Herpesvirus Exploitation of Host Immune Inhibitory Pathways
Herpesviruses employ a plethora of mechanisms to circumvent clearance by host immune responses. A key feature of mammalian immune systems is the employment of regulatory pathways that limit immune responsiveness. The primary functions of these mechanisms are to control autoimmunity and limit exubera...
| Main Authors: | , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2012-08-01
|
| Series: | Viruses |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/4/8/1182 |
| _version_ | 1819238852452155392 |
|---|---|
| author | Ian R. Humphreys Maria A. Stacey Gabrielle Stack |
| author_facet | Ian R. Humphreys Maria A. Stacey Gabrielle Stack |
| author_sort | Ian R. Humphreys |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Herpesviruses employ a plethora of mechanisms to circumvent clearance by host immune responses. A key feature of mammalian immune systems is the employment of regulatory pathways that limit immune responsiveness. The primary functions of these mechanisms are to control autoimmunity and limit exuberant responses to harmless antigen in mucosal surfaces. However, such pathways can be exploited by viral pathogens to enable acute infection, persistence and dissemination. Herein, we outline the current understanding of inhibitory pathways in modulating antiviral immunity during herpesvirus infections <em>in vivo</em> and discuss strategies employed by herpesviruses to exploit these pathways to limit host antiviral immunity. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-23T13:42:48Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-9250afc8674c4b3e806d4e393df66a15 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1999-4915 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-23T13:42:48Z |
| publishDate | 2012-08-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Viruses |
| spelling | doaj.art-9250afc8674c4b3e806d4e393df66a152022-12-21T17:44:49ZengMDPI AGViruses1999-49152012-08-01481182120110.3390/v4081182Herpesvirus Exploitation of Host Immune Inhibitory PathwaysIan R. HumphreysMaria A. StaceyGabrielle StackHerpesviruses employ a plethora of mechanisms to circumvent clearance by host immune responses. A key feature of mammalian immune systems is the employment of regulatory pathways that limit immune responsiveness. The primary functions of these mechanisms are to control autoimmunity and limit exuberant responses to harmless antigen in mucosal surfaces. However, such pathways can be exploited by viral pathogens to enable acute infection, persistence and dissemination. Herein, we outline the current understanding of inhibitory pathways in modulating antiviral immunity during herpesvirus infections <em>in vivo</em> and discuss strategies employed by herpesviruses to exploit these pathways to limit host antiviral immunity.http://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/4/8/1182herpesvirusimmune suppressionIL-10CD200PD-1BTLAcytomegalovirus |
| spellingShingle | Ian R. Humphreys Maria A. Stacey Gabrielle Stack Herpesvirus Exploitation of Host Immune Inhibitory Pathways Viruses herpesvirus immune suppression IL-10 CD200 PD-1 BTLA cytomegalovirus |
| title | Herpesvirus Exploitation of Host Immune Inhibitory Pathways |
| title_full | Herpesvirus Exploitation of Host Immune Inhibitory Pathways |
| title_fullStr | Herpesvirus Exploitation of Host Immune Inhibitory Pathways |
| title_full_unstemmed | Herpesvirus Exploitation of Host Immune Inhibitory Pathways |
| title_short | Herpesvirus Exploitation of Host Immune Inhibitory Pathways |
| title_sort | herpesvirus exploitation of host immune inhibitory pathways |
| topic | herpesvirus immune suppression IL-10 CD200 PD-1 BTLA cytomegalovirus |
| url | http://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/4/8/1182 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT ianrhumphreys herpesvirusexploitationofhostimmuneinhibitorypathways AT mariaastacey herpesvirusexploitationofhostimmuneinhibitorypathways AT gabriellestack herpesvirusexploitationofhostimmuneinhibitorypathways |