Tracking Trends in Emissions of Developmental Toxicants and Potential Associations with Congenital Heart Disease in Alberta, Canada
Congenital heart disease (CHD) is a serious anomaly for which the etiology remains elusive. We explored temporal trend associations between industrial developmental toxicant (DT) air emissions and CHD in Alberta. Patients born between 2004–2011 with a diagnosis of CHD and 18 DTs from the N...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2018-07-01
|
| Series: | Challenges |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.mdpi.com/2078-1547/9/2/28 |
| _version_ | 1819019415084072960 |
|---|---|
| author | Deliwe Precious Ngwezi Lisa K. Hornberger Jose Luis Cabeza-Gonzalez Sujata Chandra Deborah Fruitman Alvaro Osornio-Vargas |
| author_facet | Deliwe Precious Ngwezi Lisa K. Hornberger Jose Luis Cabeza-Gonzalez Sujata Chandra Deborah Fruitman Alvaro Osornio-Vargas |
| author_sort | Deliwe Precious Ngwezi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Congenital heart disease (CHD) is a serious anomaly for which the etiology remains elusive. We explored temporal trend associations between industrial developmental toxicant (DT) air emissions and CHD in Alberta. Patients born between 2004–2011 with a diagnosis of CHD and 18 DTs from the National Pollutant Release Inventory (2003–2010) were identified. We applied principal component analysis (PCA) to DT amounts and toxicity risk scores (RS) and defined yearly crude CHD and septal defects rates for urban and rural regions. Correlations between DT groups and CHD rates were examined with Spearman test and Bonferroni correction was conducted for multiple comparisons. PCA identified three DT groups: Group 1 (volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and other gases,) Group 2 (other VOCs), and Group 3 (mainly heavy metals). Province-wide, we found associations between Group 1 DTs and CHD and septal defect rates, when using amounts (r = 0.86, CI 0.39, 0.97 and r = 0.89, CI 0.48, 0.98, respectively) and RS (r = 0.88, CI 0.47, 0.98 and r = 0.85, CI 0.36, 0.97, respectively). Rural Group 2 DTs were positively associated with septal defect rates in both amounts released and RS (r = 0.91, CI 0.55, 0.98 and r = 0.91, CI 0.55, 0.98, respectively). In this exploratory study, we found a temporal decrease in emissions and CHD rates in rural regions and a potential positive association between CHD and septal defect rates and mixtures of organic compounds with or without gases. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-21T03:34:57Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-91724ac13b5143ca94dc95eeca45b71c |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2078-1547 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-21T03:34:57Z |
| publishDate | 2018-07-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Challenges |
| spelling | doaj.art-91724ac13b5143ca94dc95eeca45b71c2022-12-21T19:17:21ZengMDPI AGChallenges2078-15472018-07-01922810.3390/challe9020028challe9020028Tracking Trends in Emissions of Developmental Toxicants and Potential Associations with Congenital Heart Disease in Alberta, CanadaDeliwe Precious Ngwezi0Lisa K. Hornberger1Jose Luis Cabeza-Gonzalez2Sujata Chandra3Deborah Fruitman4Alvaro Osornio-Vargas5Department of Pediatrics, Fetal and Neonatal Cardiology Program, Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Stollery Children’s Hospital, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2B7, CanadaDepartment of Pediatrics, Fetal and Neonatal Cardiology Program, Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Stollery Children’s Hospital, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2B7, CanadaDepartment of Pediatrics, Division of Immunology, Hematology, Oncology, Palliative Care and Environmental Health, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 1C9, CanadaDepartments of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Royal Alexandra Hospital, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2R7, CanadaSection of Pediatric Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, Alberta Children’s Hospital, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T3B 