No Significant Association between 25-OH Vitamin D Status and SARS-CoV-2 Antibody Response after COVID-19 Vaccination in Nursing Home Residents and Staff

Vitamin D is an essential nutrient for various physiological functions, including immunity. While it has been suggested that higher vitamin D levels/supplementation are associated with a better immune response to COVID-19 vaccination, conflicting data exist. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the as...

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Main Authors: Eline Meyers, Evelien De Smet, Hanne Vercruysse, Steven Callens, Elizaveta Padalko, Stefan Heytens, Linos Vandekerckhove, Piet Cools, Wojciech Witkowski
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: MDPI AG 2023-08-01
Series:Vaccines
Subjects:
Online Access:https://www.mdpi.com/2076-393X/11/8/1343
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author Eline Meyers
Evelien De Smet
Hanne Vercruysse
Steven Callens
Elizaveta Padalko
Stefan Heytens
Linos Vandekerckhove
Piet Cools
Wojciech Witkowski
author_facet Eline Meyers
Evelien De Smet
Hanne Vercruysse
Steven Callens
Elizaveta Padalko
Stefan Heytens
Linos Vandekerckhove
Piet Cools
Wojciech Witkowski
author_sort Eline Meyers
collection DOAJ
description Vitamin D is an essential nutrient for various physiological functions, including immunity. While it has been suggested that higher vitamin D levels/supplementation are associated with a better immune response to COVID-19 vaccination, conflicting data exist. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the association between vitamin D (25-hydroxyvitamin D) deficiency/supplementation, and SARS-CoV-2 antibody responses post-vaccination in nursing home residents (NHRs) and staff (NHS). Blood samples were collected from 115 NHRs and 254 NHS at baseline and 14 days after primary course BNT162b2 vaccination. Baseline samples were assessed for serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels, while follow-up samples were analyzed for spike protein S1 receptor-binding domain (S1RBD) IgG antibody concentrations and 50% pseudoneutralization titers. Vitamin D supplementation status was obtained from NHRs medical records. We compared immune responses between (severe) vitamin D-deficient and -sufficient NHRs/NHS and between supplemented and non-supplemented NHRs, stratified for history of SARS-CoV-2 infection and participant type. No significant differences in either binding or neutralizing COVID-19 vaccine antibody response were found between groups. The prevalence of vitamin D deficiency (<20 ng/mL) was 45% (95% CI: 36–54%) among NHRs and 60% (95% CI: 54–66%) among NHS. Although we showed that vitamin D status may not be related to a better COVID-19 vaccine antibody response, addressing the high prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in the nursing home population remains important.
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spelling doaj.art-91bb9ac9e1a54f49a7e50e4eae0e3af72023-11-19T03:17:49ZengMDPI AGVaccines2076-393X2023-08-01118134310.3390/vaccines11081343No Significant Association between 25-OH Vitamin D Status and SARS-CoV-2 Antibody Response after COVID-19 Vaccination in Nursing Home Residents and StaffEline Meyers0Evelien De Smet1Hanne Vercruysse2Steven Callens3Elizaveta Padalko4Stefan Heytens5Linos Vandekerckhove6Piet Cools7Wojciech Witkowski8Department of Diagnostic Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, BelgiumHIV Cure Research Center, Department of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, BelgiumResearch and Analytics, Liantis, 8000 Bruges, BelgiumDepartment of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, BelgiumDepartment of Diagnostic Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, BelgiumDepartment of Public Health and Primary Care, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, BelgiumHIV Cure Research Center, Department of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, BelgiumDepartment of Diagnostic Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, BelgiumHIV Cure Research Center, Department of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, BelgiumVitamin D is an essential nutrient for various physiological functions, including immunity. While it has been suggested that higher vitamin D levels/supplementation are associated with a better immune response to COVID-19 vaccination, conflicting data exist. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the association between vitamin D (25-hydroxyvitamin D) deficiency/supplementation, and SARS-CoV-2 antibody responses post-vaccination in nursing home residents (NHRs) and staff (NHS). Blood samples were collected from 115 NHRs and 254 NHS at baseline and 14 days after primary course BNT162b2 vaccination. Baseline samples were assessed for serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels, while follow-up samples were analyzed for spike protein S1 receptor-binding domain (S1RBD) IgG antibody concentrations and 50% pseudoneutralization titers. Vitamin D supplementation status was obtained from NHRs medical records. We compared immune responses between (severe) vitamin D-deficient and -sufficient NHRs/NHS and between supplemented and non-supplemented NHRs, stratified for history of SARS-CoV-2 infection and participant type. No significant differences in either binding or neutralizing COVID-19 vaccine antibody response were found between groups. The prevalence of vitamin D deficiency (<20 ng/mL) was 45% (95% CI: 36–54%) among NHRs and 60% (95% CI: 54–66%) among NHS. Although we showed that vitamin D status may not be related to a better COVID-19 vaccine antibody response, addressing the high prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in the nursing home population remains important.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-393X/11/8/1343vitamin D25-hydroxyvitamin Dolder adultsnursing home residentsnursing homesSARS-CoV-2
spellingShingle Eline Meyers
Evelien De Smet
Hanne Vercruysse
Steven Callens
Elizaveta Padalko
Stefan Heytens
Linos Vandekerckhove
Piet Cools
Wojciech Witkowski
No Significant Association between 25-OH Vitamin D Status and SARS-CoV-2 Antibody Response after COVID-19 Vaccination in Nursing Home Residents and Staff
Vaccines
vitamin D
25-hydroxyvitamin D
older adults
nursing home residents
nursing homes
SARS-CoV-2
title No Significant Association between 25-OH Vitamin D Status and SARS-CoV-2 Antibody Response after COVID-19 Vaccination in Nursing Home Residents and Staff
title_full No Significant Association between 25-OH Vitamin D Status and SARS-CoV-2 Antibody Response after COVID-19 Vaccination in Nursing Home Residents and Staff
title_fullStr No Significant Association between 25-OH Vitamin D Status and SARS-CoV-2 Antibody Response after COVID-19 Vaccination in Nursing Home Residents and Staff
title_full_unstemmed No Significant Association between 25-OH Vitamin D Status and SARS-CoV-2 Antibody Response after COVID-19 Vaccination in Nursing Home Residents and Staff
title_short No Significant Association between 25-OH Vitamin D Status and SARS-CoV-2 Antibody Response after COVID-19 Vaccination in Nursing Home Residents and Staff
title_sort no significant association between 25 oh vitamin d status and sars cov 2 antibody response after covid 19 vaccination in nursing home residents and staff
topic vitamin D
25-hydroxyvitamin D
older adults
nursing home residents
nursing homes
SARS-CoV-2
url https://www.mdpi.com/2076-393X/11/8/1343
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