Exosomes derived from umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells in mechanical environment show improved osteochondral activity via upregulation of LncRNA H19
Background: Exosomes derived from stem cells have been demonstrated to be good candidates for the treatment of osteochondral injury. Our previous studies have demonstrated that mechanical stimulation could be crucial for the secretion of exosomes derived from umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (U...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2021-01-01
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| Series: | Journal of Orthopaedic Translation |
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| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2214031X20300358 |
| _version_ | 1818384216790925312 |
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| author | Litao Yan Gejun Liu Xing Wu |
| author_facet | Litao Yan Gejun Liu Xing Wu |
| author_sort | Litao Yan |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background: Exosomes derived from stem cells have been demonstrated to be good candidates for the treatment of osteochondral injury. Our previous studies have demonstrated that mechanical stimulation could be crucial for the secretion of exosomes derived from umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (U-MSCs). Therefore, we explore whether mechanical stimulation caused by a rotary cell culture system (RCCS) has a beneficial effect on exosome yield and biological function. Methods: U-MSCs were subjected to an RCCS at different rotational speeds and exosomes were characterised by transmission electron microscopy, nanoparticle tracking analysis and western blotting. small-interfering RNAs of Rab27a (siRNA-Rab27a) was used to reduce exosome production. Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) was used to detect the expression of mechanically sensitive long non-coding RNA H19 (LncRNA H19). The effects of exosomes on chondrocyte proliferation were examined using cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8), toluidine blue staining and a series of related genes. Annexin V-FITC and PI (V-FITC/PI) flow cytometry was used to detect the effect of exosomes on the inhibition of chondrocyte apoptosis. Macroscopic evaluation, MRI quantification and immunohistochemical staining were conducted to investigate the in vivo effects of exosomal LncRNA H19 through SD rat cartilage defect models. Results: RCCS significantly promoted exosome production at 36 rpm/min within 196 h. Mechanical stimulation was able to increase the expression level of exosomes. The exosomal LncRNA H19 was found to promote chondrocyte proliferation and matrix synthesis and inhibit apoptosis in vitro. Chondral regeneration activity was lost in LncRNA H19-defective exosomes. The injection of exosomal LncRNA H19 in vivo resulted in improved macroscopic assessment, MRI quantification and histological analysis. Moreover, exosomal LncRNA H19 was able to relieve pain levels during the early stages of cartilage repair in an animal experiment. Conclusion: Our findings confirmed that mechanical stimulation can enhance exosome yield as well as biological function for the repair of cartilage defects. The underlying mechanism may be related to the high expression of LncRNA H19 in exosomes. The translational potential of this article: This study provides a theoretical support of optimizing exosome production. It advances the yield of mesenchymal stem cell exosome and facilitate the clinical application to repair of osteochondral damage. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-14T03:18:44Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-917c1007608b41c891ce991c063164c6 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2214-031X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-14T03:18:44Z |
| publishDate | 2021-01-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Orthopaedic Translation |
| spelling | doaj.art-917c1007608b41c891ce991c063164c62022-12-21T23:19:05ZengElsevierJournal of Orthopaedic Translation2214-031X2021-01-0126111120Exosomes derived from umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells in mechanical environment show improved osteochondral activity via upregulation of LncRNA H19Litao Yan0Gejun Liu1Xing Wu2Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200072, People's Republic of ChinaDepartment of Orthopedics, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200072, People's Republic of ChinaCorresponding author. Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200072, People's Republic of China.; Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200072, People's Republic of ChinaBackground: Exosomes derived from stem cells have been demonstrated to be good candidates for the treatment of osteochondral injury. Our previous studies have demonstrated that mechanical stimulation could be crucial for the secretion of exosomes derived from umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (U-MSCs). Therefore, we explore whether mechanical stimulation caused by a rotary cell culture system (RCCS) has a beneficial effect on exosome yield and biological function. Methods: U-MSCs were subjected to an RCCS at different rotational speeds and exosomes were characterised by transmission electron microscopy, nanoparticle tracking analysis and western blotting. small-interfering RNAs of Rab27a (siRNA-Rab27a) was used to reduce exosome production. Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) was used to detect the expression of mechanically sensitive long non-coding RNA H19 (LncRNA H19). The effects of exosomes on chondrocyte proliferation were examined using cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8), toluidine blue staining and a series of related genes. Annexin V-FITC and PI (V-FITC/PI) flow cytometry was used to detect the effect of exosomes on the inhibition of chondrocyte apoptosis. Macroscopic evaluation, MRI quantification and immunohistochemical staining were conducted to investigate the in vivo effects of exosomal LncRNA H19 through SD rat cartilage defect models. Results: RCCS significantly promoted exosome production at 36 rpm/min within 196 h. Mechanical stimulation was able to increase the expression level of exosomes. The exosomal LncRNA H19 was found to promote chondrocyte proliferation and matrix synthesis and inhibit apoptosis in vitro. Chondral regeneration activity was lost in LncRNA H19-defective exosomes. The injection of exosomal LncRNA H19 in vivo resulted in improved macroscopic assessment, MRI quantification and histological analysis. Moreover, exosomal LncRNA H19 was able to relieve pain levels during the early stages of cartilage repair in an animal experiment. Conclusion: Our findings confirmed that mechanical stimulation can enhance exosome yield as well as biological function for the repair of cartilage defects. The underlying mechanism may be related to the high expression of LncRNA H19 in exosomes. The translational potential of this article: This study provides a theoretical support of optimizing exosome production. It advances the yield of mesenchymal stem cell exosome and facilitate the clinical application to repair of osteochondral damage.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2214031X20300358ChondrocytesExosomesLncRNA H19Mechanical stimulationMesenchymal stem cells |
| spellingShingle | Litao Yan Gejun Liu Xing Wu Exosomes derived from umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells in mechanical environment show improved osteochondral activity via upregulation of LncRNA H19 Journal of Orthopaedic Translation Chondrocytes Exosomes LncRNA H19 Mechanical stimulation Mesenchymal stem cells |
| title | Exosomes derived from umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells in mechanical environment show improved osteochondral activity via upregulation of LncRNA H19 |
| title_full | Exosomes derived from umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells in mechanical environment show improved osteochondral activity via upregulation of LncRNA H19 |
| title_fullStr | Exosomes derived from umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells in mechanical environment show improved osteochondral activity via upregulation of LncRNA H19 |
| title_full_unstemmed | Exosomes derived from umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells in mechanical environment show improved osteochondral activity via upregulation of LncRNA H19 |
| title_short | Exosomes derived from umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells in mechanical environment show improved osteochondral activity via upregulation of LncRNA H19 |
| title_sort | exosomes derived from umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells in mechanical environment show improved osteochondral activity via upregulation of lncrna h19 |
| topic | Chondrocytes Exosomes LncRNA H19 Mechanical stimulation Mesenchymal stem cells |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2214031X20300358 |
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