New insights into the regulation of cholesterol efflux from the sperm membrane
Cholesterol is an essential component of the mammalian plasma membrane because it promotes membrane stability without comprising membrane fluidity. Given this important cellular role, cholesterol levels are tightly controlled at multiple levels. It has been clearly shown that cholesterol redistribut...
| Main Authors: | , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications
2015-01-01
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| Series: | Asian Journal of Andrology |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.ajandrology.com/article.asp?issn=1008-682X;year=2015;volume=17;issue=4;spage=561;epage=567;aulast=Leahy |
| _version_ | 1818035843506372608 |
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| author | Tamara Leahy Bart M Gadella |
| author_facet | Tamara Leahy Bart M Gadella |
| author_sort | Tamara Leahy |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Cholesterol is an essential component of the mammalian plasma membrane because it promotes membrane stability without comprising membrane fluidity. Given this important cellular role, cholesterol levels are tightly controlled at multiple levels. It has been clearly shown that cholesterol redistribution and depletion from the sperm membrane is a key part of the spermatozoon′s preparation for fertilization. Some factors that regulate these events are described (e.g., bicarbonate, calcium) but the mechanisms underlying cholesterol export are poorly understood. How does a hydrophobic cholesterol molecule inserted in the sperm plasma membrane enter the energetically unfavorable aqueous surroundings? This review will provide an overview of knowledge in this area and highlight our gaps in understanding. The overall aim is to better understand cholesterol redistribution in the sperm plasma membrane, its relation to the possible activation of a cholesterol transporter and the role of cholesterol acceptors. Armed with such knowledge, sperm handling techniques can be adapted to better prepare spermatozoa for in vitro and in vivo fertilization. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-10T07:01:30Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-91d4d08bfd5b45d8af8f0e9314f9b52a |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1008-682X 1745-7262 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-10T07:01:30Z |
| publishDate | 2015-01-01 |
| publisher | Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Asian Journal of Andrology |
| spelling | doaj.art-91d4d08bfd5b45d8af8f0e9314f9b52a2022-12-22T01:58:19ZengWolters Kluwer Medknow PublicationsAsian Journal of Andrology1008-682X1745-72622015-01-0117456156710.4103/1008-682X.153309New insights into the regulation of cholesterol efflux from the sperm membraneTamara LeahyBart M GadellaCholesterol is an essential component of the mammalian plasma membrane because it promotes membrane stability without comprising membrane fluidity. Given this important cellular role, cholesterol levels are tightly controlled at multiple levels. It has been clearly shown that cholesterol redistribution and depletion from the sperm membrane is a key part of the spermatozoon′s preparation for fertilization. Some factors that regulate these events are described (e.g., bicarbonate, calcium) but the mechanisms underlying cholesterol export are poorly understood. How does a hydrophobic cholesterol molecule inserted in the sperm plasma membrane enter the energetically unfavorable aqueous surroundings? This review will provide an overview of knowledge in this area and highlight our gaps in understanding. The overall aim is to better understand cholesterol redistribution in the sperm plasma membrane, its relation to the possible activation of a cholesterol transporter and the role of cholesterol acceptors. Armed with such knowledge, sperm handling techniques can be adapted to better prepare spermatozoa for in vitro and in vivo fertilization.http://www.ajandrology.com/article.asp?issn=1008-682X;year=2015;volume=17;issue=4;spage=561;epage=567;aulast=Leahygene regulationMusashiMusashi-1Musashi-2posttranscriptional controlRNA binding proteinsspermatogenesissplicingtestistranslationcell fatecell stressimportinkaryopherinnucleocytoplasmic transportspermatidspermatocytespermatogenesisartificial inseminationbiomarkerfertilityfertilizationflow cytometryinfertilitynanotechnologyoocyte activationPostacrosomal Sheath WWI Domain Binding ProteinspermSPTRX3thioredoxinubiquitinATP binding cassette transportersalbuminhigh-density lipoproteinlipid raftsmembrane fluiditymembrane microdomainsmembrane packingoxysterolsreverse cholesterol transportsterol transporters |
| spellingShingle | Tamara Leahy Bart M Gadella New insights into the regulation of cholesterol efflux from the sperm membrane Asian Journal of Andrology gene regulation Musashi Musashi-1 Musashi-2 posttranscriptional control RNA binding proteins spermatogenesis splicing testis translation cell fate cell stress importin karyopherin nucleocytoplasmic transport spermatid spermatocyte spermatogenesis artificial insemination biomarker fertility fertilization flow cytometry infertility nanotechnology oocyte activation Postacrosomal Sheath WWI Domain Binding Protein sperm SPTRX3 thioredoxin ubiquitin ATP binding cassette transporters albumin high-density lipoprotein lipid rafts membrane fluidity membrane microdomains membrane packing oxysterols reverse cholesterol transport sterol transporters |
| title | New insights into the regulation of cholesterol efflux from the sperm membrane |
| title_full | New insights into the regulation of cholesterol efflux from the sperm membrane |
| title_fullStr | New insights into the regulation of cholesterol efflux from the sperm membrane |
| title_full_unstemmed | New insights into the regulation of cholesterol efflux from the sperm membrane |
| title_short | New insights into the regulation of cholesterol efflux from the sperm membrane |
| title_sort | new insights into the regulation of cholesterol efflux from the sperm membrane |
| topic | gene regulation Musashi Musashi-1 Musashi-2 posttranscriptional control RNA binding proteins spermatogenesis splicing testis translation cell fate cell stress importin karyopherin nucleocytoplasmic transport spermatid spermatocyte spermatogenesis artificial insemination biomarker fertility fertilization flow cytometry infertility nanotechnology oocyte activation Postacrosomal Sheath WWI Domain Binding Protein sperm SPTRX3 thioredoxin ubiquitin ATP binding cassette transporters albumin high-density lipoprotein lipid rafts membrane fluidity membrane microdomains membrane packing oxysterols reverse cholesterol transport sterol transporters |
| url | http://www.ajandrology.com/article.asp?issn=1008-682X;year=2015;volume=17;issue=4;spage=561;epage=567;aulast=Leahy |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT tamaraleahy newinsightsintotheregulationofcholesteroleffluxfromthespermmembrane AT bartmgadella newinsightsintotheregulationofcholesteroleffluxfromthespermmembrane |