Chromosome and Molecular Analyses Reveal Significant Karyotype Diversity and Provide New Evidence on the Origin of <i>Aegilops columnaris</i>
<i>Aegilops columnaris</i> Zhuk. is tetraploid grass species (2n = 4x = 28, U<sup>c</sup>U<sup>c</sup>X<sup>c</sup>X<sup>c</sup>) closely related to <i>Ae. neglecta</i> and growing in Western Asia and a western part of the Ferti...
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MDPI AG
2021-05-01
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| Series: | Plants |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/10/5/956 |
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| author | Ekaterina D. Badaeva Nadezhda N. Chikida Andrey N. Fisenko Sergei A. Surzhikov Maria K. Belousova Hakan Özkan Alexandra Y. Dragovich Elena Z. Kochieva |
| author_facet | Ekaterina D. Badaeva Nadezhda N. Chikida Andrey N. Fisenko Sergei A. Surzhikov Maria K. Belousova Hakan Özkan Alexandra Y. Dragovich Elena Z. Kochieva |
| author_sort | Ekaterina D. Badaeva |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <i>Aegilops columnaris</i> Zhuk. is tetraploid grass species (2n = 4x = 28, U<sup>c</sup>U<sup>c</sup>X<sup>c</sup>X<sup>c</sup>) closely related to <i>Ae. neglecta</i> and growing in Western Asia and a western part of the Fertile Crescent. Genetic diversity of <i>Ae. columnaris</i> was assessed using C-banding, FISH, nuclear and chloroplast (cp) DNA analyses, and gliadin electrophoresis. Cytogenetically <i>Ae. columnaris</i> was subdivided into two groups, C-I and C-II, showing different karyotype structure, C-banding, and FISH patterns. C-I group was more similar to <i>Ae. neglecta</i>. All types of markers revealed significant heterogeneity in C-II group, although group C-I was also polymorphic. Two chromosomal groups were consistent with plastogroups identified in a current study based on sequencing of three chloroplast intergenic spacer regions. The similarity of group C-I of <i>Ae. columnaris</i> with <i>Ae. neglecta</i> and their distinctness from C-II indicate that divergence of the C-I group was associated with minor genome modifications. Group C-II could emerge from C-I relatively recently, probably due to introgression from another <i>Aegilops</i> species followed by a reorganization of the parental genomes. Most C-II accessions were collected from a very narrow geographic region, and they might originate from a common ancestor. We suggest that the C-II group is at the initial stage of species divergence and undergoing an extensive speciation process. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T11:31:51Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-922e53726e7d4249a009f8a9b103db3a |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2223-7747 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T11:31:51Z |
| publishDate | 2021-05-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Plants |
| spelling | doaj.art-922e53726e7d4249a009f8a9b103db3a2023-11-21T19:12:33ZengMDPI AGPlants2223-77472021-05-0110595610.3390/plants10050956Chromosome and Molecular Analyses Reveal Significant Karyotype Diversity and Provide New Evidence on the Origin of <i>Aegilops columnaris</i>Ekaterina D. Badaeva0Nadezhda N. Chikida1Andrey N. Fisenko2Sergei A. Surzhikov3Maria K. Belousova4Hakan Özkan5Alexandra Y. Dragovich6Elena Z. Kochieva7N. I. Vavilov Institute of General Genetics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Gubkina Street 3, GSP–1, 119991 Moscow, RussiaFederal Research Center, N. I. Vavilov All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic Resources, Bolshaya Morskaya Street 44, 190121 St. Petersburg, RussiaN. I. Vavilov Institute of General Genetics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Gubkina Street 3, GSP–1, 119991 Moscow, RussiaEngelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilova Street 34, GSP–1, 119991 Moscow, RussiaFederal Research Center, N. I. Vavilov All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic Resources, Bolshaya Morskaya Street 44, 190121 St. Petersburg, RussiaDepartment of Field Crops, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Çukurova, 01330 Adana, TurkeyN. I. Vavilov Institute of General Genetics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Gubkina Street 3, GSP–1, 119991 Moscow, RussiaFederal Research Center “Fundamentals of Biotechnology”, Russian Academy of Sciences, 60 let Oktjabrya Prospect 7, Build. 1, 117312 Moscow, Russia<i>Aegilops columnaris</i> Zhuk. is tetraploid grass species (2n = 4x = 28, U<sup>c</sup>U<sup>c</sup>X<sup>c</sup>X<sup>c</sup>) closely related to <i>Ae. neglecta</i> and growing in Western Asia and a western part of the Fertile Crescent. Genetic diversity of <i>Ae. columnaris</i> was assessed using C-banding, FISH, nuclear and chloroplast (cp) DNA analyses, and gliadin electrophoresis. Cytogenetically <i>Ae. columnaris</i> was subdivided into two groups, C-I and C-II, showing different karyotype structure, C-banding, and FISH patterns. C-I group was more similar to <i>Ae. neglecta</i>. All types of markers revealed significant heterogeneity in C-II group, although group C-I was also polymorphic. Two chromosomal groups were consistent with plastogroups identified in a current study based on sequencing of three chloroplast intergenic spacer regions. The similarity of group C-I of <i>Ae. columnaris</i> with <i>Ae. neglecta</i> and their distinctness from C-II indicate that divergence of the C-I group was associated with minor genome modifications. Group C-II could emerge from C-I relatively recently, probably due to introgression from another <i>Aegilops</i> species followed by a reorganization of the parental genomes. Most C-II accessions were collected from a very narrow geographic region, and they might originate from a common ancestor. We suggest that the C-II group is at the initial stage of species divergence and undergoing an extensive speciation process.https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/10/5/956<i>Aegilops columnaris</i><i>Ae. neglecta</i>C-bandingFISHgliadin electrophoresissequencing |
| spellingShingle | Ekaterina D. Badaeva Nadezhda N. Chikida Andrey N. Fisenko Sergei A. Surzhikov Maria K. Belousova Hakan Özkan Alexandra Y. Dragovich Elena Z. Kochieva Chromosome and Molecular Analyses Reveal Significant Karyotype Diversity and Provide New Evidence on the Origin of <i>Aegilops columnaris</i> Plants <i>Aegilops columnaris</i> <i>Ae. neglecta</i> C-banding FISH gliadin electrophoresis sequencing |
| title | Chromosome and Molecular Analyses Reveal Significant Karyotype Diversity and Provide New Evidence on the Origin of <i>Aegilops columnaris</i> |
| title_full | Chromosome and Molecular Analyses Reveal Significant Karyotype Diversity and Provide New Evidence on the Origin of <i>Aegilops columnaris</i> |
| title_fullStr | Chromosome and Molecular Analyses Reveal Significant Karyotype Diversity and Provide New Evidence on the Origin of <i>Aegilops columnaris</i> |
| title_full_unstemmed | Chromosome and Molecular Analyses Reveal Significant Karyotype Diversity and Provide New Evidence on the Origin of <i>Aegilops columnaris</i> |
| title_short | Chromosome and Molecular Analyses Reveal Significant Karyotype Diversity and Provide New Evidence on the Origin of <i>Aegilops columnaris</i> |
| title_sort | chromosome and molecular analyses reveal significant karyotype diversity and provide new evidence on the origin of i aegilops columnaris i |
| topic | <i>Aegilops columnaris</i> <i>Ae. neglecta</i> C-banding FISH gliadin electrophoresis sequencing |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/10/5/956 |
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