Biocompatibility, Bioactivity, and Antibacterial Behaviour of Cerium-Containing Bioglass<sup>®</sup>
The main reason for the increased use of dental implants in clinical practice is associated with aesthetic parameters. Implants are also presented as the only technique that conserves and stimulates natural bone. However, there are several problems associated with infections, such as peri-implantiti...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2022-12-01
|
| Series: | Nanomaterials |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-4991/12/24/4479 |
| _version_ | 1797455950453407744 |
|---|---|
| author | Sílvia R. Gavinho Ana Sofia Pádua Isabel Sá-Nogueira Jorge C. Silva João P. Borges Luis C. Costa Manuel Pedro F. Graça |
| author_facet | Sílvia R. Gavinho Ana Sofia Pádua Isabel Sá-Nogueira Jorge C. Silva João P. Borges Luis C. Costa Manuel Pedro F. Graça |
| author_sort | Sílvia R. Gavinho |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The main reason for the increased use of dental implants in clinical practice is associated with aesthetic parameters. Implants are also presented as the only technique that conserves and stimulates natural bone. However, there are several problems associated with infections, such as peri-implantitis. This disease reveals a progressive inflammatory action that affects the hard and soft tissues surrounding the implant, leading to implant loss. To prevent the onset of this disease, coating the implant with bioactive glasses has been suggested. In addition to its intrinsic function of promoting bone regeneration, it is also possible to insert therapeutic ions, such as cerium. Cerium has several advantages when the aim is to improve osseointegration and prevent infectious problems with dental implant placement. It promotes increased growth and the differentiation of osteoblasts, improves the mechanical properties of bone, and prevents bacterial adhesion and proliferation that may occur on the implant surface. This antibacterial effect is due to its ability to disrupt the cell wall and membrane of bacteria, thus interfering with vital metabolic functions such as respiration. In addition, its antioxidant effect reverses oxidative stress after implantation in bone. In this work, Bioglass 45S5 with CeO<sub>2</sub> with different percentages (0.25, 0.5, 1, and 2 mol%) was developed by the melt-quenching method. The materials were analyzed in terms of morphological, structural, and biological (cytotoxicity, bioactivity, and antibacterial activity) properties. The addition of cerium did not promote structural changes to the bioactive glass, which shows no cytotoxicity for the Saos-2 cell line up to 25 mg/mL of extract concentration for all cerium contents. For the maximum cerium concentration (2 mol%) the bioactive glass shows an evident inhibitory effect for <i>Escherichia coli</i> and <i>Streptococcus mutans</i> bacteria. Furthermore, all samples showed the beginning of the deposition of a CaP-rich layer on the surface of the material after 24 h. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T16:01:27Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-91c738a89db442bd91d911eabcfa307e |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2079-4991 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T16:01:27Z |
| publishDate | 2022-12-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Nanomaterials |
| spelling | doaj.art-91c738a89db442bd91d911eabcfa307e2023-11-24T17:05:04ZengMDPI AGNanomaterials2079-49912022-12-011224447910.3390/nano12244479Biocompatibility, Bioactivity, and Antibacterial Behaviour of Cerium-Containing Bioglass<sup>®</sup>Sílvia R. Gavinho0Ana Sofia Pádua1Isabel Sá-Nogueira2Jorge C. Silva3João P. Borges4Luis C. Costa5Manuel Pedro F. Graça6I3N and Physics Department, Aveiro University, 3810-193 Aveiro, PortugalI3N-CENIMAT, New University of Lisbon, 2825-097 Caparica, PortugalAssociate Laboratory i4HB—Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, NOVA School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, 2819-516 Caparica, PortugalI3N-CENIMAT, New University of Lisbon, 2825-097 Caparica, PortugalI3N-CENIMAT, New University of Lisbon, 2825-097 Caparica, PortugalI3N and Physics Department, Aveiro University, 