| Summary: | In the last months of 1944, the new German guided bombs and Japanese kamikaze bombs required to project a new level of surface-to-air defense, and in December the U. S. Navy commissioned the task to Merle Anthony Tuve, a leading scientist of the Applied Physics Laboratory of John Hopkins University, with various government agencies and industry. Codenamed Bumblebee, the program aimed to research and develop guided missile technology and provide a SAM system. The onset of the Cold War remade more pressing the need to defend the fleet from the Soviet threat and, as a consequence, the program underwent an acceleration. This led to the creation of three SAM missiles; The Talos, the Terrier and the Tartar, whose technology had advanced so much that it paved the way for the subsequent evolution of missiles.
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