Low-Energy Membrane Process for Concentration of Stick Water
This communication describes the application of forward osmosis (FO) to concentrate stick water, a nutrient-rich water byproduct of meat rendering operations. The objectives of the study were to carry out a set of batch FO runs in concentration mode to determine the maximum achievable stick water co...
| Main Authors: | , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2018-05-01
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| Series: | Membranes |
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| Online Access: | http://www.mdpi.com/2077-0375/8/2/25 |
| _version_ | 1797709820137046016 |
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| author | Jinxiang Zhou Scott M. Husson |
| author_facet | Jinxiang Zhou Scott M. Husson |
| author_sort | Jinxiang Zhou |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | This communication describes the application of forward osmosis (FO) to concentrate stick water, a nutrient-rich water byproduct of meat rendering operations. The objectives of the study were to carry out a set of batch FO runs in concentration mode to determine the maximum achievable stick water concentration and to perform a preliminary cost analysis for operating a FO/reverse osmosis membrane separation process for comparison to an evaporative concentration process. The study examined the roles of feed and draw solution stir rates, temperature, feed concentration, and draw solution ionic strength on flux using commercial cellulose triacetate membranes. Results show that FO could concentrate the stick water up to 45 wt %; however, concentrations above about 30 wt % would be difficult to process through conventional membrane configurations. Preliminary operating cost estimations show that the energy cost of the FO process is about 5.3% of the energy costs for a single-effect thermal evaporation process; and, assuming a 2-year membrane lifetime, the total operating cost using FO membranes was estimated to be about 23.1% of the operating cost using such a thermal evaporation process. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-12T06:42:26Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-9247b099d79847cba6c45ccc5b6c38b1 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2077-0375 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-12T06:42:26Z |
| publishDate | 2018-05-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Membranes |
| spelling | doaj.art-9247b099d79847cba6c45ccc5b6c38b12023-09-03T00:54:12ZengMDPI AGMembranes2077-03752018-05-01822510.3390/membranes8020025membranes8020025Low-Energy Membrane Process for Concentration of Stick WaterJinxiang Zhou0Scott M. Husson1Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Clemson University, 127 Earle Hall, Clemson, SC 29634, USADepartment of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Clemson University, 127 Earle Hall, Clemson, SC 29634, USAThis communication describes the application of forward osmosis (FO) to concentrate stick water, a nutrient-rich water byproduct of meat rendering operations. The objectives of the study were to carry out a set of batch FO runs in concentration mode to determine the maximum achievable stick water concentration and to perform a preliminary cost analysis for operating a FO/reverse osmosis membrane separation process for comparison to an evaporative concentration process. The study examined the roles of feed and draw solution stir rates, temperature, feed concentration, and draw solution ionic strength on flux using commercial cellulose triacetate membranes. Results show that FO could concentrate the stick water up to 45 wt %; however, concentrations above about 30 wt % would be difficult to process through conventional membrane configurations. Preliminary operating cost estimations show that the energy cost of the FO process is about 5.3% of the energy costs for a single-effect thermal evaporation process; and, assuming a 2-year membrane lifetime, the total operating cost using FO membranes was estimated to be about 23.1% of the operating cost using such a thermal evaporation process.http://www.mdpi.com/2077-0375/8/2/25dewateringengineered osmosisfoulingrenderingwastewater |
| spellingShingle | Jinxiang Zhou Scott M. Husson Low-Energy Membrane Process for Concentration of Stick Water Membranes dewatering engineered osmosis fouling rendering wastewater |
| title | Low-Energy Membrane Process for Concentration of Stick Water |
| title_full | Low-Energy Membrane Process for Concentration of Stick Water |
| title_fullStr | Low-Energy Membrane Process for Concentration of Stick Water |
| title_full_unstemmed | Low-Energy Membrane Process for Concentration of Stick Water |
| title_short | Low-Energy Membrane Process for Concentration of Stick Water |
| title_sort | low energy membrane process for concentration of stick water |
| topic | dewatering engineered osmosis fouling rendering wastewater |
| url | http://www.mdpi.com/2077-0375/8/2/25 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT jinxiangzhou lowenergymembraneprocessforconcentrationofstickwater AT scottmhusson lowenergymembraneprocessforconcentrationofstickwater |