3810-193 Aveiro, PortugalI3N and Physics Department, Aveiro University, 3810-193 Aveiro, PortugalThe main reason for the increased use of dental implants in clinical practice is associated with aesthetic parameters. Implants are also presented as the only technique that conserves and stimulates natural bone. However, there are several problems associated with infections, such as peri-implantitis. This disease reveals a progressive inflammatory action that affects the hard and soft tissues surrounding the implant, leading to implant loss. To prevent the onset of this disease, coating the implant with bioactive glasses has been suggested. In addition to its intrinsic function of promoting bone regeneration, it is also possible to insert therapeutic ions, such as cerium. Cerium has several advantages when the aim is to improve osseointegration and prevent infectious problems with dental implant placement. It promotes increased growth and the differentiation of osteoblasts, improves the mechanical properties of bone, and prevents bacterial adhesion and proliferation that may occur on the implant surface. This antibacterial effect is due to its ability to disrupt the cell wall and membrane of bacteria, thus interfering with vital metabolic functions such as respiration. In addition, its antioxidant effect reverses oxidative stress after implantation in bone. In this work, Bioglass 45S5 with CeO<sub>2</sub> with different percentages (0.25, 0.5, 1, and 2 mol%) was developed by the melt-quenching method. The materials were analyzed in terms of morphological, structural, and biological (cytotoxicity, bioactivity, and antibacterial activity) properties. The addition of cerium did not promote structural changes to the bioactive glass, which shows no cytotoxicity for the Saos-2 cell line up to 25 mg/mL of extract concentration for all cerium contents. For the maximum cerium concentration (2 mol%) the bioactive glass shows an evident inhibitory effect for <i>Escherichia coli</i> and <i>Streptococcus mutans</i> bacteria. Furthermore, all samples showed the beginning of the deposition of a CaP-rich layer on the surface of the material after 24 h.https://www.mdpi.com/2079-4991/12/24/4479Bioglass<sup>®</sup>ceriumantibacterial propertiesbioactivityimplant coatings |
| spellingShingle | Sílvia R. Gavinho Ana Sofia Pádua Isabel Sá-Nogueira Jorge C. Silva João P. Borges Luis C. Costa Manuel Pedro F. Graça Biocompatibility, Bioactivity, and Antibacterial Behaviour of Cerium-Containing Bioglass<sup>®</sup> Nanomaterials Bioglass<sup>®</sup> cerium antibacterial properties bioactivity implant coatings |
| title | Biocompatibility, Bioactivity, and Antibacterial Behaviour of Cerium-Containing Bioglass<sup>®</sup> |
| title_full | Biocompatibility, Bioactivity, and Antibacterial Behaviour of Cerium-Containing Bioglass<sup>®</sup> |
| title_fullStr | Biocompatibility, Bioactivity, and Antibacterial Behaviour of Cerium-Containing Bioglass<sup>®</sup> |
| title_full_unstemmed | Biocompatibility, Bioactivity, and Antibacterial Behaviour of Cerium-Containing Bioglass<sup>®</sup> |
| title_short | Biocompatibility, Bioactivity, and Antibacterial Behaviour of Cerium-Containing Bioglass<sup>®</sup> |
| title_sort | biocompatibility bioactivity and antibacterial behaviour of cerium containing bioglass sup r sup |
| topic | Bioglass<sup>®</sup> cerium antibacterial properties bioactivity implant coatings |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-4991/12/24/4479 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT silviargavinho biocompatibilitybioactivityandantibacterialbehaviourofceriumcontainingbioglasssupsup AT anasofiapadua biocompatibilitybioactivityandantibacterialbehaviourofceriumcontainingbioglasssupsup AT isabelsanogueira biocompatibilitybioactivityandantibacterialbehaviourofceriumcontainingbioglasssupsup AT jorgecsilva biocompatibilitybioactivityandantibacterialbehaviourofceriumcontainingbioglasssupsup AT joaopborges biocompatibilitybioactivityandantibacterialbehaviourofceriumcontainingbioglasssupsup AT luisccosta biocompatibilitybioactivityandantibacterialbehaviourofceriumcontainingbioglasssupsup AT manuelpedrofgraca biocompatibilitybioactivityandantibacterialbehaviourofceriumcontainingbioglasssupsup |