Incidence of invasive non-typhoidal Salmonella in Blantyre, Malawi between January 2011-December 2019 [version 1; peer review: 2 approved]
Background: The Malawi-Liverpool Wellcome Trust Clinical Research Programme (MLW) has undertaken sentinel surveillance of bloodstream infection and meningitis at Queen Elizabeth Central Hospital (QECH), Blantyre, Malawi for 20 years. Previously, three epidemics of Salmonella bloodstream infection ha...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Wellcome
2022-04-01
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| Series: | Wellcome Open Research |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://wellcomeopenresearch.org/articles/7-143/v1 |
| _version_ | 1797833214124883968 |
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| author | Heather Galloway Nicholas A. Feasey Brigitte Denis Melita Gordon Clemens Masesa Catherine N. Wilson Angeziwa Chunga Sithembile Bilima Niza Silungwe |
| author_facet | Heather Galloway Nicholas A. Feasey Brigitte Denis Melita Gordon Clemens Masesa Catherine N. Wilson Angeziwa Chunga Sithembile Bilima Niza Silungwe |
| author_sort | Heather Galloway |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background: The Malawi-Liverpool Wellcome Trust Clinical Research Programme (MLW) has undertaken sentinel surveillance of bloodstream infection and meningitis at Queen Elizabeth Central Hospital (QECH), Blantyre, Malawi for 20 years. Previously, three epidemics of Salmonella bloodstream infection have been identified. Here we provide updated surveillance data on invasive non-typhoidal Salmonella disease from 2011 – 2019. Methods: Surveillance data describing trends in invasive non-typhoidal Salmonella disease and associated antimicrobial susceptibility profiles are presented for the period January 2011 – December 2019. Results: Between January 2011-December 2019, 128,588 blood cultures and 40,769 cerebrospinal fluid cultures were processed at MLW. Overall, 1.00% of these were positive for S. Typhimurium, 0.10% for S. Enteritidis, and 0.05% positive for other Salmonella species. Estimated minimum incidence of invasive non-typhoidal Salmonella (iNTS) disease decreased from 21/100,000 per year in 2011 to 7/100,000 per year in 2019. Over this period, 26 confirmed cases of Salmonella meningitis were recorded (88.5% S. Typhimurium). Between 2011-2019 there was a substantial decrease in proportion of S. Typhimurium (78.5% to 27.7%) and S. Enteritidis (31.8% in 2011 to 0%) that were multidrug-resistant. Resistance to fluoroquinolones and third-generation generation cephalosporins (3GC) remained uncommon, however 3GC increased amongst Salmonella spp. and S. Typhimurium in the latter part of the period. Conclusions: The total number of iNTS bloodstream infections decreased between 2011-2019. Although the number multidrug resistance (MDR) S. Typhimurium and S. Enteritidis isolates has fallen, the number of MDR isolates of other Salmonella spp. has increased, including 3GC isolates. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-09T14:19:44Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-929c7de0dce64e68a33e73060760194c |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2398-502X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-09T14:19:44Z |
| publishDate | 2022-04-01 |
| publisher | Wellcome |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Wellcome Open Research |
| spelling | doaj.art-929c7de0dce64e68a33e73060760194c2023-05-05T01:00:00ZengWellcomeWellcome Open Research2398-502X2022-04-01719650Incidence of invasive non-typhoidal Salmonella in Blantyre, Malawi between January 2011-December 2019 [version 1; peer review: 2 approved]Heather Galloway0Nicholas A. Feasey1https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4041-1405Brigitte Denis2Melita Gordon3https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0629-0884Clemens Masesa4Catherine N. Wilson5https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7150-3081Angeziwa Chunga6https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6500-2902Sithembile Bilima7Niza Silungwe8Department of Clinical Sciences, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, L3 5QA, UKMalawi-Liverpool Wellcome Research Programme, Kamuzu