Prediction of Permeate Flux in Ultrafiltration Processes: A Review of Modeling Approaches
In any membrane filtration, the prediction of permeate flux is critical to calculate the membrane surface required, which is an essential parameter for scaling-up, equipment sizing, and cost determination. For this reason, several models based on phenomenological or theoretical derivation (such as g...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2021-05-01
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| Series: | Membranes |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0375/11/5/368 |
| _version_ | 1827692214041444352 |
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| author | Carolina Quezada Humberto Estay Alfredo Cassano Elizabeth Troncoso René Ruby-Figueroa |
| author_facet | Carolina Quezada Humberto Estay Alfredo Cassano Elizabeth Troncoso René Ruby-Figueroa |
| author_sort | Carolina Quezada |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | In any membrane filtration, the prediction of permeate flux is critical to calculate the membrane surface required, which is an essential parameter for scaling-up, equipment sizing, and cost determination. For this reason, several models based on phenomenological or theoretical derivation (such as gel-polarization, osmotic pressure, resistance-in-series, and fouling models) and non-phenomenological models have been developed and widely used to describe the limiting phenomena as well as to predict the permeate flux. In general, the development of models or their modifications is done for a particular synthetic model solution and membrane system that shows a good capacity of prediction. However, in more complex matrices, such as fruit juices, those models might not have the same performance. In this context, the present work shows a review of different phenomenological and non-phenomenological models for permeate flux prediction in UF, and a comparison, between selected models, of the permeate flux predictive capacity. Selected models were tested with data from our previous work reported for three fruit juices (bergamot, kiwi, and pomegranate) processed in a cross-flow system for 10 h. The validation of each selected model’s capacity of prediction was performed through a robust statistical examination, including a residual analysis. The results obtained, within the statistically validated models, showed that phenomenological models present a high variability of prediction (values of R-square in the range of 75.91–99.78%), Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE) in the range of 3.14–51.69, and Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) in the range of 0.22–2.01 among the investigated juices. The non-phenomenological models showed a great capacity to predict permeate flux with R-squares higher than 97% and lower MAPE (0.25–2.03) and RMSE (3.74–28.91). Even though the estimated parameters have no physical meaning and do not shed light into the fundamental mechanistic principles that govern these processes, these results suggest that non-phenomenological models are a useful tool from a practical point of view to predict the permeate flux, under defined operating conditions, in membrane separation processes. However, the phenomenological models are still a proper tool for scaling-up and for an understanding the UF process. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T11:17:14Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-919ff63739ed43089c289568d484371c |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2077-0375 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T11:17:14Z |
| publishDate | 2021-05-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Membranes |
| spelling | doaj.art-919ff63739ed43089c289568d484371c2023-11-21T20:18:14ZengMDPI AGMembranes2077-03752021-05-0111536810.3390/membranes11050368Prediction of Permeate Flux in Ultrafiltration Processes: A Review of Modeling ApproachesCarolina Quezada0Humberto Estay1Alfredo Cassano2Elizabeth Troncoso3René Ruby-Figueroa4Programa Institucional de Fomento a la Investigación, Desarrollo e Innovación (PIDi), Universidad Tecnológica Metropolitana, Santiago 8940577, ChileAdvanced Mining Technology Center (AMTC), University of Chile, Av. Tupper 2007 (AMTC Building), Santiago 8370451, ChileInstitute on Membrane Technology, ITM-CNR, via P. Bucci, 17/C, I-87030 Rende, ItalyPrograma Institucional de Fomento a la Investigación, Desarrollo e Innovación (PIDi), Universidad Tecnológica Metropolitana, Santiago 8940577, ChilePrograma Institucional de Fomento a la Investigación, Desarrollo e Innovación (PIDi), Universidad Tecnológica Metropolitana, Santiago 8940577, ChileIn any membrane filtration, the prediction of permeate flux is critical to calculate the membrane surface required, which is an essential parameter for scaling-up, equipment sizing, and cost determination. For this reason, several models based on phenomenological or theoretical derivation (such as gel-polarization, osmotic pressure, resistance-in-series, and fouling models) and non-phenomenological models have been developed and widely used to describe the limiting phenomena as well as to predict the permeate flux. In general, the development of models or their modifications is done for a particular synthetic model solution and membrane system that shows a good capacity of prediction. However, in more complex matrices, such as fruit juices, those models might not have the same performance. In this context, the present work shows a review of different phenomenological and non-phenomenological models for permeate flux prediction in UF, and a comparison, between selected models, of the permeate flux predictive capacity. Selected models were tested with data from our previous work reported for three fruit juices (bergamot, kiwi, and pomegranate) processed in a cross-flow system for 10 h. The validation of each selected model’s capacity of prediction was performed through a robust statistical examination, including a residual analysis. The results obtained, within the statistically validated models, showed that phenomenological models present a high variability of prediction (values of R-square in the range of 75.91–99.78%), Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE) in the range of 3.14–51.69, and Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) in the range of 0.22–2.01 among the investigated juices. The non-phenomenological models showed a great capacity to predict permeate flux with R-squares higher than 97% and lower MAPE (0.25–2.03) and RMSE (3.74–28.91). Even though the estimated parameters have no physical meaning and do not shed light into the fundamental mechanistic principles that govern these processes, these results suggest that non-phenomenological models are a useful tool from a practical point of view to predict the permeate flux, under defined operating conditions, in membrane separation processes. However, the phenomenological models are still a proper tool for scaling-up and for an understanding the UF process.https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0375/11/5/368ultrafiltrationphenomenological modelsnon-phenomenological modelspermeate flux prediction |
| spellingShingle | Carolina Quezada Humberto Estay Alfredo Cassano Elizabeth Troncoso René Ruby-Figueroa Prediction of Permeate Flux in Ultrafiltration Processes: A Review of Modeling Approaches Membranes ultrafiltration phenomenological models non-phenomenological models permeate flux prediction |
| title | Prediction of Permeate Flux in Ultrafiltration Processes: A Review of Modeling Approaches |
| title_full | Prediction of Permeate Flux in Ultrafiltration Processes: A Review of Modeling Approaches |
| title_fullStr | Prediction of Permeate Flux in Ultrafiltration Processes: A Review of Modeling Approaches |
| title_full_unstemmed | Prediction of Permeate Flux in Ultrafiltration Processes: A Review of Modeling Approaches |
| title_short | Prediction of Permeate Flux in Ultrafiltration Processes: A Review of Modeling Approaches |
| title_sort | prediction of permeate flux in ultrafiltration processes a review of modeling approaches |
| topic | ultrafiltration phenomenological models non-phenomenological models permeate flux prediction |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0375/11/5/368 |
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