After trees die: quantities and determinants of necromass across Amazonia
The Amazon basin, one of the most substantial biomass carbon pools on earth, is characterised by strong macroecological gradients in biomass, mortality rates, and wood density from west to east. These gradients could affect necromass stocks, but this has not yet been tested. This study aims to asses...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Copernicus Publications
2009-08-01
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| Series: | Biogeosciences |
| Online Access: | http://www.biogeosciences.net/6/1615/2009/bg-6-1615-2009.pdf |
| _version_ | 1818562909673881600 |
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| author | K.-J. Chao O. L. Phillips T. R. Baker J. Peacock G. Lopez-Gonzalez R. Vásquez Martínez A. Monteagudo A. Torres-Lezama |
| author_facet | K.-J. Chao O. L. Phillips T. R. Baker J. Peacock G. Lopez-Gonzalez R. Vásquez Martínez A. Monteagudo A. Torres-Lezama |
| author_sort | K.-J. Chao |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The Amazon basin, one of the most substantial biomass carbon pools on earth, is characterised by strong macroecological gradients in biomass, mortality rates, and wood density from west to east. These gradients could affect necromass stocks, but this has not yet been tested. This study aims to assess the stocks and determinants of necromass across Amazonian forests. Field-based and literature data were used to find relationships between necromass and possible determinants. Furthermore, a simple model was applied to estimate and extrapolate necromass stocks across <i>terra firma</i> Amazonian forests. In eight northwestern and three northeastern Amazonian permanent plots, volumes of coarse woody debris (≥10 cm diameter) were measured in the field and the density of each decay class was estimated. Forest structure and historical mortality data were used to determine the factors controlling necromass. Necromass is greater in forests with low <i>stem</i> mortality rates (northeast) rather than in forests with high <i>stem</i> mortality rates (northwest) (58.5&plusmn;10.6 and 27.3&plusmn;3.2 Mg ha<sup>&minus;1</sup>, respectively). Using all published necromass values, we find that necromass across <i>terra firma</i> forests in Amazonia is positively related to both forest dynamics (mortality <i>mass</i> inputs and a surrogate for decomposition rate (average wood density of living trees)) and forest structure (biomass), but is better explained by forest dynamics. We propose an improved method to estimate necromass for plots where necromass has not been measured. The estimates, together with other actual measurements of necromass, were scaled-up to project a total Amazonian necromass of 9.6&plusmn;1.0 Pg C. The ratio of necromass (on average weighted by forest region) to coarse aboveground biomass is 0.127. Overall, we find (1) a strong spatial trend in necromass in parallel with other macroecological gradients and (2) that necromass is a substantial component of the carbon pool in the Amazon. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-14T01:09:55Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-91cb4bdd1b234228be56d4d85586db0a |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1726-4170 1726-4189 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-14T01:09:55Z |
| publishDate | 2009-08-01 |
| publisher | Copernicus Publications |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Biogeosciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-91cb4bdd1b234228be56d4d85586db0a2022-12-21T23:22:47ZengCopernicus PublicationsBiogeosciences1726-41701726-41892009-08-016816151626After trees die: quantities and determinants of necromass across AmazoniaK.-J. ChaoO. L. PhillipsT. R. BakerJ. PeacockG. Lopez-GonzalezR. Vásquez MartínezA. MonteagudoA. Torres-LezamaThe Amazon basin, one of the most substantial biomass carbon pools on earth, is characterised by strong macroecological gradients in biomass, mortality rates, and wood density from west to east. These gradients could affect necromass stocks, but this has not yet been tested. This study aims to assess the stocks and determinants of necromass across Amazonian forests. Field-based and literature data were used to find relationships between necromass and possible determinants. Furthermore, a simple model was applied to estimate and extrapolate necromass stocks across <i>terra firma</i> Amazonian forests. In eight northwestern and three northeastern Amazonian permanent plots, volumes of coarse woody debris (≥10 cm diameter) were measured in the field and the density of each decay class was estimated. Forest structure and historical mortality data were used to determine the factors controlling necromass. Necromass is greater in forests with low <i>stem</i> mortality rates (northeast) rather than in forests with high <i>stem</i> mortality rates (northwest) (58.5&plusmn;10.6 and 27.3&plusmn;3.2 Mg ha<sup>&minus;1</sup>, respectively). Using all published necromass values, we find that necromass across <i>terra firma</i> forests in Amazonia is positively related to both forest dynamics (mortality <i>mass</i> inputs and a surrogate for decomposition rate (average wood density of living trees)) and forest structure (biomass), but is better explained by forest dynamics. We propose an improved method to estimate necromass for plots where necromass has not been measured. The estimates, together with other actual measurements of necromass, were scaled-up to project a total Amazonian necromass of 9.6&plusmn;1.0 Pg C. The ratio of necromass (on average weighted by forest region) to coarse aboveground biomass is 0.127. Overall, we find (1) a strong spatial trend in necromass in parallel with other macroecological gradients and (2) that necromass is a substantial component of the carbon pool in the Amazon.http://www.biogeosciences.net/6/1615/2009/bg-6-1615-2009.pdf |
| spellingShingle | K.-J. Chao O. L. Phillips T. R. Baker J. Peacock G. Lopez-Gonzalez R. Vásquez Martínez A. Monteagudo A. Torres-Lezama After trees die: quantities and determinants of necromass across Amazonia Biogeosciences |
| title | After trees die: quantities and determinants of necromass across Amazonia |
| title_full | After trees die: quantities and determinants of necromass across Amazonia |
| title_fullStr | After trees die: quantities and determinants of necromass across Amazonia |
| title_full_unstemmed | After trees die: quantities and determinants of necromass across Amazonia |
| title_short | After trees die: quantities and determinants of necromass across Amazonia |
| title_sort | after trees die quantities and determinants of necromass across amazonia |
| url | http://www.biogeosciences.net/6/1615/2009/bg-6-1615-2009.pdf |
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