| Summary: | Intro: Bloodstream infections and antibiotic resistance are worldwide health concerns linked to high rates of morbidity and mortality. The goal of this study is to identify the most common isolated pathogens causing bloodstream infections and determine their trend of antimicrobial susceptibility and resistance during a four-year period among patients admitted at a private tertiary hospital in Tacloban City, Philippines. Methods: A single-centered, retrospective, descriptive study performed at Divine Word Hospital, wherein data among all admitted patients with at least 2 positive blood culture site growths were gathered from January 1, 2018 to December 31, 2021 and were analyzed using descriptive statistics. Findings: A total of 259 patient records were reviewed. Majority of the patients were female (53.3%), aged 60 and above (56.0%). The most common co-morbid conditions noted were hypertension (57.1%), diabetes mellitus (46.0%) and chronic kidney disease (29.0%) while the most prevalent sources of infection were respiratory tract infections (61.0%) followed by urinary tract infections (32.8%) and skin/soft tissue infections (19.8%). Duration of hospital stay mostly lasted within 7 days (39.0%) and 63.3% were discharged stable and improved. The most common isolates found were Escherichia coli (20.1%), Staphylococci species (18.9%) and Klebsiella pneumoniae (17.0%). Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae both had the highest sensitivity rates to carbapenems, amikacin and colistin while their resistance rates were highest to ampicillin. Staphylococci species, majority of which were Staphylococcus aureus, had maintained high sensitivity rates to vancomycin, quinupristin/dalfopristin, linezolid, tigecycline and nitrofurantoin while resistance to benzylpenicillin was consistently 100% from 2018 to 2021. Conclusion: This study showed the importance of regular surveillance of bloodstream infections, emphasizing the necessity of determining the common etiologic agents and their antimicrobial susceptibility and resistance pattern. This will help promote antimicrobial stewardship through proper and timely empiric antimicrobial therapy initiation as well as prevent further development of antimicrobial resistance.
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