Diagnostic specificity of the child psychosis-risk screening system with a focus on the differentiation of schizophrenia spectrum disorders and neurodevelopmental disorders
BackgroundResearch on early psychosis has begun to identify psychiatric characteristics of the prodromal period of schizophrenia; however, subclinical characteristics of children in non-psychiatric fields have not been fully investigated. In our previous study, we developed the Child Psychosis-risk...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2023-08-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Child and Adolescent Psychiatry |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/frcha.2023.1230346/full |
| _version_ | 1797754531341139968 |
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| author | Yukiko Hamasaki Yukiko Hamasaki Yuko Sakaue Masahiro Matsuo Riku Sanada Takao Nakayama Shugo Michikoshi Satoko Ueba Naoki Kurimoto Naoki Kurimoto Takatoshi Hikida Toshiya Murai |
| author_facet | Yukiko Hamasaki Yukiko Hamasaki Yuko Sakaue Masahiro Matsuo Riku Sanada Takao Nakayama Shugo Michikoshi Satoko Ueba Naoki Kurimoto Naoki Kurimoto Takatoshi Hikida Toshiya Murai |
| author_sort | Yukiko Hamasaki |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | BackgroundResearch on early psychosis has begun to identify psychiatric characteristics of the prodromal period of schizophrenia; however, subclinical characteristics of children in non-psychiatric fields have not been fully investigated. In our previous study, we developed the Child Psychosis-risk Screening System (CPSS).ObjectiveIn the present cross-sectional study, we attempted to identify the risk of developing psychosis in pediatric (n = 216) and psychiatric outpatients (n = 120), aged 6– 18 years, with the CPSS.MethodsAn analysis of variance of CPSS risk was performed in six diagnostic categories to examine specificity for each diagnosis. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was conducted using the onset of schizophrenia spectrum as the outcome, and the discriminatory power and cut off values of the CPSS were determined. Logistic regression analysis was performed using clinical data to identify factors associated with the risk group (those at high risk of developing psychosis in the future) identified using the CPSS.ResultsThere were significant differences in risk variance among diagnostic categories (p < 0.001), especially between schizophrenia spectrum disorders (SSD) and neurodevelopmental disorders (p = 0.001). CPSS had sufficient discriminatory power for SSD diagnosis [area under the ROC curve = 0.853 (95% confidence interval: 0.774–0.931)]. The cut off value for the risk of SSD was determined to be 98.1%, achieving the best mean of the sum of sensitivity (90.9%) and specificity (84.0%). Cross-sectional logistic regression analysis showed that along with “SSD diagnosis,” “winter birth,” and “maltreatment” were factors associated with the risk group (odds ratio = 38.05 [p = 0.001], 2.30 [p = 0.016], and 0.12 [p = 0.024], respectively).ConclusionCPSS may have potential use in the early detection of psychosis and differentiation from neurodevelopmental disorders, but this study was small and further studies with larger sample sizes and longitudinal study designs are required prior to its use in routine clinical practice. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-12T17:34:44Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-92ade75cadb8480cb1cbd9a3c9b04e78 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2813-4540 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-12T17:34:44Z |
| publishDate | 2023-08-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
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| series | Frontiers in Child and Adolescent Psychiatry |
| spelling | doaj.art-92ade75cadb8480cb1cbd9a3c9b04e782023-08-04T12:22:21ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Child and Adolescent Psychiatry2813-45402023-08-01210.3389/frcha.2023.12303461230346Diagnostic specificity of the child psychosis-risk screening system with a focus on the differentiation of schizophrenia spectrum disorders and neurodevelopmental disordersYukiko Hamasaki0Yukiko Hamasaki1Yuko Sakaue2Masahiro Matsuo3Riku Sanada4Takao Nakayama5Shugo Michikoshi6Satoko Ueba7Naoki Kurimoto8Naoki Kurimoto9Takatoshi Hikida10Toshiya Murai11Faculty of Contemporary Society, Kyoto Women’s University, Kyoto, JapanDepartment of Psychiatry, Shigasato Hospital, Otsu, JapanDepartment of Pediatrics, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, JapanDepartment of Psychiatry, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, JapanDepartment of Psychiatry, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, JapanFaculty of Contemporary Society, Kyoto