Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG)-Vaccine Is it giving a protection against SARS-CoV-2?
Background: COVID-19 threatens the healthcare needs of many countries as the number of infections and mortalities continues to increase. This further becomes an urgent need for the development of effective therapy against COVID-19. In context with the ability of the BCG vaccine to reduce the incide...
| Main Authors: | , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Advance Educational Institute & Research Centre
2022-06-01
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| Series: | International Journal of Endorsing Health Science Research |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://aeirc-edu.com/ojs14/index.php/IJEHSR/article/view/849 |
| Summary: | Background: COVID-19 threatens the healthcare needs of many countries as the number of infections and mortalities continues to increase. This further becomes an urgent need for the development of effective therapy against COVID-19. In context with the ability of the BCG vaccine to reduce the incidence of respiratory tract infection in the human population, Moreover, it has been hypothesized that the BCG vaccine induces protection against SARS CoV-2 infection.
Methodology: BCG has been suggested to infer a wide degree of nonspecific protection against several pathogens, mainly by stimulating “trained immunity” in innate immune cells. Secondly, BCG has also been recognized to provide benefits in autoimmune diseases by inducing tolerogenicity. Being an acute inflammatory disease, COVID-19 requires a therapy that induces early priming of antiviral immune responses and regulates aberrant hyperactivity of innate-immune cells. Comparative molecular literature was searched using specific terms BCG. SARS CoV-2 Coronavirus via Google Scholar and PubMed.
Results: As studied, BCG is live attenuated tuberculosis (TB) vaccine-associated with induction of nonspecific cross-protection against unrelated infections. This cross-protection due to the memory-like response of innate immune cells (trained immunity) caused by epigenetic reprogramming by histone modification in regulatory elements of specific genes in monocytes seems to be responsible for protection against SARS CoV-2.
Conclusion: In conclusion, It has been suggested that BCG may induce trained immunity, in turn, infer protection against SARS-CoV-2. This review intends to describe BCG-related cross-protection and its acquisition of trained immunity.
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| ISSN: | 2307-3748 2310-3841 |