| Summary: | In 2019, cyanobacterial samples were collected from thermal sites in Yellowstone National Park. In this paper, we discuss the considerable richness of representatives of simple filamentous cyanobacteria. Using a polyphasic approach, one new genus, <i>Copelandiella</i>, with two species (<i>C. yellowstonensis</i> and <i>C. thermalis</i>) and eight additional new species <i>Albertania prattii</i>, <i>K. anagnostidisii</i>, <i>Kovacikia brockii</i>, <i>Leptolyngbya tildenae</i>, <i>L. vaporiphila</i>, <i>Nodosilinea calida</i>, <i>N. igneolacustris</i>, and <i>Oculatella castenholzii</i> were described. At the same time, by analyzing our new molecular data, we concluded that other genera of trichal cyanobacteria can be merged with existing genera: species within the genus <i>Plectolyngbya</i> are herein transferred to <i>Leptolyngbya</i>, and if some nomenclatural issues are resolved, species within the genus <i>Leptothermofonsia</i> will be subsequently transferred to the genus <i>Kovacikia</i>, an earlier synonym.
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