Diversity of Rhizobia and Importance of Their Interactions with Legume Trees for Feasibility and Sustainability of the Tropical Agrosystems
Symbiotic biological nitrogen fixation (BNF) is a complex process that involves rhizobia, a diverse group of α and β-proteobacteria bacteria, and legume species. Benefits provided by BNF associated with legume trees in tropical environments include improvements to efficiency of nitrogen (N) use, inc...
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MDPI AG
2020-05-01
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| author | Emanoel G. Moura Cristina S. Carvalho Cassia P. C. Bucher Juliana L. B. Souza Alana C. F. Aguiar Altamiro S. L. Ferraz Junior Carlos A. Bucher Katia P. Coelho |
| author_facet | Emanoel G. Moura Cristina S. Carvalho Cassia P. C. Bucher Juliana L. B. Souza Alana C. F. Aguiar Altamiro S. L. Ferraz Junior Carlos A. Bucher Katia P. Coelho |
| author_sort | Emanoel G. Moura |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Symbiotic biological nitrogen fixation (BNF) is a complex process that involves rhizobia, a diverse group of α and β-proteobacteria bacteria, and legume species. Benefits provided by BNF associated with legume trees in tropical environments include improvements to efficiency of nitrogen (N) use, increase of soil carbon sequestration, stabilization of soil organic matter, decrease of soil penetration resistance, and improvement of soil fertility. All these benefits make BNF a crucial ecosystem service to the sustainability of tropical agriculture. Due to the importance of this ecological process and the high diversity of rhizobia, these bacteria have been extensively characterized worldwide. Currently, over 400 species of rhizobia are known, distributed into seven families. In the humid tropics, <i>Leucaena leucocephala</i>, <i>Acacia mangium</i>, <i>Gliricidia sepium</i>, and <i>Clitoria fairchildiana</i> are four of the most common species used by family farmers to create sustainable agricultural systems. These four legumes perform symbiosis with different groups of rhizobia. Exploring BNF could help to enable sustainable intensification of agriculture in the humid tropics, mainly because it can increase N use efficiency in an environment where N is a limiting factor to plant growth. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T19:37:50Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-918dce1cf22846e485344b54c1501459 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1424-2818 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T19:37:50Z |
| publishDate | 2020-05-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Diversity |
| spelling | doaj.art-918dce1cf22846e485344b54c15014592023-11-20T01:35:14ZengMDPI AGDiversity1424-28182020-05-0112520610.3390/d12050206Diversity of Rhizobia and Importance of Their Interactions with Legume Trees for Feasibility and Sustainability of the Tropical AgrosystemsEmanoel G. Moura0Cristina S. Carvalho1Cassia P. C. Bucher2Juliana L. B. Souza3Alana C. F. Aguiar4Altamiro S. L. Ferraz Junior5Carlos A. Bucher6Katia P. Coelho7Postgraduate Program in Agroecology, Maranhão State University, Lourenço Vieira da Silva Avenue, 1000, Jardim São Cristovão, São Luís 65055-310, MA, BrazilPostgraduate Program in Agroecology, Maranhão State University, Lourenço Vieira da Silva Avenue, 1000, Jardim São Cristovão, São Luís 65055-310, MA, BrazilDepartment of Soils, Federal Rural University of Rio de Janeiro, BR 465, Km 07, Seropédica 23890-000, RJ, BrazilPostgraduate Program in Biodiversity and Conservation, Federal University of Maranhão, Portuguese Avenue, 1966, Bacanga, São Luís 65080-805, MA, BrazilBiology Department, Federal University of Maranhão, Portuguese Avenue, 1966, Bacanga, São Luís 65080-805, MA, BrazilPostgraduate Program in Agroecology, Maranhão State University, Lourenço Vieira da Silva Avenue, 1000, Jardim São Cristovão, São Luís 65055-310, MA, BrazilDepartment of Fitotecnia, Federal Rural University of Rio de Janeiro, BR 465, Km 07, Seropédica 23890-000, RJ, BrazilAgricultural Engineering Department/Postgraduate Program in Agroecology, Maranhão State University, Lourenço Vieira da Silva Avenue, 1000, Jardim São Cristovão, São Luís 65055-310, MA, BrazilSymbiotic biological nitrogen fixation (BNF) is a complex process that involves rhizobia, a diverse group of α and β-proteobacteria bacteria, and legume species. Benefits provided by BNF associated with legume trees in tropical environments include improvements to efficiency of nitrogen (N) use, increase of soil carbon sequestration, stabilization of soil organic matter, decrease of soil penetration resistance, and improvement of soil fertility. All these benefits make BNF a crucial ecosystem service to the sustainability of tropical agriculture. Due to the importance of this ecological process and the high diversity of rhizobia, these bacteria have been extensively characterized worldwide. Currently, over 400 species of rhizobia are known, distributed into seven families. In the humid tropics, <i>Leucaena leucocephala</i>, <i>Acacia mangium</i>, <i>Gliricidia sepium</i>, and <i>Clitoria fairchildiana</i> are four of the most common species used by family farmers to create sustainable agricultural systems. These four legumes perform symbiosis with different groups of rhizobia. Exploring BNF could help to enable sustainable intensification of agriculture in the humid tropics, mainly because it can increase N use efficiency in an environment where N is a limiting factor to plant growth.https://www.mdpi.com/1424-2818/12/5/206biological nitrogen fixationnitrogen<i>Leucaena leucocephala</i><i>Acacia mangium</i><i>Gliricidia sepium</i><i>Clitoria fairchildiana</i> |
| spellingShingle | Emanoel G. Moura Cristina S. Carvalho Cassia P. C. Bucher Juliana L. B. Souza Alana C. F. Aguiar Altamiro S. L. Ferraz Junior Carlos A. Bucher Katia P. Coelho Diversity of Rhizobia and Importance of Their Interactions with Legume Trees for Feasibility and Sustainability of the Tropical Agrosystems Diversity biological nitrogen fixation nitrogen <i>Leucaena leucocephala</i> <i>Acacia mangium</i> <i>Gliricidia sepium</i> <i>Clitoria fairchildiana</i> |
| title | Diversity of Rhizobia and Importance of Their Interactions with Legume Trees for Feasibility and Sustainability of the Tropical Agrosystems |
| title_full | Diversity of Rhizobia and Importance of Their Interactions with Legume Trees for Feasibility and Sustainability of the Tropical Agrosystems |
| title_fullStr | Diversity of Rhizobia and Importance of Their Interactions with Legume Trees for Feasibility and Sustainability of the Tropical Agrosystems |
| title_full_unstemmed | Diversity of Rhizobia and Importance of Their Interactions with Legume Trees for Feasibility and Sustainability of the Tropical Agrosystems |
| title_short | Diversity of Rhizobia and Importance of Their Interactions with Legume Trees for Feasibility and Sustainability of the Tropical Agrosystems |
| title_sort | diversity of rhizobia and importance of their interactions with legume trees for feasibility and sustainability of the tropical agrosystems |
| topic | biological nitrogen fixation nitrogen <i>Leucaena leucocephala</i> <i>Acacia mangium</i> <i>Gliricidia sepium</i> <i>Clitoria fairchildiana</i> |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-2818/12/5/206 |
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