Metal Removal Kinetics, Bio-Accumulation and Plant Response to Nutrient Availability in Floating Treatment Wetland for Stormwater Treatment
Floating treatment wetland (FTW) is a recent innovation to remove nutrients from stormwater, but little is known about its effectiveness for metal removal. This study aims to test the hypothesis that the metal removal performance of FTWs will be affected by nutrient (NH<sub>3</sub>-N, NO...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2022-05-01
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| Series: | Water |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4441/14/11/1683 |
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| author | Md Nuruzzaman A. H. M. Faisal Anwar Ranjan Sarukkalige |
| author_facet | Md Nuruzzaman A. H. M. Faisal Anwar Ranjan Sarukkalige |
| author_sort | Md Nuruzzaman |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Floating treatment wetland (FTW) is a recent innovation to remove nutrients from stormwater, but little is known about its effectiveness for metal removal. This study aims to test the hypothesis that the metal removal performance of FTWs will be affected by nutrient (NH<sub>3</sub>-N, NO<sub>3</sub>-N, and PO<sub>4</sub>-P) availability in stormwater. Two experiments were carried out in nutrient-deficient tap water, and two experiments were carried out in nutrient-rich lake water using four native Australian plants, namely <i>Carex fascicularis</i>, <i>Juncus kraussii</i>, <i>Eleocharis acuta,</i> and <i>Baumea preissii</i>. Up to 81% Cu and 44.9% Zn removal were achieved by the plants in 16 days in tap water. A reduction in Cu and Zn removal of 28.4–57.3% and 1.0–19.7%, respectively, was observed in lake water compared with tap water for the same duration. The kinetic analysis also confirmed that plant metal uptake rates slowed down in lake water (0.018–0.088 L/mg/day for Cu and 0.005–0.018 L/mg/day for Zn) compared to tap water (0.586–0.825 L/mg/day for Cu and 0.025–0.052 L/mg/day for Zn). A plant tissue analysis revealed that <i>E. acuta</i> and <i>B. preissii</i> bioaccumulated more than 1000 mg/kg of both metals in their tissue, indicating high metal accumulation capacities. To overcome the slower metal uptake rate problem due to nutrient availability, future studies can investigate multi-species plantations with nutrient stripping plants and metal hyper-accumulator plants. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T00:45:15Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-9226f3c2840649b4828f993ad917d15c |
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| issn | 2073-4441 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T00:45:15Z |
| publishDate | 2022-05-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Water |
| spelling | doaj.art-9226f3c2840649b4828f993ad917d15c2023-11-23T15:01:09ZengMDPI AGWater2073-44412022-05-011411168310.3390/w14111683Metal Removal Kinetics, Bio-Accumulation and Plant Response to Nutrient Availability in Floating Treatment Wetland for Stormwater TreatmentMd Nuruzzaman0A. H. M. Faisal Anwar1Ranjan Sarukkalige2School of Civil and Mechanical Engineering, Curtin University, GPO Box U1987, Perth, WA 6845, AustraliaSchool of Civil and Mechanical Engineering, Curtin University, GPO Box U1987, Perth, WA 6845, AustraliaSchool of Civil and Mechanical Engineering, Curtin University, GPO Box U1987, Perth, WA 6845, AustraliaFloating treatment wetland (FTW) is a recent innovation to remove nutrients from stormwater, but little is known about its effectiveness for metal removal. This study aims to test the hypothesis that the metal removal performance of FTWs will be affected by nutrient (NH<sub>3</sub>-N, NO<sub>3</sub>-N, and PO<sub>4</sub>-P) availability in stormwater. Two experiments were carried out in nutrient-deficient tap water, and two experiments were carried out in nutrient-rich lake water using four native Australian plants, namely <i>Carex fascicularis</i>, <i>Juncus kraussii</i>, <i>Eleocharis acuta,</i> and <i>Baumea preissii</i>. Up to 81% Cu and 44.9% Zn removal were achieved by the plants in 16 days in tap water. A reduction in Cu and Zn removal of 28.4–57.3% and 1.0–19.7%, respectively, was observed in lake water compared with tap water for the same duration. The kinetic analysis also confirmed that plant metal uptake rates slowed down in lake water (0.018–0.088 L/mg/day for Cu and 0.005–0.018 L/mg/day for Zn) compared to tap water (0.586–0.825 L/mg/day for Cu and 0.025–0.052 L/mg/day for Zn). A plant tissue analysis revealed that <i>E. acuta</i> and <i>B. preissii</i> bioaccumulated more than 1000 mg/kg of both metals in their tissue, indicating high metal accumulation capacities. To overcome the slower metal uptake rate problem due to nutrient availability, future studies can investigate multi-species plantations with nutrient stripping plants and metal hyper-accumulator plants.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4441/14/11/1683bioremediationconstructed floating wetlandnutrientphytoremediationplant metal uptakestormwater pollution |
| spellingShingle | Md Nuruzzaman A. H. M. Faisal Anwar Ranjan Sarukkalige Metal Removal Kinetics, Bio-Accumulation and Plant Response to Nutrient Availability in Floating Treatment Wetland for Stormwater Treatment Water bioremediation constructed floating wetland nutrient phytoremediation plant metal uptake stormwater pollution |
| title | Metal Removal Kinetics, Bio-Accumulation and Plant Response to Nutrient Availability in Floating Treatment Wetland for Stormwater Treatment |
| title_full | Metal Removal Kinetics, Bio-Accumulation and Plant Response to Nutrient Availability in Floating Treatment Wetland for Stormwater Treatment |
| title_fullStr | Metal Removal Kinetics, Bio-Accumulation and Plant Response to Nutrient Availability in Floating Treatment Wetland for Stormwater Treatment |
| title_full_unstemmed | Metal Removal Kinetics, Bio-Accumulation and Plant Response to Nutrient Availability in Floating Treatment Wetland for Stormwater Treatment |
| title_short | Metal Removal Kinetics, Bio-Accumulation and Plant Response to Nutrient Availability in Floating Treatment Wetland for Stormwater Treatment |
| title_sort | metal removal kinetics bio accumulation and plant response to nutrient availability in floating treatment wetland for stormwater treatment |
| topic | bioremediation constructed floating wetland nutrient phytoremediation plant metal uptake stormwater pollution |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4441/14/11/1683 |
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