Characterization of tire and road wear particles in urban river samples
Tire and road wear particles (TRWP) consist of tread rubber elastomers with pavement encrustations generated from tire-road friction. Our previous work utilized density separation and chemical mapping to characterize chemical and physical properties of individual TRWP. The current research extends t...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2023-07-01
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| Series: | Environmental Advances |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666765723000455 |
| _version_ | 1797804604228894720 |
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| author | Michael Kovochich Su Cheun Oh Jessica P. Lee Jillian A. Parker Tim Barber Kenneth Unice |
| author_facet | Michael Kovochich Su Cheun Oh Jessica P. Lee Jillian A. Parker Tim Barber Kenneth Unice |
| author_sort | Michael Kovochich |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Tire and road wear particles (TRWP) consist of tread rubber elastomers with pavement encrustations generated from tire-road friction. Our previous work utilized density separation and chemical mapping to characterize chemical and physical properties of individual TRWP. The current research extends the use of chemical mapping methods to urban river samples including sediment from the Seine River (France). TRWP were identified using a weight of evidence framework including density separation, optical imaging, scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM/EDX) mapping, and Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. River sediment collected immediately downstream of the Rouen urban area (with an average TRWP concentration of 930 mg TRWP/kg sediment; n = 3) subsequently density separated demonstrated an average TRWP size of 133 µm by number and 171 µm by volume. Sediment from a second location (190 mg TRWP/kg sediment; n = 1) was density separated and showed an overlap in features of tire tread and bitumen/asphalt in the FTIR signatures (operationally defined as weathered bitumen/TRWP). Average particle size for weathered bitumen/TRWP were 250 µm and 981 µm by number and volume, respectively. Pulverization pre-treatment of the second location sediment sample reduced larger particle agglomerates to an average weathered bitumen/TRWP particle size of 97 µm and 116 µm by number and volume, respectively. A quantitative TRWP or bitumen/TRWP size distribution in filtered suspended river solids (3300 mg TRWP/kg suspended solid) could not be determined due to lack of TRWP enrichment in pre- or post-density separation steps; however, average particle size for all collected river particles were 27 µm and 160 µm by number and volume, respectively. Additionally, TRWP were not identified in a river biota sample (bivalves) with or without chemical digestion and future research was discussed. Taken together, our single particle analysis methodologies were useful for the determination of particle size distribution (including bitumen and TRWP) in urban river sediment samples. These results are expected to help advance the methods for identification and characterization of TRWP and potentially other microplastics in various environmental matrices. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-13T05:38:43Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-92acf200eaaf4a2496b107f376ca6250 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2666-7657 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-13T05:38:43Z |
| publishDate | 2023-07-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Environmental Advances |
| spelling | doaj.art-92acf200eaaf4a2496b107f376ca62502023-06-14T04:34:28ZengElsevierEnvironmental Advances2666-76572023-07-0112100385Characterization of tire and road wear particles in urban river samplesMichael Kovochich0Su Cheun Oh1Jessica P. Lee2Jillian A. Parker3Tim Barber4Kenneth Unice5Stantec, 205 W. Wacker Dr. Suite 1500, Chicago, Illinois 60606, United States; Corresponding author.Exponent, Unit 802-803, 12 Science Park West Avenue, Shatin, New Territories, Hong KongExponent, 149 Commonwealth Drive, Menlo Park, CA 94025, United StatesStantec, 38 Technology Drive Suite 200, Irvine CA 92618-5310, United StatesEnvironmental Resources Management, 50 Public Square, 36th Floor, Cleveland, Ohio 44113, United StatesStantec, 20 Stanwix Street Suite 505, Pittsburgh, PA 15222, United StatesTire and road wear particles (TRWP) consist of tread rubber elastomers with pavement encrustations generated from tire-road friction. Our previous work utilized density separation and chemical mapping to characterize chemical and physical properties of individual TRWP. The current research extends the use of chemical mapping methods to urban river samples including sediment from the Seine River (France). TRWP were identified using a weight of evidence framework including density separation, optical imaging, scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM/EDX) mapping, and Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. River sediment collected immediately downstream of the Rouen urban area (with an average TRWP concentration of 930 mg TRWP/kg sediment; n = 3) subsequently density separated demonstrated an average TRWP size of 133 µm by number and 171 µm by volume. Sediment from a second location (190 mg TRWP/kg sediment; n = 1) was density separated and showed an overlap in features of tire tread and bitumen/asphalt in the FTIR signatures (operationally defined as weathered bitumen/TRWP). Average particle size for weathered bitumen/TRWP were 250 µm and 981 µm by number and volume, respectively. Pulverization pre-treatment of the second location sediment sample reduced larger particle agglomerates to an average weathered bitumen/TRWP particle size of 97 µm and 116 µm by number and volume, respectively. A quantitative TRWP or bitumen/TRWP size distribution in filtered suspended river solids (3300 mg TRWP/kg suspended solid) could not be determined due to lack of TRWP enrichment in pre- or post-density separation steps; however, average particle size for all collected river particles were 27 µm and 160 µm by number and volume, respectively. Additionally, TRWP were not identified in a river biota sample (bivalves) with or without chemical digestion and future research was discussed. Taken together, our single particle analysis methodologies were useful for the determination of particle size distribution (including bitumen and TRWP) in urban river sediment samples. These results are expected to help advance the methods for identification and characterization of TRWP and potentially other microplastics in various environmental matrices.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666765723000455Tire and road wear particleMicroplasticSingle particle analysisChemical mappingRiver sediment |
| spellingShingle | Michael Kovochich Su Cheun Oh Jessica P. Lee Jillian A. Parker Tim Barber Kenneth Unice Characterization of tire and road wear particles in urban river samples Environmental Advances Tire and road wear particle Microplastic Single particle analysis Chemical mapping River sediment |
| title | Characterization of tire and road wear particles in urban river samples |
| title_full | Characterization of tire and road wear particles in urban river samples |
| title_fullStr | Characterization of tire and road wear particles in urban river samples |
| title_full_unstemmed | Characterization of tire and road wear particles in urban river samples |
| title_short | Characterization of tire and road wear particles in urban river samples |
| title_sort | characterization of tire and road wear particles in urban river samples |
| topic | Tire and road wear particle Microplastic Single particle analysis Chemical mapping River sediment |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666765723000455 |
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