Effect of Interaction between Chromium(VI) with 17β-Estradiol and Its Metabolites on Breast Cancer Cell Lines MCF-7/WT and MDA-MB-175-VII: Preliminary Study
The number of factors initiating and stimulating the progression of breast cancer are constantly increasing. Estrogens are a risk factor for breast adenocarcinoma, the toxicity of which increases as a result of metabolism and interaction with other factors. Due to the presence of environmental expos...
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MDPI AG
2023-03-01
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/28/6/2752 |
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| author | Ewa Sawicka Julita Kulbacka Małgorzata Drąg-Zalesińska Arkadiusz Woźniak Agnieszka Piwowar |
| author_facet | Ewa Sawicka Julita Kulbacka Małgorzata Drąg-Zalesińska Arkadiusz Woźniak Agnieszka Piwowar |
| author_sort | Ewa Sawicka |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The number of factors initiating and stimulating the progression of breast cancer are constantly increasing. Estrogens are a risk factor for breast adenocarcinoma, the toxicity of which increases as a result of metabolism and interaction with other factors. Due to the presence of environmental exposure to estrogens and metalloestrogens, we investigated how interactions between estrogens and toxic chromium(VI)[Cr(VI)] affect breast cancer lines and investigated whether estrogens play a protective role. The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of 17β-estradiol and its metabolites: 2-methoxyestradiol (2-MeOE2), 4-hydroxyestradiol (4-OHE2), and 16α-hydroxyestrone (16α-OHE1) in exposure to Cr(VI) on cell viability and DNA cell damage. Two estrogen-dependent breast cancer cell lines, MCF 7/WT and MDA-MB-175-VII, were examined. In addition, the expression of Cu-Zn superoxide dismutase (SOD1) was determined immunocytochemically to elucidate the mechanism of oxidative stress. The effects of single substances and their mixtures were tested in the model of simultaneous and 7-day estrogen pre-incubation. As a result, the viability of MCF-7 and MDA-MB-175-VII cells is lowered most by Cr(VI) and least by 17β-E2. In the combined action of estrogens and metalloestrogens, we observed a protective effect mainly of 17β-E2 against Cr(VI)-induced cytotoxicity. The highest expression of SOD1 was found in MCF-7/WT cells exposed to 17β-E2. Moreover, high apoptosis was caused by both Cr(VI) itself and its interaction with 4-OHE2 and 2-MeOE2. The direction and dynamics of changes in viability are consistent for both lines. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T06:07:31Z |
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| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T06:07:31Z |
| publishDate | 2023-03-01 |
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| spelling | doaj.art-925c81c1029b434d89b9fec7315570c22023-11-17T12:54:43ZengMDPI AGMolecules1420-30492023-03-01286275210.3390/molecules28062752Effect of Interaction between Chromium(VI) with 17β-Estradiol and Its Metabolites on Breast Cancer Cell Lines MCF-7/WT and MDA-MB-175-VII: Preliminary StudyEwa Sawicka0Julita Kulbacka1Małgorzata Drąg-Zalesińska2Arkadiusz Woźniak3Agnieszka Piwowar4Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 211, 50-556 Wroclaw, PolandDepartment of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 211A, 50-556 Wroclaw, PolandDivision of Histology and Embrylogy, Department of Human Morphology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, T. Chałubińskiego 6a, 50-368 Wroclaw, PolandStudents’ Scientific Society at the Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-556 Wroclaw, PolandDepartment of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska 211, 50-556 Wroclaw, PolandThe number of factors initiating and stimulating the progression of breast cancer are constantly increasing. Estrogens are a risk factor for breast adenocarcinoma, the toxicity of which increases as a result of metabolism and interaction with other factors. Due to the presence of environmental exposure to estrogens and metalloestrogens, we investigated how interactions between estrogens and toxic chromium(VI)[Cr(VI)] affect breast cancer lines and investigated whether estrogens play a protective role. The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of 17β-estradiol and its metabolites: 2-methoxyestradiol (2-MeOE2), 4-hydroxyestradiol (4-OHE2), and 16α-hydroxyestrone (16α-OHE1) in exposure to Cr(VI) on cell viability and DNA cell damage. Two estrogen-dependent breast cancer cell lines, MCF 7/WT and MDA-MB-175-VII, were examined. In addition, the expression of Cu-Zn superoxide dismutase (SOD1) was determined immunocytochemically to elucidate the mechanism of oxidative stress. The effects of single substances and their mixtures were tested in the model of simultaneous and 7-day estrogen pre-incubation. As a result, the viability of MCF-7 and MDA-MB-175-VII cells is lowered most by Cr(VI) and least by 17β-E2. In the combined action of estrogens and metalloestrogens, we observed a protective effect mainly of 17β-E2 against Cr(VI)-induced cytotoxicity. The highest expression of SOD1 was found in MCF-7/WT cells exposed to 17β-E2. Moreover, high apoptosis was caused by both Cr(VI) itself and its interaction with 4-OHE2 and 2-MeOE2. The direction and dynamics of changes in viability are consistent for both lines.https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/28/6/275217β estradiol2-methoxyestradiol4-hydroxyestradiol16α-hydroxyestronemetalloestrogensCr(VI) |
| spellingShingle | Ewa Sawicka Julita Kulbacka Małgorzata Drąg-Zalesińska Arkadiusz Woźniak Agnieszka Piwowar Effect of Interaction between Chromium(VI) with 17β-Estradiol and Its Metabolites on Breast Cancer Cell Lines MCF-7/WT and MDA-MB-175-VII: Preliminary Study Molecules 17β estradiol 2-methoxyestradiol 4-hydroxyestradiol 16α-hydroxyestrone metalloestrogens Cr(VI) |
| title | Effect of Interaction between Chromium(VI) with 17β-Estradiol and Its Metabolites on Breast Cancer Cell Lines MCF-7/WT and MDA-MB-175-VII: Preliminary Study |
| title_full | Effect of Interaction between Chromium(VI) with 17β-Estradiol and Its Metabolites on Breast Cancer Cell Lines MCF-7/WT and MDA-MB-175-VII: Preliminary Study |
| title_fullStr | Effect of Interaction between Chromium(VI) with 17β-Estradiol and Its Metabolites on Breast Cancer Cell Lines MCF-7/WT and MDA-MB-175-VII: Preliminary Study |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effect of Interaction between Chromium(VI) with 17β-Estradiol and Its Metabolites on Breast Cancer Cell Lines MCF-7/WT and MDA-MB-175-VII: Preliminary Study |
| title_short | Effect of Interaction between Chromium(VI) with 17β-Estradiol and Its Metabolites on Breast Cancer Cell Lines MCF-7/WT and MDA-MB-175-VII: Preliminary Study |
| title_sort | effect of interaction between chromium vi with 17β estradiol and its metabolites on breast cancer cell lines mcf 7 wt and mda mb 175 vii preliminary study |
| topic | 17β estradiol 2-methoxyestradiol 4-hydroxyestradiol 16α-hydroxyestrone metalloestrogens Cr(VI) |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/28/6/2752 |
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