Tannins from cashew tree (Anacardium occidentale) bark as a flocculant for water clarification
Concern about the overexploitation of natural resources has increased in recent decades, especially involving water and its treatment. Paradoxically, one of the sources of water pollution is the treatment itself, due to the use of chemical flocculants, which end up generating sludge that may be high...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Instituto de Pesquisas Ambientais em Bacias Hidrográficas (IPABHi)
2022-04-01
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| Series: | Revista Ambiente & Água |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.scielo.br/j/ambiagua/a/pwhWFq696zp8tCLDXwKc33x/?lang=en |
| _version_ | 1828085034825809920 |
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| author | Bruna Ferreira dos Anjos Tatiane Kelly Barbosa de Azevêdo Bruna Rafaella Ferreira da Silva Renata Martins Braga Alexandre Santos Pimenta Francisca Adriana Ferreira De Andrade |
| author_facet | Bruna Ferreira dos Anjos Tatiane Kelly Barbosa de Azevêdo Bruna Rafaella Ferreira da Silva Renata Martins Braga Alexandre Santos Pimenta Francisca Adriana Ferreira De Andrade |
| author_sort | Bruna Ferreira dos Anjos |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Concern about the overexploitation of natural resources has increased in recent decades, especially involving water and its treatment. Paradoxically, one of the sources of water pollution is the treatment itself, due to the use of chemical flocculants, which end up generating sludge that may be highly aggressive to the environment. One of the ways to solve this problem is to use natural flocculants for this purpose, since they are biodegradable and do not harm nature. This study evaluated the efficiency of a natural flocculant produced from tannins extracted from the bark of the cashew tree (Anacardium occidentale) and compared it with two commercial coagulants, Tanfloc® and iron chloride. The water for treatment was collected from a weir. The cashew trees’ bark was collected, ground, and submitted to hot-water extraction to yield the tannins, and the extraction product was cationized. The flocculation tests were carried out using the jar test with solutions having concentrations of 33.3, 66.7, and 100 mg L-1. Turbidity and pH were analyzed before and after flocculation. Among the assessed flocculants, the cationized tannins produced the best responses both for removal of turbidity and final pH of the treated water. Tanfloc® also produced satisfactory results regarding turbidity removal. The iron chloride, besides not properly clarifying the water, left it very acidic. Since the cationized tannins practically did not change the pH and were effective in the removal of turbidity, they represent an interesting, sustainable alternative product to treat the water.
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| first_indexed | 2024-04-11T04:33:46Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-91e971ee47244ca0b38b2c3ffcb408ba |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1980-993X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-11T04:33:46Z |
| publishDate | 2022-04-01 |
| publisher | Instituto de Pesquisas Ambientais em Bacias Hidrográficas (IPABHi) |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Revista Ambiente & Água |
| spelling | doaj.art-91e971ee47244ca0b38b2c3ffcb408ba2022-12-29T00:46:48ZengInstituto de Pesquisas Ambientais em Bacias Hidrográficas (IPABHi)Revista Ambiente & Água1980-993X2022-04-0117311210.4136/ambi-agua.2815Tannins from cashew tree (Anacardium occidentale) bark as a flocculant for water clarificationBruna Ferreira dos Anjos0https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6905-1656Tatiane Kelly Barbosa de Azevêdo1https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6392-3548Bruna Rafaella Ferreira da Silva2https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7251-5092Renata Martins Braga3https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6232-0945Alexandre Santos Pimenta4https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2134-2080Francisca Adriana Ferreira De Andrade5https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3314-699XPrograma de Pós Graduação em Agronomia. Departamento de Proteção Vegetal. Universidade Estadual Paulista “Júlio de Mesquita Filho” (UNESP), Avenida Universitária, n° 3780, CEP: 18610-034, Botucatu, SP, Brazil. Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Florestais. Escola Agrícola de Jundiaí. Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), RN 160, Km 03, s/n, CEP: 59280-000, Macaíba, RN, Brazil. Departamento de Ciências Florestais. Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco (UFRPE), Rua Dom Manuel de Medeiros, s/n, CEP: 52171-900, Recife, PE, Brazil.Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Florestais. Escola Agrícola de Jundiaí. Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), RN 160, Km 03, s/n, CEP: 59280-000, Macaíba, RN, Brazil. Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Florestais. Escola Agrícola de Jundiaí. Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), RN 160, Km 03, s/n, CEP: 59280-000, Macaíba, RN, Brazil. Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Florestais. Escola Agrícola de Jundiaí. Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), RN 160, Km 03, s/n, CEP: 59280-000, Macaíba, RN, Brazil.Concern about the overexploitation of natural resources has increased in recent decades, especially involving water and its treatment. Paradoxically, one of the sources of water pollution is the treatment itself, due to the use of chemical flocculants, which end up generating sludge that may be highly aggressive to the environment. One of the ways to solve this problem is to use natural flocculants for this purpose, since they are biodegradable and do not harm nature. This study evaluated the efficiency of a natural flocculant produced from tannins extracted from the bark of the cashew tree (Anacardium occidentale) and compared it with two commercial coagulants, Tanfloc® and iron chloride. The water for treatment was collected from a weir. The cashew trees’ bark was collected, ground, and submitted to hot-water extraction to yield the tannins, and the extraction product was cationized. The flocculation tests were carried out using the jar test with solutions having concentrations of 33.3, 66.7, and 100 mg L-1. Turbidity and pH were analyzed before and after flocculation. Among the assessed flocculants, the cationized tannins produced the best responses both for removal of turbidity and final pH of the treated water. Tanfloc® also produced satisfactory results regarding turbidity removal. The iron chloride, besides not properly clarifying the water, left it very acidic. Since the cationized tannins practically did not change the pH and were effective in the removal of turbidity, they represent an interesting, sustainable alternative product to treat the water. https://www.scielo.br/j/ambiagua/a/pwhWFq696zp8tCLDXwKc33x/?lang=encationized tanninsnatural flocculating agenteremoval of turbiditywater treatment |
| spellingShingle | Bruna Ferreira dos Anjos Tatiane Kelly Barbosa de Azevêdo Bruna Rafaella Ferreira da Silva Renata Martins Braga Alexandre Santos Pimenta Francisca Adriana Ferreira De Andrade Tannins from cashew tree (Anacardium occidentale) bark as a flocculant for water clarification Revista Ambiente & Água cationized tannins natural flocculating agente removal of turbidity water treatment |
| title | Tannins from cashew tree (Anacardium occidentale) bark as a flocculant for water clarification |
| title_full | Tannins from cashew tree (Anacardium occidentale) bark as a flocculant for water clarification |
| title_fullStr | Tannins from cashew tree (Anacardium occidentale) bark as a flocculant for water clarification |
| title_full_unstemmed | Tannins from cashew tree (Anacardium occidentale) bark as a flocculant for water clarification |
| title_short | Tannins from cashew tree (Anacardium occidentale) bark as a flocculant for water clarification |
| title_sort | tannins from cashew tree anacardium occidentale bark as a flocculant for water clarification |
| topic | cationized tannins natural flocculating agente removal of turbidity water treatment |
| url | https://www.scielo.br/j/ambiagua/a/pwhWFq696zp8tCLDXwKc33x/?lang=en |
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