Exploring Soybean Flower and Pod Variation Patterns During Reproductive Period Based on Fusion Deep Learning
The soybean flower and the pod drop are important factors in soybean yield, and the use of computer vision techniques to obtain the phenotypes of flowers and pods in bulk, as well as in a quick and accurate manner, is a key aspect of the study of the soybean flower and pod drop rate (PDR). This pape...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2022-07-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Plant Science |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpls.2022.922030/full |
| _version_ | 1818532653456949248 |
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| author | Rongsheng Zhu Xueying Wang Zhuangzhuang Yan Yinglin Qiao Huilin Tian Zhenbang Hu Zhanguo Zhang Yang Li Hongjie Zhao Dawei Xin Qingshan Chen |
| author_facet | Rongsheng Zhu Xueying Wang Zhuangzhuang Yan Yinglin Qiao Huilin Tian Zhenbang Hu Zhanguo Zhang Yang Li Hongjie Zhao Dawei Xin Qingshan Chen |
| author_sort | Rongsheng Zhu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The soybean flower and the pod drop are important factors in soybean yield, and the use of computer vision techniques to obtain the phenotypes of flowers and pods in bulk, as well as in a quick and accurate manner, is a key aspect of the study of the soybean flower and pod drop rate (PDR). This paper compared a variety of deep learning algorithms for identifying and counting soybean flowers and pods, and found that the Faster R-CNN model had the best performance. Furthermore, the Faster R-CNN model was further improved and optimized based on the characteristics of soybean flowers and pods. The accuracy of the final model for identifying flowers and pods was increased to 94.36 and 91%, respectively. Afterward, a fusion model for soybean flower and pod recognition and counting was proposed based on the Faster R-CNN model, where the coefficient of determinationR2 between counts of soybean flowers and pods by the fusion model and manual counts reached 0.965 and 0.98, respectively. The above results show that the fusion model is a robust recognition and counting algorithm that can reduce labor intensity and improve efficiency. Its application will greatly facilitate the study of the variable patterns of soybean flowers and pods during the reproductive period. Finally, based on the fusion model, we explored the variable patterns of soybean flowers and pods during the reproductive period, the spatial distribution patterns of soybean flowers and pods, and soybean flower and pod drop patterns. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-11T17:48:21Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-91d05e56b47e4a39b538a1ebfba914e3 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-462X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-11T17:48:21Z |
| publishDate | 2022-07-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Plant Science |
| spelling | doaj.art-91d05e56b47e4a39b538a1ebfba914e32022-12-22T00:56:18ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Plant Science1664-462X2022-07-011310.3389/fpls.2022.922030922030Exploring Soybean Flower and Pod Variation Patterns During Reproductive Period Based on Fusion Deep LearningRongsheng Zhu0Xueying Wang1Zhuangzhuang Yan2Yinglin Qiao3Huilin Tian4Zhenbang Hu5Zhanguo Zhang6Yang Li7Hongjie Zhao8Dawei Xin9Qingshan Chen10College of Arts and Sciences, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, ChinaCollege of Engineering, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, ChinaCollege of Engineering, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, ChinaCollege of Engineering, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, ChinaCollege of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, ChinaCollege of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, ChinaCollege of Arts and Sciences, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, ChinaCollege of Arts and Sciences, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, ChinaCollege of Arts and Sciences, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, ChinaCollege of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, ChinaCollege of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, ChinaThe soybean flower and the pod drop are important factors in soybean yield, and the use of computer vision techniques to obtain the phenotypes of flowers and pods in bulk, as well as in a quick and accurate manner, is a key aspect of the study of the soybean flower and pod drop rate (PDR). This paper compared a variety of deep learning algorithms for identifying and counting soybean flowers and pods, and found that the Faster R-CNN model had the best performance. Furthermore, the Faster R-CNN model was further improved and optimized based on the characteristics of soybean flowers and pods. The accuracy of the final model for identifying flowers and pods was increased to 94.36 and 91%, respectively. Afterward, a fusion model for soybean flower and pod recognition and counting was proposed based on the Faster R-CNN model, where the coefficient of determinationR2 between counts of soybean flowers and pods by the fusion model and manual counts reached 0.965 and 0.98, respectively. The above results show that the fusion model is a robust recognition and counting algorithm that can reduce labor intensity and improve efficiency. Its application will greatly facilitate the study of the variable patterns of soybean flowers and pods during the reproductive period. Finally, based on the fusion model, we explored the variable patterns of soybean flowers and pods during the reproductive period, the spatial distribution patterns of soybean flowers and pods, and soybean flower and pod drop patterns.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpls.2022.922030/fullsoybeanfusion modelflowerpoddeep learning |
| spellingShingle | Rongsheng Zhu Xueying Wang Zhuangzhuang Yan Yinglin Qiao Huilin Tian Zhenbang Hu Zhanguo Zhang Yang Li Hongjie Zhao Dawei Xin Qingshan Chen Exploring Soybean Flower and Pod Variation Patterns During Reproductive Period Based on Fusion Deep Learning Frontiers in Plant Science soybean fusion model flower pod deep learning |
| title | Exploring Soybean Flower and Pod Variation Patterns During Reproductive Period Based on Fusion Deep Learning |
| title_full | Exploring Soybean Flower and Pod Variation Patterns During Reproductive Period Based on Fusion Deep Learning |
| title_fullStr | Exploring Soybean Flower and Pod Variation Patterns During Reproductive Period Based on Fusion Deep Learning |
| title_full_unstemmed | Exploring Soybean Flower and Pod Variation Patterns During Reproductive Period Based on Fusion Deep Learning |
| title_short | Exploring Soybean Flower and Pod Variation Patterns During Reproductive Period Based on Fusion Deep Learning |
| title_sort | exploring soybean flower and pod variation patterns during reproductive period based on fusion deep learning |
| topic | soybean fusion model flower pod deep learning |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpls.2022.922030/full |
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