The Effect of Interfacial Zone Due to Nanoparticle–Surfactant Interaction on Dielectric Properties of Vegetable Oil Based Nanofluids
Nanoparticles are generally anti-lipophilic and have a tendency to aggregate when they are embedded in nanofluids. Thus, surfactants have a major role in achieving long term dispersion stability of nanofluids through surface modification of nanoparticles. However, the surfactant changes the structur...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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IEEE
2021-01-01
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| Series: | IEEE Access |
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| Online Access: | https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/9491153/ |
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| author | Rizwan A. Farade Noor Izzri Abdul Wahab Diaa-Eldin A. Mansour Norhafiz B. Azis Jasronita Bt. Jasni Veerapandiyan Veerasamy Arangarajan Vinayagam Bandanawaz M. Kotiyal T. M. Yunus Khan |
| author_facet | Rizwan A. Farade Noor Izzri Abdul Wahab Diaa-Eldin A. Mansour Norhafiz B. Azis Jasronita Bt. Jasni Veerapandiyan Veerasamy Arangarajan Vinayagam Bandanawaz M. Kotiyal T. M. Yunus Khan |
| author_sort | Rizwan A. Farade |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Nanoparticles are generally anti-lipophilic and have a tendency to aggregate when they are embedded in nanofluids. Thus, surfactants have a major role in achieving long term dispersion stability of nanofluids through surface modification of nanoparticles. However, the surfactant changes the structure of the interfacial zone around nanoparticles and can have a crucial impact on the dielectric properties of dielectric nanofluids. Accordingly, this paper aims to clarify the role of interfacial zone on dielectric properties of vegetable oil based Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> nanofluids including relative permittivity, dissipation factor, and AC breakdown voltage. Moreover, a polarization model of nanofluids was proposed to calculate their relative permittivity considering surfactant effect. Different filler levels ranging from 0.01 wt% to 0.05 wt% were used and various temperature ranges were considered to validate the proposed model. Relative permittivity calculated from the proposed model was almost in line with experimental results. Proposed model depicted that surfactant contributes for orientational polarization of nanoparticles in the relative permittivity calculation. So, improvement in the relative permittivity of dielectric nanofluids has been attained from 0.01 wt% to 0.05 wt% of Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> nanoparticles due to both internal and orientational polarization of nanoparticles. Regarding dissipation factor of prepared nanofluids, it decreased against the weight percentage of nanoparticles, while the mean AC breakdown voltage increased against the weight percentage. All these effects were discussed considering the structure of interfacial zone and its impact on the alignment of oil chains and the energy loss of electrons. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-21T07:11:13Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-92600f725638446aadb64d041b9e6536 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2169-3536 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-21T07:11:13Z |
| publishDate | 2021-01-01 |
| publisher | IEEE |
| record_format | Article |
| series | IEEE Access |
| spelling | doaj.art-92600f725638446aadb64d041b9e65362022-12-21T19:11:57ZengIEEEIEEE Access2169-35362021-01-01910703310704510.1109/ACCESS.2021.30987589491153The Effect of Interfacial Zone Due to Nanoparticle–Surfactant Interaction on Dielectric Properties of Vegetable Oil Based NanofluidsRizwan A. Farade0https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8037-2538Noor Izzri Abdul Wahab1https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9042-9796Diaa-Eldin A. Mansour2https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3894-4299Norhafiz B. Azis3https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9669-569XJasronita Bt. Jasni4https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9617-8609Veerapandiyan Veerasamy5https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7887-2613Arangarajan Vinayagam6https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2247-1893Bandanawaz M. Kotiyal7T. M. Yunus Khan8Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University Putra Malaysia, Serdang, MalaysiaDepartment of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University Putra Malaysia, Serdang, MalaysiaDepartment of Electrical Power and Machines Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Tanta University, Tanta, EgyptDepartment of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University Putra Malaysia, Serdang, MalaysiaDepartment of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University Putra Malaysia, Serdang, MalaysiaDepartment of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University Putra Malaysia, Serdang, MalaysiaDepartment of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, New Horizon College of Engineering, Bengaluru, IndiaDepartment of Electrical Engineering, School of Engineering and Technology, Anjuman-I-Islam’s Kalsekar Technical Campus, Mumbai, IndiaDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi ArabiaNanoparticles are generally anti-lipophilic and have a tendency to aggregate when they are embedded in nanofluids. Thus, surfactants have a major role in achieving long term dispersion stability of nanofluids through surface modification of nanoparticles. However, the surfactant changes the structure of the interfacial zone around nanoparticles and can have a crucial impact on the dielectric properties of dielectric nanofluids. Accordingly, this paper aims to clarify the role of interfacial zone on dielectric properties of vegetable oil based Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> nanofluids including relative permittivity, dissipation factor, and AC breakdown voltage. Moreover, a polarization model of nanofluids was proposed to calculate their relative permittivity considering surfactant effect. Different filler levels ranging from 0.01 wt% to 0.05 wt% were used and various temperature ranges were considered to validate the proposed model. Relative permittivity calculated from the proposed model was almost in line with experimental results. Proposed model depicted that surfactant contributes for orientational polarization of nanoparticles in the relative permittivity calculation. So, improvement in the relative permittivity of dielectric nanofluids has been attained from 0.01 wt% to 0.05 wt% of Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> nanoparticles due to both internal and orientational polarization of nanoparticles. Regarding dissipation factor of prepared nanofluids, it decreased against the weight percentage of nanoparticles, while the mean AC breakdown voltage increased against the weight percentage. All these effects were discussed considering the structure of interfacial zone and its impact on the alignment of oil chains and the energy loss of electrons.https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/9491153/Al₂O₃ nanoparticlessurfactantrelative permittivity modelnanofluidsdielectric properties |
| spellingShingle | Rizwan A. Farade Noor Izzri Abdul Wahab Diaa-Eldin A. Mansour Norhafiz B. Azis Jasronita Bt. Jasni Veerapandiyan Veerasamy Arangarajan Vinayagam Bandanawaz M. Kotiyal T. M. Yunus Khan The Effect of Interfacial Zone Due to Nanoparticle–Surfactant Interaction on Dielectric Properties of Vegetable Oil Based Nanofluids IEEE Access Al₂O₃ nanoparticles surfactant relative permittivity model nanofluids dielectric properties |
| title | The Effect of Interfacial Zone Due to Nanoparticle–Surfactant Interaction on Dielectric Properties of Vegetable Oil Based Nanofluids |
| title_full | The Effect of Interfacial Zone Due to Nanoparticle–Surfactant Interaction on Dielectric Properties of Vegetable Oil Based Nanofluids |
| title_fullStr | The Effect of Interfacial Zone Due to Nanoparticle–Surfactant Interaction on Dielectric Properties of Vegetable Oil Based Nanofluids |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Effect of Interfacial Zone Due to Nanoparticle–Surfactant Interaction on Dielectric Properties of Vegetable Oil Based Nanofluids |
| title_short | The Effect of Interfacial Zone Due to Nanoparticle–Surfactant Interaction on Dielectric Properties of Vegetable Oil Based Nanofluids |
| title_sort | effect of interfacial zone due to nanoparticle x2013 surfactant interaction on dielectric properties of vegetable oil based nanofluids |
| topic | Al₂O₃ nanoparticles surfactant relative permittivity model nanofluids dielectric properties |
| url | https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/9491153/ |
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