Electronic and electrochemical doping of graphene by surface adsorbates
Many potential applications of graphene require its precise and controllable doping with charge carriers. Being a two-dimensional material graphene is extremely sensitive to surface adsorbates, so its electronic properties can be effectively modified by deposition of different atoms and molecules. I...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Beilstein-Institut
2014-10-01
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| Series: | Beilstein Journal of Nanotechnology |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.3762/bjnano.5.195 |
| _version_ | 1830140108352782336 |
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| author | Hugo Pinto Alexander Markevich |
| author_facet | Hugo Pinto Alexander Markevich |
| author_sort | Hugo Pinto |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Many potential applications of graphene require its precise and controllable doping with charge carriers. Being a two-dimensional material graphene is extremely sensitive to surface adsorbates, so its electronic properties can be effectively modified by deposition of different atoms and molecules. In this paper, we review two mechanisms of graphene doping by surface adsorbates, namely electronic and electrochemical doping. Although, electronic doping has been extensively studied and discussed in the literature, much less attention has been paid to electrochemical doping. This mechanism can, however, explain the doping of graphene by adsorbates for which no charge transfer is expected within the electronic doping model. In addition, electrochemical doping is in the origin of the hysteresis effects often observed in graphene-based field effect transistors when operating in the atmospheric environment. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-17T08:56:52Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-92139dd096aa4064bdbf324ddbdcfd08 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2190-4286 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-17T08:56:52Z |
| publishDate | 2014-10-01 |
| publisher | Beilstein-Institut |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Beilstein Journal of Nanotechnology |
| spelling | doaj.art-92139dd096aa4064bdbf324ddbdcfd082022-12-21T21:55:56ZengBeilstein-InstitutBeilstein Journal of Nanotechnology2190-42862014-10-01511842184810.3762/bjnano.5.1952190-4286-5-195Electronic and electrochemical doping of graphene by surface adsorbatesHugo Pinto0Alexander Markevich1COMP/Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University School of Sciences, FI-00076 Aalto, FinlandSchool of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, NG7 2RD Nottingham, UKMany potential applications of graphene require its precise and controllable doping with charge carriers. Being a two-dimensional material graphene is extremely sensitive to surface adsorbates, so its electronic properties can be effectively modified by deposition of different atoms and molecules. In this paper, we review two mechanisms of graphene doping by surface adsorbates, namely electronic and electrochemical doping. Although, electronic doping has been extensively studied and discussed in the literature, much less attention has been paid to electrochemical doping. This mechanism can, however, explain the doping of graphene by adsorbates for which no charge transfer is expected within the electronic doping model. In addition, electrochemical doping is in the origin of the hysteresis effects often observed in graphene-based field effect transistors when operating in the atmospheric environment.https://doi.org/10.3762/bjnano.5.195adsorbatesdopingelectrochemicalelectronicgraphene |
| spellingShingle | Hugo Pinto Alexander Markevich Electronic and electrochemical doping of graphene by surface adsorbates Beilstein Journal of Nanotechnology adsorbates doping electrochemical electronic graphene |
| title | Electronic and electrochemical doping of graphene by surface adsorbates |
| title_full | Electronic and electrochemical doping of graphene by surface adsorbates |
| title_fullStr | Electronic and electrochemical doping of graphene by surface adsorbates |
| title_full_unstemmed | Electronic and electrochemical doping of graphene by surface adsorbates |
| title_short | Electronic and electrochemical doping of graphene by surface adsorbates |
| title_sort | electronic and electrochemical doping of graphene by surface adsorbates |
| topic | adsorbates doping electrochemical electronic graphene |
| url | https://doi.org/10.3762/bjnano.5.195 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT hugopinto electronicandelectrochemicaldopingofgraphenebysurfaceadsorbates AT alexandermarkevich electronicandelectrochemicaldopingofgraphenebysurfaceadsorbates |