Headache in the adult population of Cameroon: prevalence estimates and demographic associations from a cross-sectional nationwide population-based study
Abstract Background Knowledge of headache prevalence, and the burdens attributable to headache disorders, remains incomplete in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA): reliable studies have been conducted only in Zambia (southern SSA) and Ethiopia (eastern SSA). As part of the Global Campaign against Headache, we...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMC
2024-03-01
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| Series: | The Journal of Headache and Pain |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s10194-024-01748-9 |
| _version_ | 1797247144768307200 |
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| author | Callixte Kuate Tegueu Anastase Dzudie Tamdja Franklin Kom Blaise Forgwa Barche Peter Ebasone Mélanie Magnerou Paul Mbonda Jacques Doumbe Andreas Husøy Hallie Thomas Timothy J. Steiner |
| author_facet | Callixte Kuate Tegueu Anastase Dzudie Tamdja Franklin Kom Blaise Forgwa Barche Peter Ebasone Mélanie Magnerou Paul Mbonda Jacques Doumbe Andreas Husøy Hallie Thomas Timothy J. Steiner |
| author_sort | Callixte Kuate Tegueu |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Knowledge of headache prevalence, and the burdens attributable to headache disorders, remains incomplete in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA): reliable studies have been conducted only in Zambia (southern SSA) and Ethiopia (eastern SSA). As part of the Global Campaign against Headache, we investigated the prevalence of headache in Cameroon, in Central SSA. Methods We used the same methodology as the studies in Zambia and Ethiopia, employing cluster-randomized sampling in four regions of Cameroon, selected to reflect the country’s geographic, ethnic and cultural diversities. We visited, unannounced, randomly selected households in each region, and randomly selected one adult member (aged 18–65 years) of each. Trained interviewers administered the Headache-Attributed Restriction, Disability and Impaired Participation (HARDSHIP) structured questionnaire, developed by an international expert consensus group and translated into Central African French. Demographic enquiry was followed by diagnostic questions based on ICHD-3 criteria. Results Headache was a near-universal experience in Cameroon (lifetime prevalence: 94.8%). Observed 1-year prevalence of headache was 77.1%. Age- and gender-adjusted estimates were 76.4% (95% confidence interval: 74.9–77.9) for any headache, 17.9% (16.6–19.3) for migraine (definite + probable), 44.4% (42.6–46.2) for tension-type headache (TTH; also definite + probable), 6.5% (5.7–7.4) for probable medication-overuse headache (pMOH) and 6.6% (5.8–7.6) for other headache on ≥ 15 days/month (H15 +). One-day prevalence (“headache yesterday”) was 15.3%. Gender differentials were as expected (more migraine and pMOH among females, and rather more TTH among males). pMOH increased in prevalence until age 55 years, then declined somewhat. Migraine and TTH were both associated with urban dwelling, pMOH, in contrast, with rural dwelling. Conclusions Headache disorders are prevalent in Cameroon. As in Zambia and Ethiopia, estimates for both migraine and TTH exceed global mean estimates. Attributable burden is yet to be reported, but these findings must lead to further research, and measures to develop and implement headache services in Cameroon, with appropriate management and preventative strategies. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-24T19:54:02Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-92b6eddc5fc04152b6e883a6e3f12d90 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1129-2377 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-24T19:54:02Z |
| publishDate | 2024-03-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | The Journal of Headache and Pain |
| spelling | doaj.art-92b6eddc5fc04152b6e883a6e3f12d902024-03-24T12:27:58ZengBMCThe Journal of Headache and Pain1129-23772024-03-0125111010.1186/s10194-024-01748-9Headache in the adult population of Cameroon: prevalence estimates and demographic associations from a cross-sectional nationwide population-based studyCallixte Kuate Tegueu0Anastase Dzudie Tamdja1Franklin Kom2Blaise Forgwa Barche3Peter Ebasone4Mélanie Magnerou5Paul Mbonda6Jacques Doumbe7Andreas Husøy8Hallie Thomas9Timothy J. Steiner10Department of Neurology, Douala Laquintinie HospitalFaculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of YaoundéClinical Research Education, Networking and Consultancy (CRENC)Clinical Research Education, Networking and