Transcriptomic Analysis Reveals Candidate Genes Responsive to <i>Sclerotinia scleroterum</i> and Cloning of the <i>Ss</i>-Inducible Chitinase Genes in <i>Morus laevigata</i>
<i>Sclerotinia sclerotiorum</i> (Ss) is a devastating fungal pathogen that causes Sclerotinia stem rot in rapeseed (<i>Brassica napus</i>), and is also detrimental to mulberry and many other crops. A wild mulberry germplasm, <i>Morus laevigata</i>, showed high res...
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MDPI AG
2020-11-01
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| Series: | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/21/21/8358 |
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| author | Huanhuan Jiang Xiaoyun Jin Xiaofeng Shi Yufei Xue Jiayi Jiang Chenglong Yuan Youjie Du Xiaodan Liu Ruifang Xie Xuemei Liu Lejing Li Lijuan Wei Chunxing Zhang Liangjing Tong Yourong Chai |
| author_facet | Huanhuan Jiang Xiaoyun Jin Xiaofeng Shi Yufei Xue Jiayi Jiang Chenglong Yuan Youjie Du Xiaodan Liu Ruifang Xie Xuemei Liu Lejing Li Lijuan Wei Chunxing Zhang Liangjing Tong Yourong Chai |
| author_sort | Huanhuan Jiang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <i>Sclerotinia sclerotiorum</i> (Ss) is a devastating fungal pathogen that causes Sclerotinia stem rot in rapeseed (<i>Brassica napus</i>), and is also detrimental to mulberry and many other crops. A wild mulberry germplasm, <i>Morus laevigata</i>, showed high resistance to <i>Ss</i>, but the molecular basis for the resistance is largely unknown. Here, the transcriptome response characteristics of <i>M. laevigata</i> to <i>Ss</i> infection were revealed by RNA-seq. A total of 833 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were detected after the <i>Ss</i> inoculation in the leaf of <i>M. laevigata</i>. After the GO terms and KEGG pathways enrichment analyses, 42 resistance-related genes were selected as core candidates from the upregulated DEGs. Their expression patterns were detected in the roots, stems, leaves, flowers, and fruits of <i>M. laevigata</i>. Most of them (30/42) were specifically or mainly expressed in flowers, which was consistent with the fact that <i>Ss</i> mainly infects plants through floral organs, and indicated that Ss-resistance genes could be induced by pathogen inoculation on ectopic organs. After the <i>Ss</i> inoculation, these candidate genes were also induced in the two susceptible varieties of mulberry, but the responses of most of them were much slower with lower extents. Based on the expression patterns and functional annotation of the 42 candidate genes, we cloned the full-length gDNA and cDNA sequences of the <i>Ss</i>-inducible chitinase gene set (<i>MlChi</i> family). Phylogenetic tree construction, protein interaction network prediction, and gene expression analysis revealed their special roles in response to <i>Ss</i> infection. In prokaryotic expression, their protein products were all in the form of an inclusion body. Our results will help in the understanding of the molecular basis of <i>Ss</i>-resistance in <i>M. laevigata</i>, and the isolated <i>MlChi</i> genes are candidates for the improvement in plant <i>Ss</i>-resistance via biotechnology. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T15:02:17Z |
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| spelling | doaj.art-9233760d30064255b40bc0f128f1d0c42023-11-20T20:07:21ZengMDPI AGInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences1661-65961422-00672020-11-012121835810.3390/ijms21218358Transcriptomic Analysis Reveals Candidate Genes Responsive to <i>Sclerotinia scleroterum</i> and Cloning of the <i>Ss</i>-Inducible Chitinase Genes in <i>Morus laevigata</i>Huanhuan Jiang0Xiaoyun Jin1Xiaofeng Shi2Yufei Xue3Jiayi Jiang4Chenglong Yuan5Youjie Du6Xiaodan Liu7Ruifang Xie8Xuemei Liu9Lejing Li10Lijuan Wei11Chunxing Zhang12Liangjing Tong13Yourong Chai14College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, ChinaCollege of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, ChinaCollege of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, ChinaCollege of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, ChinaCollege of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, ChinaCollege of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, ChinaCollege of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, ChinaCollege of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, ChinaCollege of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, ChinaCollege