University of Health Sciences, Blantyre, MalawiMalawi-Liverpool Wellcome Research Programme, Kamuzu University of Health Sciences, Blantyre, MalawiInstitute of Infection, Veterinary and Ecological Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L69 3BX, UKMalawi-Liverpool Wellcome Research Programme, Kamuzu University of Health Sciences, Blantyre, MalawiInstitute of Infection, Veterinary and Ecological Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L69 3BX, UKInstitute of Infection, Veterinary and Ecological Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L69 3BX, UKMalawi-Liverpool Wellcome Research Programme, Kamuzu University of Health Sciences, Blantyre, MalawiMalawi-Liverpool Wellcome Research Programme, Kamuzu University of Health Sciences, Blantyre, MalawiBackground: The Malawi-Liverpool Wellcome Trust Clinical Research Programme (MLW) has undertaken sentinel surveillance of bloodstream infection and meningitis at Queen Elizabeth Central Hospital (QECH), Blantyre, Malawi for 20 years. Previously, three epidemics of Salmonella bloodstream infection have been identified. Here we provide updated surveillance data on invasive non-typhoidal Salmonella disease from 2011 – 2019. Methods: Surveillance data describing trends in invasive non-typhoidal Salmonella disease and associated antimicrobial susceptibility profiles are presented for the period January 2011 – December 2019. Results: Between January 2011-December 2019, 128,588 blood cultures and 40,769 cerebrospinal fluid cultures were processed at MLW. Overall, 1.00% of these were positive for S. Typhimurium, 0.10% for S. Enteritidis, and 0.05% positive for other Salmonella species. Estimated minimum incidence of invasive non-typhoidal Salmonella (iNTS) disease decreased from 21/100,000 per year in 2011 to 7/100,000 per year in 2019. Over this period, 26 confirmed cases of Salmonella meningitis were recorded (88.5% S. Typhimurium). Between 2011-2019 there was a substantial decrease in proportion of S. Typhimurium (78.5% to 27.7%) and S. Enteritidis (31.8% in 2011 to 0%) that were multidrug-resistant. Resistance to fluoroquinolones and third-generation generation cephalosporins (3GC) remained uncommon, however 3GC increased amongst Salmonella spp. and S. Typhimurium in the latter part of the period. Conclusions: The total number of iNTS bloodstream infections decreased between 2011-2019. Although the number multidrug resistance (MDR) S. Typhimurium and S. Enteritidis isolates has fallen, the number of MDR isolates of other Salmonella spp. has increased, including 3GC isolates.https://wellcomeopenresearch.org/articles/7-143/v1Salmonella infection bloodstream surveillance antimicrobial resistanceeng |
| spellingShingle | Heather Galloway Nicholas A. Feasey Brigitte Denis Melita Gordon Clemens Masesa Catherine N. Wilson Angeziwa Chunga Sithembile Bilima Niza Silungwe Incidence of invasive non-typhoidal Salmonella in Blantyre, Malawi between January 2011-December 2019 [version 1; peer review: 2 approved] Wellcome Open Research Salmonella infection bloodstream surveillance antimicrobial resistance eng |
| title | Incidence of invasive non-typhoidal Salmonella in Blantyre, Malawi between January 2011-December 2019 [version 1; peer review: 2 approved] |
| title_full | Incidence of invasive non-typhoidal Salmonella in Blantyre, Malawi between January 2011-December 2019 [version 1; peer review: 2 approved] |
| title_fullStr | Incidence of invasive non-typhoidal Salmonella in Blantyre, Malawi between January 2011-December 2019 [version 1; peer review: 2 approved] |
| title_full_unstemmed | Incidence of invasive non-typhoidal Salmonella in Blantyre, Malawi between January 2011-December 2019 [version 1; peer review: 2 approved] |
| title_short | Incidence of invasive non-typhoidal Salmonella in Blantyre, Malawi between January 2011-December 2019 [version 1; peer review: 2 approved] |
| title_sort | incidence of invasive non typhoidal salmonella in blantyre malawi between january 2011 december 2019 version 1 peer review 2 approved |
| topic | Salmonella infection bloodstream surveillance antimicrobial resistance eng |
| url | https://wellcomeopenresearch.org/articles/7-143/v1 |
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