Consultancy (CRENC)Clinical Research Education, Networking and Consultancy (CRENC)Department of Neurology, Douala Laquintinie HospitalFaculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of YaoundéDepartment of Neurology, Douala Laquintinie HospitalDepartment of Neuromedicine and Movement Science, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU)Department of Neuromedicine and Movement Science, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU)Department of Neuromedicine and Movement Science, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU)Abstract Background Knowledge of headache prevalence, and the burdens attributable to headache disorders, remains incomplete in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA): reliable studies have been conducted only in Zambia (southern SSA) and Ethiopia (eastern SSA). As part of the Global Campaign against Headache, we investigated the prevalence of headache in Cameroon, in Central SSA. Methods We used the same methodology as the studies in Zambia and Ethiopia, employing cluster-randomized sampling in four regions of Cameroon, selected to reflect the country’s geographic, ethnic and cultural diversities. We visited, unannounced, randomly selected households in each region, and randomly selected one adult member (aged 18–65 years) of each. Trained interviewers administered the Headache-Attributed Restriction, Disability and Impaired Participation (HARDSHIP) structured questionnaire, developed by an international expert consensus group and translated into Central African French. Demographic enquiry was followed by diagnostic questions based on ICHD-3 criteria. Results Headache was a near-universal experience in Cameroon (lifetime prevalence: 94.8%). Observed 1-year prevalence of headache was 77.1%. Age- and gender-adjusted estimates were 76.4% (95% confidence interval: 74.9–77.9) for any headache, 17.9% (16.6–19.3) for migraine (definite + probable), 44.4% (42.6–46.2) for tension-type headache (TTH; also definite + probable), 6.5% (5.7–7.4) for probable medication-overuse headache (pMOH) and 6.6% (5.8–7.6) for other headache on ≥ 15 days/month (H15 +). One-day prevalence (“headache yesterday”) was 15.3%. Gender differentials were as expected (more migraine and pMOH among females, and rather more TTH among males). pMOH increased in prevalence until age 55 years, then declined somewhat. Migraine and TTH were both associated with urban dwelling, pMOH, in contrast, with rural dwelling. Conclusions Headache disorders are prevalent in Cameroon. As in Zambia and Ethiopia, estimates for both migraine and TTH exceed global mean estimates. Attributable burden is yet to be reported, but these findings must lead to further research, and measures to develop and implement headache services in Cameroon, with appropriate management and preventative strategies.https://doi.org/10.1186/s10194-024-01748-9EpidemiologyPrevalencePopulation-based studyHeadacheMigraineTension-type headache |
| spellingShingle | Callixte Kuate Tegueu Anastase Dzudie Tamdja Franklin Kom Blaise Forgwa Barche Peter Ebasone Mélanie Magnerou Paul Mbonda Jacques Doumbe Andreas Husøy Hallie Thomas Timothy J. Steiner Headache in the adult population of Cameroon: prevalence estimates and demographic associations from a cross-sectional nationwide population-based study The Journal of Headache and Pain Epidemiology Prevalence Population-based study Headache Migraine Tension-type headache |
| title | Headache in the adult population of Cameroon: prevalence estimates and demographic associations from a cross-sectional nationwide population-based study |
| title_full | Headache in the adult population of Cameroon: prevalence estimates and demographic associations from a cross-sectional nationwide population-based study |
| title_fullStr | Headache in the adult population of Cameroon: prevalence estimates and demographic associations from a cross-sectional nationwide population-based study |
| title_full_unstemmed | Headache in the adult population of Cameroon: prevalence estimates and demographic associations from a cross-sectional nationwide population-based study |
| title_short | Headache in the adult population of Cameroon: prevalence estimates and demographic associations from a cross-sectional nationwide population-based study |
| title_sort | headache in the adult population of cameroon prevalence estimates and demographic associations from a cross sectional nationwide population based study |
| topic | Epidemiology Prevalence Population-based study Headache Migraine Tension-type headache |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s10194-024-01748-9 |
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