Sparse Evidence for <i>Giardia intestinalis</i>, <i>Cryptosporidium</i> spp. and Microsporidia Infections in Humans, Domesticated Animals and Wild Nonhuman Primates Sharing a Farm–Forest Mosaic Landscape in Western Uganda
Zoonotic pathogen transmission is considered a leading threat to the survival of non-human primates and public health in shared landscapes. <i>Giardia</i> spp., <i>Cryptosporidium</i> spp. and Microsporidia are unicellular parasites spread by the fecal-oral route by environme...
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MDPI AG
2021-07-01
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0817/10/8/933 |
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| author | Marie Cibot Matthew R. McLennan Martin Kváč Bohumil Sak Caroline Asiimwe Klára Petrželková |
| author_facet | Marie Cibot Matthew R. McLennan Martin Kváč Bohumil Sak Caroline Asiimwe Klára Petrželková |
| author_sort | Marie Cibot |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Zoonotic pathogen transmission is considered a leading threat to the survival of non-human primates and public health in shared landscapes. <i>Giardia</i> spp., <i>Cryptosporidium</i> spp. and Microsporidia are unicellular parasites spread by the fecal-oral route by environmentally resistant stages and can infect humans, livestock, and wildlife including non-human primates. Using immunoassay diagnostic kits and amplification/sequencing of the region of the triosephosphate isomerase, small ribosomal subunit rRNA and the internal transcribed spacer genes, we investigated <i>Giardia</i>, <i>Cryptosporidium</i>, and microsporidia infections, respectively, among humans, domesticated animals (livestock, poultry, and dogs), and wild nonhuman primates (eastern chimpanzees and black and white colobus monkeys) in Bulindi, Uganda, an area of remarkably high human–animal contact and spatial overlap. We analyzed 137 fecal samples and revealed the presence of <i>G. intestinalis</i> assemblage B in two human isolates, <i>G. intestinalis</i> assemblage E in one cow isolate, and <i>Encephalitozoon cuniculi</i> genotype II in two humans and one goat isolate. None of the chimpanzee and colobus monkey samples were positive for any of the screened parasites. Regular distribution of antiparasitic treatment in both humans and domestic animals in Bulindi could have reduced the occurrence of the screened parasites and decreased potential circulation of these pathogens among host species. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T08:30:22Z |
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| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-0817 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T08:30:22Z |
| publishDate | 2021-07-01 |
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| series | Pathogens |
| spelling | doaj.art-91deca597eee40a58eace67e8fba40f62023-11-22T09:08:12ZengMDPI AGPathogens2076-08172021-07-0110893310.3390/pathogens10080933Sparse Evidence for <i>Giardia intestinalis</i>, <i>Cryptosporidium</i> spp. and Microsporidia Infections in Humans, Domesticated Animals and Wild Nonhuman Primates Sharing a Farm–Forest Mosaic Landscape in Western UgandaMarie Cibot0Matthew R. McLennan1Martin Kváč2Bohumil Sak3Caroline Asiimwe4Klára Petrželková5Department of Social Sciences, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, Oxford Brookes University, Oxford OX3 0BP, UKDepartment of Social Sciences, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, Oxford Brookes University, Oxford OX3 0BP, UKBiology Centre, Institute of Parasitology, Czech Academy of Sciences, 370 05 České Budějovice, Czech RepublicBiology Centre, Institute of Parasitology, Czech Academy of Sciences, 370 05 České Budějovice, Czech RepublicBudongo Conservation Field Station, Masindi P.O. Box 362, UgandaBiology Centre, Institute of Parasitology, Czech Academy of Sciences, 370 05 České Budějovice, Czech RepublicZoonotic pathogen transmission is considered a leading threat to the survival of non-human primates and public health in shared landscapes. <i>Giardia</i> spp., <i>Cryptosporidium</i> spp. and Microsporidia are unicellular parasites spread by the fecal-oral route by environmentally resistant stages and can infect humans, livestock, and wildlife including non-human primates. Using immunoassay diagnostic kits and amplification/sequencing of the region of the triosephosphate isomerase, small ribosomal subunit rRNA and the internal transcribed spacer genes, we investigated <i>Giardia</i>, <i>Cryptosporidium</i>, and microsporidia infections, respectively, among humans, domesticated animals (livestock, poultry, and dogs), and wild nonhuman primates (eastern chimpanzees and black and white colobus monkeys) in Bulindi, Uganda, an area of remarkably high human–animal contact and spatial overlap. We analyzed 137 fecal samples and revealed the presence of <i>G. intestinalis</i> assemblage B in two human isolates, <i>G. intestinalis</i> assemblage E in one cow isolate, and <i>Encephalitozoon cuniculi</i> genotype II in two humans and one goat isolate. None of the chimpanzee and colobus monkey samples were positive for any of the screened parasites. Regular distribution of antiparasitic treatment in both humans and domestic animals in Bulindi could have reduced the occurrence of the screened parasites and decreased potential circulation of these pathogens among host species.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0817/10/8/933<i>Giardia</i><i>Cryptosporidium</i>microsporidianon-human primateshumansdomestic animals |
| spellingShingle | Marie Cibot Matthew R. McLennan Martin Kváč Bohumil Sak Caroline Asiimwe Klára Petrželková Sparse Evidence for <i>Giardia intestinalis</i>, <i>Cryptosporidium</i> spp. and Microsporidia Infections in Humans, Domesticated Animals and Wild Nonhuman Primates Sharing a Farm–Forest Mosaic Landscape in Western Uganda Pathogens <i>Giardia</i> <i>Cryptosporidium</i> microsporidia non-human primates humans domestic animals |
| title | Sparse Evidence for <i>Giardia intestinalis</i>, <i>Cryptosporidium</i> spp. and Microsporidia Infections in Humans, Domesticated Animals and Wild Nonhuman Primates Sharing a Farm–Forest Mosaic Landscape in Western Uganda |
| title_full | Sparse Evidence for <i>Giardia intestinalis</i>, <i>Cryptosporidium</i> spp. and Microsporidia Infections in Humans, Domesticated Animals and Wild Nonhuman Primates Sharing a Farm–Forest Mosaic Landscape in Western Uganda |
| title_fullStr | Sparse Evidence for <i>Giardia intestinalis</i>, <i>Cryptosporidium</i> spp. and Microsporidia Infections in Humans, Domesticated Animals and Wild Nonhuman Primates Sharing a Farm–Forest Mosaic Landscape in Western Uganda |
| title_full_unstemmed | Sparse Evidence for <i>Giardia intestinalis</i>, <i>Cryptosporidium</i> spp. and Microsporidia Infections in Humans, Domesticated Animals and Wild Nonhuman Primates Sharing a Farm–Forest Mosaic Landscape in Western Uganda |
| title_short | Sparse Evidence for <i>Giardia intestinalis</i>, <i>Cryptosporidium</i> spp. and Microsporidia Infections in Humans, Domesticated Animals and Wild Nonhuman Primates Sharing a Farm–Forest Mosaic Landscape in Western Uganda |
| title_sort | sparse evidence for i giardia intestinalis i i cryptosporidium i spp and microsporidia infections in humans domesticated animals and wild nonhuman primates sharing a farm forest mosaic landscape in western uganda |
| topic | <i>Giardia</i> <i>Cryptosporidium</i> microsporidia non-human primates humans domestic animals |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0817/10/8/933 |
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