Extraction of Titanium from Low-Grade Ore with Different Leaching Agents in Autoclave
The progressive depletion of primary sources to obtain metals has led to the search for alternative sources for their recovery. In the particular case of titanium, titaniferous sands are a viable option for obtaining this metal. This paper presents the results of the dissolution of titanium from tit...
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MDPI AG
2020-04-01
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| Series: | Metals |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4701/10/4/497 |
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| author | Mario H. Rodriguez Gustavo D. Rosales Eliana G. Pinna Fernando M. Tunez Norman Toro |
| author_facet | Mario H. Rodriguez Gustavo D. Rosales Eliana G. Pinna Fernando M. Tunez Norman Toro |
| author_sort | Mario H. Rodriguez |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The progressive depletion of primary sources to obtain metals has led to the search for alternative sources for their recovery. In the particular case of titanium, titaniferous sands are a viable option for obtaining this metal. This paper presents the results of the dissolution of titanium from titaniferous sands of Buenos Aires province (Argentina) in a laboratory autoclave (450 mL of capacity). The operating parameters studied were as follows: different acids (HF, H<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub> and mixtures of these acids); leaching agent concentration, 5–20% <i>v/v</i>; temperature, 75–150 °C; time, 30–180 min; solid–liquid ratio, 0.9–3.6% <i>w/v</i>; stirring speed, 110–550 rpm. The obtained results indicate that the increase in the leaching agent(s) concentration, temperature and time of contact with the acid mixtures have a marked effect on the dissolution reaction of titanium. Optimal conditions to achieve 89% extraction of titanium were obtained by leaching at 123 °C, 330 rpm, 80 min and 1.8% <i>w/v</i> with a mixture of 15% HF (<i>v/v</i>) and 10% H<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub> (<i>v/v</i>). |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T20:34:47Z |
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| id | doaj.art-928c1437660748809f5c9d8c497405f6 |
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| issn | 2075-4701 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T20:34:47Z |
| publishDate | 2020-04-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Metals |
| spelling | doaj.art-928c1437660748809f5c9d8c497405f62023-11-19T21:07:09ZengMDPI AGMetals2075-47012020-04-0110449710.3390/met10040497Extraction of Titanium from Low-Grade Ore with Different Leaching Agents in AutoclaveMario H. Rodriguez0Gustavo D. Rosales1Eliana G. Pinna2Fernando M. Tunez3Norman Toro4Laboratory of Extractive Metallurgy and Synthesis of Materials (MESiMat), ICB, UNCuyo, CONICET, FCEN, Padre Contreras 1300, General San Martín Park, CP M5502JMA Mendoza, ArgentinaLaboratory of Extractive Metallurgy and Synthesis of Materials (MESiMat), ICB, UNCuyo, CONICET, FCEN, Padre Contreras 1300, General San Martín Park, CP M5502JMA Mendoza, ArgentinaLaboratory of Extractive Metallurgy and Synthesis of Materials (MESiMat), ICB, UNCuyo, CONICET, FCEN, Padre Contreras 1300, General San Martín Park, CP M5502JMA Mendoza, ArgentinaInstitute of Research in Chemical Technology (INTEQUI) -UNSL-CONICET CC 290, CP 5700 San Luis, ArgentinaFaculty of Engineering and Architecture, Universidad Arturo Prat, Almirante Juan José Latorre 2901, Antofagasta 1244260, ChileThe progressive depletion of primary sources to obtain metals has led to the search for alternative sources for their recovery. In the particular case of titanium, titaniferous sands are a viable option for obtaining this metal. This paper presents the results of the dissolution of titanium from titaniferous sands of Buenos Aires province (Argentina) in a laboratory autoclave (450 mL of capacity). The operating parameters studied were as follows: different acids (HF, H<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub> and mixtures of these acids); leaching agent concentration, 5–20% <i>v/v</i>; temperature, 75–150 °C; time, 30–180 min; solid–liquid ratio, 0.9–3.6% <i>w/v</i>; stirring speed, 110–550 rpm. The obtained results indicate that the increase in the leaching agent(s) concentration, temperature and time of contact with the acid mixtures have a marked effect on the dissolution reaction of titanium. Optimal conditions to achieve 89% extraction of titanium were obtained by leaching at 123 °C, 330 rpm, 80 min and 1.8% <i>w/v</i> with a mixture of 15% HF (<i>v/v</i>) and 10% H<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub> (<i>v/v</i>).https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4701/10/4/497titaniumtitaniferous sandsleachinglow-grade ore |
| spellingShingle | Mario H. Rodriguez Gustavo D. Rosales Eliana G. Pinna Fernando M. Tunez Norman Toro Extraction of Titanium from Low-Grade Ore with Different Leaching Agents in Autoclave Metals titanium titaniferous sands leaching low-grade ore |
| title | Extraction of Titanium from Low-Grade Ore with Different Leaching Agents in Autoclave |
| title_full | Extraction of Titanium from Low-Grade Ore with Different Leaching Agents in Autoclave |
| title_fullStr | Extraction of Titanium from Low-Grade Ore with Different Leaching Agents in Autoclave |
| title_full_unstemmed | Extraction of Titanium from Low-Grade Ore with Different Leaching Agents in Autoclave |
| title_short | Extraction of Titanium from Low-Grade Ore with Different Leaching Agents in Autoclave |
| title_sort | extraction of titanium from low grade ore with different leaching agents in autoclave |
| topic | titanium titaniferous sands leaching low-grade ore |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4701/10/4/497 |
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