A protocol to examine vision and gait in Parkinson’s disease: impact of cognition and response to visual cues [version 2; referees: 2 approved]
Background Cognitive and visual impairments are common in Parkinson’s disease (PD) and contribute to gait deficit and falls. To date, cognition and vision in gait in PD have been assessed separately. Impact of both functions (which we term ‘visuo-cognition’) on gait however is likely interactive and...
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| Format: | Article |
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F1000 Research Ltd
2016-03-01
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| Online Access: | http://f1000research.com/articles/4-1379/v2 |
| _version_ | 1818140084122157056 |
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| author | Samuel Stuart Brook Galna Sue Lord Lynn Rochester |
| author_facet | Samuel Stuart Brook Galna Sue Lord Lynn Rochester |
| author_sort | Samuel Stuart |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background Cognitive and visual impairments are common in Parkinson’s disease (PD) and contribute to gait deficit and falls. To date, cognition and vision in gait in PD have been assessed separately. Impact of both functions (which we term ‘visuo-cognition’) on gait however is likely interactive and can be tested using visual sampling (specifically saccadic eye movements) to provide an online behavioural measure of performance. Although experiments using static paradigms show saccadic impairment in PD, few studies have quantified visual sampling during dynamic motor tasks such as gait. This article describes a protocol developed for testing visuo-cognition during gait in order to examine the: 1) independent roles of cognition and vision in gait in PD, 2) interaction between both functions, and 3) role of visuo-cognition in gait in PD. Methods Two groups of older adults (≥50 years old) were recruited; non-demented people with PD (n=60) and age-matched controls (n=40). Participants attended one session and a sub-group (n=25) attended two further sessions in order to establish mobile eye-tracker reliability. Participants walked in a gait laboratory under different attentional (single and dual task), environmental (walk straight, through a door and turning), and cueing (no visual cues and visual cues) conditions. Visual sampling was recorded using synchronised mobile eye-tracker and electrooculography systems, and gait was measured using 3D motion analysis. Discussion This exploratory study examined visuo-cognitive processes and their impact on gait in PD. Improved understanding of the influence of cognitive and visual functions on visual sampling during gait and gait in PD will assist in development of interventions to improve gait and reduce falls risk. This study will also help establish robust mobile eye-tracking methods in older adults and people with PD. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-11T10:38:21Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-91d3dce218214f778bd3376bb31f039a |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2046-1402 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-11T10:38:21Z |
| publishDate | 2016-03-01 |
| publisher | F1000 Research Ltd |
| record_format | Article |
| series | F1000Research |
| spelling | doaj.art-91d3dce218214f778bd3376bb31f039a2022-12-22T01:10:39ZengF1000 Research LtdF1000Research2046-14022016-03-01410.12688/f1000research.7320.28311A protocol to examine vision and gait in Parkinson’s disease: impact of cognition and response to visual cues [version 2; referees: 2 approved]Samuel Stuart0Brook Galna1Sue Lord2Lynn Rochester3Institute of Neuroscience/ Newcastle University Institute for Ageing, Clinical Ageing Research Unit, Newcastle University, Newcastle, NE1 7RU, UKInstitute of Neuroscience/ Newcastle University Institute for Ageing, Clinical Ageing Research Unit, Newcastle University, Newcastle, NE1 7RU, UKInstitute of Neuroscience/ Newcastle University Institute for Ageing, Clinical Ageing Research Unit, Newcastle University, Newcastle, NE1 7RU, UKInstitute of Neuroscience/ Newcastle University Institute for Ageing, Clinical Ageing Research Unit, Newcastle University, Newcastle, NE1 7RU, UKBackground Cognitive and visual impairments are common in Parkinson’s disease (PD) and contribute to gait deficit and falls. To date, cognition and vision in gait in PD have been assessed separately. Impact of both functions (which we term ‘visuo-cognition’) on gait however is likely interactive and can be tested using visual sampling (specifically saccadic eye movements) to provide an online behavioural measure of performance. Although experiments using static paradigms show saccadic impairment in PD, few studies have quantified visual sampling during dynamic motor tasks such as gait. This article describes a protocol developed for testing visuo-cognition during gait in order to examine the: 1) independent roles of cognition and vision in gait in PD, 2) interaction between both functions, and 3) role of visuo-cognition in gait in PD. Methods Two groups of older adults (≥50 years old) were recruited; non-demented people with PD (n=60) and age-matched controls (n=40). Participants attended one session and a sub-group (n=25) attended two further sessions in order to establish mobile eye-tracker reliability. Participants walked in a gait laboratory under different attentional (single and dual task), environmental (walk straight, through a door and turning), and cueing (no visual cues and visual cues) conditions. Visual sampling was recorded using synchronised mobile eye-tracker and electrooculography systems, and gait was measured using 3D motion analysis. Discussion This exploratory study examined visuo-cognitive processes and their impact on gait in PD. Improved understanding of the influence of cognitive and visual functions on visual sampling during gait and gait in PD will assist in development of interventions to improve gait and reduce falls risk. This study will also help establish robust mobile eye-tracking methods in older adults and people with PD.http://f1000research.com/articles/4-1379/v2Cognitive Neurology & DementiaMotor SystemsMovement DisordersNeurobiology of Disease & Regeneration |
| spellingShingle | Samuel Stuart Brook Galna Sue Lord Lynn Rochester A protocol to examine vision and gait in Parkinson’s disease: impact of cognition and response to visual cues [version 2; referees: 2 approved] F1000Research Cognitive Neurology & Dementia Motor Systems Movement Disorders Neurobiology of Disease & Regeneration |
| title | A protocol to examine vision and gait in Parkinson’s disease: impact of cognition and response to visual cues [version 2; referees: 2 approved] |
| title_full | A protocol to examine vision and gait in Parkinson’s disease: impact of cognition and response to visual cues [version 2; referees: 2 approved] |
| title_fullStr | A protocol to examine vision and gait in Parkinson’s disease: impact of cognition and response to visual cues [version 2; referees: 2 approved] |
| title_full_unstemmed | A protocol to examine vision and gait in Parkinson’s disease: impact of cognition and response to visual cues [version 2; referees: 2 approved] |
| title_short | A protocol to examine vision and gait in Parkinson’s disease: impact of cognition and response to visual cues [version 2; referees: 2 approved] |
| title_sort | protocol to examine vision and gait in parkinson s disease impact of cognition and response to visual cues version 2 referees 2 approved |
| topic | Cognitive Neurology & Dementia Motor Systems Movement Disorders Neurobiology of Disease & Regeneration |
| url | http://f1000research.com/articles/4-1379/v2 |
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