of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, ChinaCollege of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, ChinaCollege of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, ChinaCollege of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, ChinaCollege of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, ChinaCollege of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China<i>Sclerotinia sclerotiorum</i> (Ss) is a devastating fungal pathogen that causes Sclerotinia stem rot in rapeseed (<i>Brassica napus</i>), and is also detrimental to mulberry and many other crops. A wild mulberry germplasm, <i>Morus laevigata</i>, showed high resistance to <i>Ss</i>, but the molecular basis for the resistance is largely unknown. Here, the transcriptome response characteristics of <i>M. laevigata</i> to <i>Ss</i> infection were revealed by RNA-seq. A total of 833 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were detected after the <i>Ss</i> inoculation in the leaf of <i>M. laevigata</i>. After the GO terms and KEGG pathways enrichment analyses, 42 resistance-related genes were selected as core candidates from the upregulated DEGs. Their expression patterns were detected in the roots, stems, leaves, flowers, and fruits of <i>M. laevigata</i>. Most of them (30/42) were specifically or mainly expressed in flowers, which was consistent with the fact that <i>Ss</i> mainly infects plants through floral organs, and indicated that Ss-resistance genes could be induced by pathogen inoculation on ectopic organs. After the <i>Ss</i> inoculation, these candidate genes were also induced in the two susceptible varieties of mulberry, but the responses of most of them were much slower with lower extents. Based on the expression patterns and functional annotation of the 42 candidate genes, we cloned the full-length gDNA and cDNA sequences of the <i>Ss</i>-inducible chitinase gene set (<i>MlChi</i> family). Phylogenetic tree construction, protein interaction network prediction, and gene expression analysis revealed their special roles in response to <i>Ss</i> infection. In prokaryotic expression, their protein products were all in the form of an inclusion body. Our results will help in the understanding of the molecular basis of <i>Ss</i>-resistance in <i>M. laevigata</i>, and the isolated <i>MlChi</i> genes are candidates for the improvement in plant <i>Ss</i>-resistance via biotechnology.https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/21/21/8358<i>Sclerotinia sclerotiorum</i>Sclerotinia stem rotmulberry<i>Morus laevigata</i>chitinaseRNA-seq |
| spellingShingle | Huanhuan Jiang Xiaoyun Jin Xiaofeng Shi Yufei Xue Jiayi Jiang Chenglong Yuan Youjie Du Xiaodan Liu Ruifang Xie Xuemei Liu Lejing Li Lijuan Wei Chunxing Zhang Liangjing Tong Yourong Chai Transcriptomic Analysis Reveals Candidate Genes Responsive to <i>Sclerotinia scleroterum</i> and Cloning of the <i>Ss</i>-Inducible Chitinase Genes in <i>Morus laevigata</i> International Journal of Molecular Sciences <i>Sclerotinia sclerotiorum</i> Sclerotinia stem rot mulberry <i>Morus laevigata</i> chitinase RNA-seq |
| title | Transcriptomic Analysis Reveals Candidate Genes Responsive to <i>Sclerotinia scleroterum</i> and Cloning of the <i>Ss</i>-Inducible Chitinase Genes in <i>Morus laevigata</i> |
| title_full | Transcriptomic Analysis Reveals Candidate Genes Responsive to <i>Sclerotinia scleroterum</i> and Cloning of the <i>Ss</i>-Inducible Chitinase Genes in <i>Morus laevigata</i> |
| title_fullStr | Transcriptomic Analysis Reveals Candidate Genes Responsive to <i>Sclerotinia scleroterum</i> and Cloning of the <i>Ss</i>-Inducible Chitinase Genes in <i>Morus laevigata</i> |
| title_full_unstemmed | Transcriptomic Analysis Reveals Candidate Genes Responsive to <i>Sclerotinia scleroterum</i> and Cloning of the <i>Ss</i>-Inducible Chitinase Genes in <i>Morus laevigata</i> |
| title_short | Transcriptomic Analysis Reveals Candidate Genes Responsive to <i>Sclerotinia scleroterum</i> and Cloning of the <i>Ss</i>-Inducible Chitinase Genes in <i>Morus laevigata</i> |
| title_sort | transcriptomic analysis reveals candidate genes responsive to i sclerotinia scleroterum i and cloning of the i ss i inducible chitinase genes in i morus laevigata i |
| topic | <i>Sclerotinia sclerotiorum</i> Sclerotinia stem rot mulberry <i>Morus laevigata</i> chitinase RNA-seq |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/21/21/8358 |
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