| Summary: | Background. The analysis in terms of historiography makes it clear that there
are a lot of unresolved issues on this issue on the research agenda, both at the regional
and federal levels. The purpose of this work is to thoroughly analyze the structure of citizens
and villagers’ identity in Penza region during the Great Patriotic War. Materials and
methods. This article is based on historical documents from the national archives, but
also includes historical records from the family ones, which were used and exposed scientifically
for the first time. Methodology of this study corresponds to the scientific principles
of objectivity and history and includes detailed examination of historical facts.
Results. The study resulted in detecting and finding different levels of population's identity
in Penza Oblast and their links within the Great Patriotic War, in analysing their aspects
and components, in describing discources of national and local identity. Conclusions.
The key factor of the very improved soviet identity was a centralizing process of
administrative and social institutions during the Great Patriotic War, determined the
strengthening of the community of the Soviet people in the face of a deadly threat. In the
new realities, it is national interests, and not local problems, that have become an value
for the people of Penza. The centralizing process provided soviet economy and political
system with the paramount resources for victory, shaped an idea of national unity.
The interests of the population in Penza region revolved around the national problems
and not around the local ones. On the other hand the Great Patriotic War had a big impact
on local identity, which led to the new ideas, new values, to the process of rethinking
the role of the area in terms of culture and history and to the situation in which the population
in Penza region formed the prerequisites for self-identification within the territorial
framework of the region that restored its independence, in the space of military everyday
life.
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