Evaluation of the Correlation between Gaze Avoidance and Schizophrenia Psychopathology with Deep Learning-based Emotional Recognition
Introduction Direct gaze is the most important mediator of social interaction and communication. Existing studies have evaluated eye movements of patients with schizophrenia by presenting stimuli using photographs or pre-recorded videos, but few directly investigated gaze avoidance in real-world si...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Cambridge University Press
2022-06-01
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| Series: | European Psychiatry |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/S0924933822008033/type/journal_article |
| _version_ | 1827754462333108224 |
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| author | H.S. Choi D.-U. Jung D.-W. Jeon S.-J. Kim J.-J. Moon |
| author_facet | H.S. Choi D.-U. Jung D.-W. Jeon S.-J. Kim J.-J. Moon |
| author_sort | H.S. Choi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description |
Introduction
Direct gaze is the most important mediator of social interaction and communication. Existing studies have evaluated eye movements of patients with schizophrenia by presenting stimuli using photographs or pre-recorded videos, but few directly investigated gaze avoidance in real-world situations.
Objectives
To investigate the correlation between gaze avoidance and psychopathology in patients with schizophrenia through eye movement measurements in real-life interpersonal situations.
Methods
We enrolled 52 clinically stable patients with schizophrenia. Psychopathology was evaluated using the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS), Hamilton Depression Rating Scale, and Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale. After presenting a visual stimulus, eye movements were measured with Tobii Pro Wearable Glasses 2, and deep learning-based emotional recognition using the residual masking network was used for neutral stimulus verification. Statistical analyses were performed using Pearson’s correlation and regression analyses.
Results
Data of 45 participants with verified stimulus neutrality by deep learning image recognition were used for analysis. The first dwelling time was negatively correlated with the PANSS positive syndrome subscale (p=0.028), general psychopathology subscale (p=0.008), total score (p=0.008), 5-factor positive symptoms (p=0.035), and 5-factor depression/anxiety symptoms (p=0.008). The baseline-area of interest (AOI) pupil diameter change was positively correlated with PANSS 5-factor positive symptom scores (p=0.039). After adjusting for additional variables, the same items had a significant effect on the first dwelling time and baseline-AOI pupil diameter change.
Conclusions
Psychopathology, particularly positive symptoms, was associated with gaze avoidance and pupil diameter in patients with schizophrenia. Evaluating the characteristics of eye movements in patients with schizophrenia will enable better understanding of their symptoms.
Disclosure
No significant relationships.
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| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T07:49:28Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-929f747b9acb40f9acfda5980427c881 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 0924-9338 1778-3585 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T07:49:28Z |
| publishDate | 2022-06-01 |
| publisher | Cambridge University Press |
| record_format | Article |
| series | European Psychiatry |
| spelling | doaj.art-929f747b9acb40f9acfda5980427c8812023-11-17T05:06:58ZengCambridge University PressEuropean Psychiatry0924-93381778-35852022-06-0165S315S31510.1192/j.eurpsy.2022.803Evaluation of the Correlation between Gaze Avoidance and Schizophrenia Psychopathology with Deep Learning-based Emotional RecognitionH.S. Choi0D.-U. Jung1D.-W. Jeon2S.-J. Kim3J.-J. Moon4Inje University Busan Paik Hospital, Psychiatry, Busan, Korea, Republic ofInje University Busan Paik Hospital, Psychiatry, Busan, Korea, Republic ofInje University Busan Paik Hospital, Psychiatry, Busan, Korea, Republic ofInje University Busan Paik Hospital, Psychiatry, Busan, Korea, Republic ofInje University Busan Paik Hospital, Psychiatry, Busan, Korea, Republic of Introduction Direct gaze is the most important mediator of social interaction and communication. Existing studies have evaluated eye movements of patients with schizophrenia by presenting stimuli using photographs or pre-recorded videos, but few directly investigated gaze avoidance in real-world situations. Objectives To investigate the correlation between gaze avoidance and psychopathology in patients with schizophrenia through eye movement measurements in real-life interpersonal situations. Methods We enrolled 52 clinically stable patients with schizophrenia. Psychopathology was evaluated using the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS), Hamilton Depression Rating Scale, and Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale. After presenting a visual stimulus, eye movements were measured with Tobii Pro Wearable Glasses 2, and deep learning-based emotional recognition using the residual masking network was used for neutral stimulus verification. Statistical analyses were performed using Pearson’s correlation and regression analyses. Results Data of 45 participants with verified stimulus neutrality by deep learning image recognition were used for analysis. The first dwelling time was negatively correlated with the PANSS positive syndrome subscale (p=0.028), general psychopathology subscale (p=0.008), total score (p=0.008), 5-factor positive symptoms (p=0.035), and 5-factor depression/anxiety symptoms (p=0.008). The baseline-area of interest (AOI) pupil diameter change was positively correlated with PANSS 5-factor positive symptom scores (p=0.039). After adjusting for additional variables, the same items had a significant effect on the first dwelling time and baseline-AOI pupil diameter change. Conclusions Psychopathology, particularly positive symptoms, was associated with gaze avoidance and pupil diameter in patients with schizophrenia. Evaluating the characteristics of eye movements in patients with schizophrenia will enable better understanding of their symptoms. Disclosure No significant relationships. https://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/S0924933822008033/type/journal_articlePsychopathologyeye trackingschizophréniagaze avoidance |
| spellingShingle | H.S. Choi D.-U. Jung D.-W. Jeon S.-J. Kim J.-J. Moon Evaluation of the Correlation between Gaze Avoidance and Schizophrenia Psychopathology with Deep Learning-based Emotional Recognition European Psychiatry Psychopathology eye tracking schizophrénia gaze avoidance |
| title | Evaluation of the Correlation between Gaze Avoidance and Schizophrenia Psychopathology with Deep Learning-based Emotional Recognition |
| title_full | Evaluation of the Correlation between Gaze Avoidance and Schizophrenia Psychopathology with Deep Learning-based Emotional Recognition |
| title_fullStr | Evaluation of the Correlation between Gaze Avoidance and Schizophrenia Psychopathology with Deep Learning-based Emotional Recognition |
| title_full_unstemmed | Evaluation of the Correlation between Gaze Avoidance and Schizophrenia Psychopathology with Deep Learning-based Emotional Recognition |
| title_short | Evaluation of the Correlation between Gaze Avoidance and Schizophrenia Psychopathology with Deep Learning-based Emotional Recognition |
| title_sort | evaluation of the correlation between gaze avoidance and schizophrenia psychopathology with deep learning based emotional recognition |
| topic | Psychopathology eye tracking schizophrénia gaze avoidance |
| url | https://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/S0924933822008033/type/journal_article |
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