6A8, CanadaDepartment of Pediatrics, Division of Immunology, Hematology, Oncology, Palliative Care and Environmental Health, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 1C9, CanadaCongenital heart disease (CHD) is a serious anomaly for which the etiology remains elusive. We explored temporal trend associations between industrial developmental toxicant (DT) air emissions and CHD in Alberta. Patients born between 2004–2011 with a diagnosis of CHD and 18 DTs from the National Pollutant Release Inventory (2003–2010) were identified. We applied principal component analysis (PCA) to DT amounts and toxicity risk scores (RS) and defined yearly crude CHD and septal defects rates for urban and rural regions. Correlations between DT groups and CHD rates were examined with Spearman test and Bonferroni correction was conducted for multiple comparisons. PCA identified three DT groups: Group 1 (volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and other gases,) Group 2 (other VOCs), and Group 3 (mainly heavy metals). Province-wide, we found associations between Group 1 DTs and CHD and septal defect rates, when using amounts (r = 0.86, CI 0.39, 0.97 and r = 0.89, CI 0.48, 0.98, respectively) and RS (r = 0.88, CI 0.47, 0.98 and r = 0.85, CI 0.36, 0.97, respectively). Rural Group 2 DTs were positively associated with septal defect rates in both amounts released and RS (r = 0.91, CI 0.55, 0.98 and r = 0.91, CI 0.55, 0.98, respectively). In this exploratory study, we found a temporal decrease in emissions and CHD rates in rural regions and a potential positive association between CHD and septal defect rates and mixtures of organic compounds with or without gases.http://www.mdpi.com/2078-1547/9/2/28congenital heart diseaseplanetary healthindustrial emissionsair pollutiondevelopmental toxicants |
| spellingShingle | Deliwe Precious Ngwezi Lisa K. Hornberger Jose Luis Cabeza-Gonzalez Sujata Chandra Deborah Fruitman Alvaro Osornio-Vargas Tracking Trends in Emissions of Developmental Toxicants and Potential Associations with Congenital Heart Disease in Alberta, Canada Challenges congenital heart disease planetary health industrial emissions air pollution developmental toxicants |
| title | Tracking Trends in Emissions of Developmental Toxicants and Potential Associations with Congenital Heart Disease in Alberta, Canada |
| title_full | Tracking Trends in Emissions of Developmental Toxicants and Potential Associations with Congenital Heart Disease in Alberta, Canada |
| title_fullStr | Tracking Trends in Emissions of Developmental Toxicants and Potential Associations with Congenital Heart Disease in Alberta, Canada |
| title_full_unstemmed | Tracking Trends in Emissions of Developmental Toxicants and Potential Associations with Congenital Heart Disease in Alberta, Canada |
| title_short | Tracking Trends in Emissions of Developmental Toxicants and Potential Associations with Congenital Heart Disease in Alberta, Canada |
| title_sort | tracking trends in emissions of developmental toxicants and potential associations with congenital heart disease in alberta canada |
| topic | congenital heart disease planetary health industrial emissions air pollution developmental toxicants |
| url | http://www.mdpi.com/2078-1547/9/2/28 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT deliwepreciousngwezi trackingtrendsinemissionsofdevelopmentaltoxicantsandpotentialassociationswithcongenitalheartdiseaseinalbertacanada AT lisakhornberger trackingtrendsinemissionsofdevelopmentaltoxicantsandpotentialassociationswithcongenitalheartdiseaseinalbertacanada AT joseluiscabezagonzalez trackingtrendsinemissionsofdevelopmentaltoxicantsandpotentialassociationswithcongenitalheartdiseaseinalbertacanada AT sujatachandra trackingtrendsinemissionsofdevelopmentaltoxicantsandpotentialassociationswithcongenitalheartdiseaseinalbertacanada AT deborahfruitman trackingtrendsinemissionsofdevelopmentaltoxicantsandpotentialassociationswithcongenitalheartdiseaseinalbertacanada AT alvaroosorniovargas trackingtrendsinemissionsofdevelopmentaltoxicantsandpotentialassociationswithcongenitalheartdiseaseinalbertacanada |