers involved in wildlife management.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/12/20/2889<i>Campylobacter</i> <i>jejuni</i><i>Campylobacter coli</i>antimicrobial resistancewild birdswildlife rescue centrebiosecurity
spellingShingle Gaia Casalino
Francesco D’Amico
Francesca Rita Dinardo
Giancarlo Bozzo
Valeria Napoletano
Antonio Camarda
Antonella Bove
Roberto Lombardi
Francesco Paolo D’Onghia
Elena Circella
Prevalence and Antimicrobial Resistance of <i>Campylobacter jejuni</i> and <i>Campylobacter coli</i> in Wild Birds from a Wildlife Rescue Centre
Animals
<i>Campylobacter</i> <i>jejuni</i>
<i>Campylobacter coli</i>
antimicrobial resistance
wild birds
wildlife rescue centre
biosecurity
title Prevalence and Antimicrobial Resistance of <i>Campylobacter jejuni</i> and <i>Campylobacter coli</i> in Wild Birds from a Wildlife Rescue Centre
title_full Prevalence and Antimicrobial Resistance of <i>Campylobacter jejuni</i> and <i>Campylobacter coli</i> in Wild Birds from a Wildlife Rescue Centre
title_fullStr Prevalence and Antimicrobial Resistance of <i>Campylobacter jejuni</i> and <i>Campylobacter coli</i> in Wild Birds from a Wildlife Rescue Centre
title_full_unstemmed Prevalence and Antimicrobial Resistance of <i>Campylobacter jejuni</i> and <i>Campylobacter coli</i> in Wild Birds from a Wildlife Rescue Centre
title_short Prevalence and Antimicrobial Resistance of <i>Campylobacter jejuni</i> and <i>Campylobacter coli</i> in Wild Birds from a Wildlife Rescue Centre
title_sort prevalence and antimicrobial resistance of i campylobacter jejuni i and i campylobacter coli i in wild birds from a wildlife rescue centre
topic <i>Campylobacter</i> <i>jejuni</i>
<i>Campylobacter coli</i>
antimicrobial resistance
wild birds
wildlife rescue centre
biosecurity
url https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/12/20/2889
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