Women’s University, Kyoto, JapanFaculty of Data Science, Kyoto Women’s University, Kyoto, JapanDepartment of Pediatrics, Saiseikai Moriyama Municipal Hospital, Moriyama, JapanDepartment of Psychiatry, Shigasato Hospital, Otsu, JapanDepartment of Psychiatry, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, JapanLaboratory for Advanced Brain Functions, Institute for Protein Research, Osaka University, Suita, JapanDepartment of Psychiatry, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, JapanBackgroundResearch on early psychosis has begun to identify psychiatric characteristics of the prodromal period of schizophrenia; however, subclinical characteristics of children in non-psychiatric fields have not been fully investigated. In our previous study, we developed the Child Psychosis-risk Screening System (CPSS).ObjectiveIn the present cross-sectional study, we attempted to identify the risk of developing psychosis in pediatric (n = 216) and psychiatric outpatients (n = 120), aged 6– 18 years, with the CPSS.MethodsAn analysis of variance of CPSS risk was performed in six diagnostic categories to examine specificity for each diagnosis. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was conducted using the onset of schizophrenia spectrum as the outcome, and the discriminatory power and cut off values of the CPSS were determined. Logistic regression analysis was performed using clinical data to identify factors associated with the risk group (those at high risk of developing psychosis in the future) identified using the CPSS.ResultsThere were significant differences in risk variance among diagnostic categories (p < 0.001), especially between schizophrenia spectrum disorders (SSD) and neurodevelopmental disorders (p = 0.001). CPSS had sufficient discriminatory power for SSD diagnosis [area under the ROC curve = 0.853 (95% confidence interval: 0.774–0.931)]. The cut off value for the risk of SSD was determined to be 98.1%, achieving the best mean of the sum of sensitivity (90.9%) and specificity (84.0%). Cross-sectional logistic regression analysis showed that along with “SSD diagnosis,” “winter birth,” and “maltreatment” were factors associated with the risk group (odds ratio = 38.05 [p = 0.001], 2.30 [p = 0.016], and 0.12 [p = 0.024], respectively).ConclusionCPSS may have potential use in the early detection of psychosis and differentiation from neurodevelopmental disorders, but this study was small and further studies with larger sample sizes and longitudinal study designs are required prior to its use in routine clinical practice.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/frcha.2023.1230346/fullschizophreniaautism spectrum disorderneurodevelopmental disorderschild psychosis-risk screening systemchild behavior checklistrisk screening |
| spellingShingle | Yukiko Hamasaki Yukiko Hamasaki Yuko Sakaue Masahiro Matsuo Riku Sanada Takao Nakayama Shugo Michikoshi Satoko Ueba Naoki Kurimoto Naoki Kurimoto Takatoshi Hikida Toshiya Murai Diagnostic specificity of the child psychosis-risk screening system with a focus on the differentiation of schizophrenia spectrum disorders and neurodevelopmental disorders Frontiers in Child and Adolescent Psychiatry schizophrenia autism spectrum disorder neurodevelopmental disorders child psychosis-risk screening system child behavior checklist risk screening |
| title | Diagnostic specificity of the child psychosis-risk screening system with a focus on the differentiation of schizophrenia spectrum disorders and neurodevelopmental disorders |
| title_full | Diagnostic specificity of the child psychosis-risk screening system with a focus on the differentiation of schizophrenia spectrum disorders and neurodevelopmental disorders |
| title_fullStr | Diagnostic specificity of the child psychosis-risk screening system with a focus on the differentiation of schizophrenia spectrum disorders and neurodevelopmental disorders |
| title_full_unstemmed | Diagnostic specificity of the child psychosis-risk screening system with a focus on the differentiation of schizophrenia spectrum disorders and neurodevelopmental disorders |
| title_short | Diagnostic specificity of the child psychosis-risk screening system with a focus on the differentiation of schizophrenia spectrum disorders and neurodevelopmental disorders |
| title_sort | diagnostic specificity of the child psychosis risk screening system with a focus on the differentiation of schizophrenia spectrum disorders and neurodevelopmental disorders |
| topic | schizophrenia autism spectrum disorder neurodevelopmental disorders child psychosis-risk screening system child behavior checklist risk screening |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/frcha.2023.1230346/full |
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